Hockey is any of a family of sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a ball, or a hard, round disc called a puck, into the opponent's net or goal, using a hockey stick. Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively BALL ( Biochemical Algorithms Library) is a C++ library containing common algorithms used in Biochemistry and Bioinformatics. A puck is a disk used in various types of games serving the same functions as a ball in ball games The dominant version of hockey in a particular region tends to be known simply as hockey, other forms being more fully qualified.
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Field hockey
Field hockey is played on gravel, natural grass, sand-based or water-based artificial turf, with a small, hard ball. Artificial turf, or synthetic turf, is a man-made surface manufactured from synthetic materials made to look like natural Grass. The game is popular among both males and females in many parts of the world, particularly in Europe, Asia, Australasia, and South Africa. Australasia is a Region of Oceania: New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and neighbouring Islands in the Pacific The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa In most countries, the game is played between single-sex sides, although they can be mixed-sex. In the United States and Canada it is played predominantly by women. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page
The governing body is the 116-member International Hockey Federation (FIH). The International Hockey Federation ( Fédération Internationale de Hockey sur Gazon, or FIH) is the global governing body for the Sport of Field hockey Field Hockey has been played at each summer Olympic Games since 1908 (except 1924). For Olympic ice hockey see Ice hockey at the Olympic Games Field hockey (sometimes referred to as simply hockey Modern field hockey sticks are J-shaped and constructed of a composite of wood, glass fibre or carbon fibre (sometimes both) and have a curved hook at the playing end, a flat surface on the playing side and curved surface on the rear side.
There are 4000-year-old drawings in Egypt of a game resembling field hockey being played. While modern field hockey appeared in the mid-18th century in England, primarily in schools, it was not until the first half of the 19th century that it became firmly established. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The first club was created in 1849 at Blackheath in south-east London. Blackheath is an area in southeast London centred around a section of open public grassland ('the Heath' and straddling the boundary of the London Borough of Lewisham and the London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Field Hockey is the National Game of India and Pakistan[1]. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and
Ice hockey
Ice hockey is played on a large flat area of ice, using a three inch (76. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. 2 mm) diameter vulcanized rubber disc called a puck. Vulcanization (or Vulcanisation refers to a specific curing process of Rubber involving high heat and the addition of Sulfur or other equivalent curatives A puck is a disk used in various types of games serving the same functions as a ball in ball games This puck is often frozen before high-level games to decrease the amount of bouncing and friction on the ice. The game is contested between two teams of skaters. The game is played all over North America, Europe and in many other countries around the world to varying extent. It is the most popular sport in Canada, Finland and in Sweden. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation.
The governing body is the 64-member International Ice Hockey Federation, (IIHF). The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF was founded in 1908 as the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace and is the worldwide governing body for Ice Men's ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924, and was in the 1920 Summer Olympics. Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since the 1920 Summer Olympics. Women's ice hockey was added to the Winter Olympics in 1998. North America's National Hockey League (NHL) is the strongest professional ice hockey league, drawing top ice hockey players from around the globe. The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The NHL rules are slightly different from those used in Olympic ice hockey: the periods are 20 minutes long, counting downwards. There are three periods.
Ice hockey sticks are long L-shaped sticks made of wood, graphite, or composites with a blade at the bottom that can lie flat on the playing surface when the stick is held upright and can curve either way, legally, as to help a left- or right-handed player gain an advantage. An ice hockey stick is a piece of equipment used in Ice hockey to shoot pass and carry the puck The Mineral graphite, as with Diamond and Fullerene, is one of the Allotropes of carbon. Composite materials (or composites for short are engineered Materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical Someone who is right-handed will prefer to use this hand for everyday activities such as writing, maintaining personal hygiene, Cooking and so forth Variations in curves include its lie and its curve type. Most companies that produce sticks have sponsored players and in return, use their custom curve on publicly retailed sticks. To shoot with a left curved stick, the stick is held with the right hand at the top and the left hand partway down the shaft. To shoot with a right curved stick, the stick is held with the left hand at the top and the right hand partway down the shaft. Most people who are right handed shoot with a left curved stick, and most people who are left handed shoot with a right curved stick. This keeps their dominant hand at the top of the stick, allowing more control. Sticks also have flex numbers, a number on the stick ranging upward from 0. It indicates how much the stick will bend before breaking when pressed on the ice. The higher the number is, the more pressure it is able to withstand. This flexing is what enables slapshots. A slapshot (or slap shot) in Ice hockey is the hardest shot. It has four stages which are executed in one fluid motion The player winds
There are early representations and reports of hockey-type games being played on ice in the Netherlands, and reports from Canada from the beginning of the nineteenth century, but the modern game was initially organized by students at McGill University, Montreal in 1875 who, by two years later, codified the first set of ice hockey rules and organized the first teams. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec
Some notable players in ice hockey are Steve Yzerman, Wayne Gretzky, Gordie Howe, and Maurice "The Rocket" Richard. Stephen Gregory Yzerman ˈaɪzɚmən (born May 9, 1965 in Cranbrook British Columbia, Canada) is a retired Canadian professional hockey Wayne Douglas Gretzky, OC (born January 26 1961 is a retired Canadian professional Ice hockey player Gordon "Gordie" Howe, OC (born March 31 1928 in Floral, Saskatchewan) is a former professional Ice hockey player from Canada The Hon Joseph Henri Maurice "Rocket" Richard PC OC OQ ( August 4, 1921 &ndash May 27
Street Hockey
Another form of popular hockey is Street Hockey, sometimes known as road hockey. Street hockey ( also known as Road hockey deck hockey ground hockey or ball hockey) is a type of Hockey played with or without skates Street hockey ( also known as Road hockey deck hockey ground hockey or ball hockey) is a type of Hockey played with or without skates This is usually played with the same rules as ice hockey, or roller hockey, except it is on the street. Most of the time, a ball is used instead of a puck, because a puck would be too difficult to hit on an asphalt or cement surface. Asphalt ( is a sticky black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid that is present in most crude Petroleums and in some natural deposits sometimes termed asphaltum In the most general sense of the word a cement is a binder a substance which sets and hardens independently and can bind other materials together Street hockey is usually played during the summer. Summer is one of the four Temperate Seasons Summer marks the warmest time of year with the longest days
Roller hockey (inline)
Inline hockey is a variation of roller hockey very similar to ice hockey, from which it is derived. Inline hockey, often referred to simply as Roller hockey in the United States, is a team Sport played on a smooth plastic surface such as Inline hockey, often referred to simply as Roller hockey in the United States, is a team Sport played on a smooth plastic surface such as Roller hockey is a form of Hockey played on a dry surface using skates with wheels Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. Inline hockey is played by two teams, consisting of four skaters and one goalie, on a dry rink divided into two halves by a center line, with one net at each end of the rink. The game is played in three 15-minute periods with a variation of the ice hockey off-side rule. Icings are also called, but are usually referred to as illegal clearing. For rink dimensions and an overview of the rules of the game, see IIHF Inline Rules (official rules). Some leagues and competitions do not follow the IIHF regulations, in particular USA Inline and Canada Inline.
Roller hockey (quad)
Roller hockey (quad) is the overarching name for a roller sport that has existed since long before inline skates were invented. Roller Hockey (Quad is highly popular and has many names worldwide that mean the same sport Roller hockey has been played in sixty countries worldwide and so has many names worldwide. The sport is also known as quad hockey, hóquei em patins, international style ball hockey, rink hockey and hardball hockey. Roller Hockey was a demonstration roller sport at the 1992 Barcelona Summer Olympics. The 1992 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Barcelona,
Unicycle hockey
Unicycle hockey is similar to roller or inline hockey, however, each player must be mounted on their unicycle (with both feet on the pedals) to play at the ball. A unicycle is a one-wheeled Human-powered vehicle. Unicycles are similar to but less complex than Bicycles History The unicycle's history began A unicycle is a one-wheeled Human-powered vehicle. Unicycles are similar to but less complex than Bicycles History The unicycle's history began The ball is similar weight and bounce to a "dead" tennis ball and sticks are as in roller hockey. The game is "non-contact". Each team consists of five players (one is usually a goalkeeper, but with no special rights or obligations), and substitution is allowed at any point in the game. Any player who allows his stick to impede an opposing player commits a foul, regardless of intent. Players must also keep one hand on the end of the stick at all times and never allow the head of the stick to be lifted above waist height.
Other forms of hockey
Other games derived from hockey or its predecessors include the following:
- Ball hockey is played in a gym using sticks and a ball, often a tennis ball with the fuzz removed. Street hockey ( also known as Road hockey deck hockey ground hockey or ball hockey) is a type of Hockey played with or without skates Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles)
- Air hockey is played indoors with a puck on an air-cushion table. Air hockey is a game for two competing players trying to score points in the opposing player's goal
- Bandy is played with a ball on a football-sized ice arena, typically outdoors. Bandy is a Winter sport, where a ball is hit with a stick It shares a common ancestry with Ice hockey, in that it likely developed from the informal "ball and Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered It is in some ways field hockey played on ice, but bandy has in fact more in common with association football (soccer).
- Beach hockey was a professional league that played for three seasons at Huntington Beach, California. Huntington Beach is a seaside city in Orange County in Southern California, United States. The game was played on inline skates at a rink. Inline skates (often called by the trade name Rollerblade) are a type of roller skate used for Inline skating. The league was canceled after ESPN stopped funding them due to low ratings. ESPN, originally an acronym for Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, is an American Cable television network dedicated to
- Broomball is played on an ice hockey rink, but with a ball instead of a puck and a "broom" (actually a stick with a small plastic implement on the end) in place of the ice hockey stick. A variant of broomball is played by non-Russians in Moscow See Moscow broomball. Instead of using skates, special shoes are used that have very soft rubbery soles to maximize grip while running around.
- Bubble hockey is played in a plastic sealed table with the 'players' being moved by the use of pushing and turning rods.
- Floorball, is a form of hockey played in a gymnasium or in sport halls. Floorball is an indoor Team sport that was developed in Sweden in the late 1970's A whiffle ball is used instead of a plastic ball, and the sticks are made from composite materials. The sticks are only one meter long, allowing better stickhandling, and making the game a whole lot safer. It is very popular in Europe, and is widely recognized as the world's fastest growing sport.
- Foot hockey is played using a bald tennis ball or rolled up pair of socks and using only the feet. Foot hockey is a Sport related to Hockey, but there is no Equipment (except for the goaltenders or Stick, using feet to Kick the It is popular at elementary schools in the winter.
- Gym hockey is a form of ice hockey played in a gymnasium. It uses sticks with foam ends and a foam ball or a plastic puck.
- Hurling and Camogie are Irish games bearing some resemblance to - and notable differences from - hockey. Hurling (in Irish, iománaíocht or iomáint) is an outdoor team Sport of ancient Gaelic origin administered by the Gaelic Camogie (in Irish, camógaíocht) is a Celtic team Sport, organised by the Camogie Association of Ireland, the women's variant of Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world
- Indoor field hockey is an indoor variation of field hockey. Indoor field hockey is an indoor variant of "traditional" outdoor Field hockey.
- Mini hockey (Popularly known as "Mini-Sticks") is a form of hockey which is played in basements of houses. Mini hockey (aka mini sticks, sock hockey, knee hockey, hall hockey, shinny hockey or, shimmy stick) is an indoor Players get down on their knees, using a miniature plastic stick, usually about 15 inches (38 cm) long and a small blue ball or a soft, fabric covered mini puck. They shoot into miniature goals as well. This is popular throughout North America, though it has not yet made the jump to Europe. In England this refers to a seven-a-side version of Field Hockey, played on an area equivalent to half a normal pitch for younger players, see Minkey (Mini Hockey)
- PowerHockey is a form of hockey for persons requiring the use of an electric (power) wheelchair in daily life. Minkey is a modified form of Field hockey for primary school children PowerHockey is a competitive fast paced Hockey program for any Disabled person requiring the use of an electric (power Wheelchair in daily life PowerHockey is a competitive sports opportunity for the physically disabled.
- Ringette is an ice hockey variant that was designed for female players; it uses a straight stick and a rubber ring in place of a puck. Ringette is a team Sport played on an Ice surface Players are generally women wear ice skates and use straight sticks to control a rubber ring with the objective Note: Ringette distances itself from hockey as it has its own set of rules and is closely related to a mix of lacrosse and basketball.
- Rinkball is a Scandinavian team sport, played in an ice hockey rink with a ball. Rinkball is a Team sport that originated in Sweden in the 1950s and 1960s
- Rossall Hockey is a variation played at Rossall School on the sea shore in the winter months. Rossall Hockey or RossHockey is a unique form of hockey played only at Rossall School, in Fleetwood, on the Fylde coast, Lancashire Rossall School is a British, co-educational, public school (an independent school in England in between Cleveleys and Fleetwood Its rules are a mix of field hockey, Rugby and the Eton Wall Game. Rugby football (usually just " rugby " may refer to a number of sports through history descended from a common form of Football developed at Rugby School The Eton wall game originated at Eton College. It has similarities to both the modern sports of Rugby union and football.
- Shinny is an informal version of ice hockey. Shinny (or shinney is an informal type of hockey played on ice or the street
- Shinty is a Scottish Highlands game
- Skater hockey is a variant of inline hockey, played with a ball. Shinty (derived from the Scottish Gaelic sinteag although it is referred to as camanachd or iomain in modern Gaelic is a Team sport The Scottish Highlands ( Scottish Gaelic: A' Ghàidhealtachd, Scots: Hielans) include the rugged and Mountainous Skaterhockey is team sport played with a plastic ball The game is played using inline roller skates
- Sledge hockey is a form of ice hockey played by the disabled. Sledge hockey is a sport that was designed to allow participants who have a Physical disability to play the game of Ice hockey. The players sit on sleds, and push themselves up and down the ice with picks on the butt end of their shortened hockey sticks. The game is played with many of the same rules as regular ice hockey.
- Spongee is a cross between ice hockey and broomball and is most popular in Manitoba, Canada. "Spongee" or Sponge Hockey is a cult sport played almost exclusively in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada by thousands of players in dozens of leagues Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116 sq mi of North America A stick and puck are used as in hockey (the puck is a softer version called a "sponge puck"), and the same soft-soled shoes used in broomball are worn. The rules are basically the same as ice hockey, but one variation has an extra player on the ice called a "rover".
- Table hockey is played indoors with a table-top game.
- Underwater hockey is played on the bottom of a swimming pool. Underwater hockey (also called Octopush) is a non-contact Sport in which two teams compete to manoeuvre a puck across the bottom of a Swimming pool
- Nok hockey A table-top version of hockey played with no defense and a small block in front of the goal.
References
External links
Field hockey
Ice hockey
- International Ice Hockey Federation
- myFantasyInsider.com
- CBC Digital Archives - The Spirit of Ice Hockey
- National Hockey League
- Hockey Canada
- Montreal Gazette hockey site
Roller hockey (inline)
- Roller hockey (inline) External Links
- PIHA - Professional Inline Hockey Association
- Inline Hockey Central
- Stephenville Area Hockey League
Roller hockey (quad)
Other
- The International Street and Ball Hockey Federation (ISBHF)
- The StreetHockey Worldcup 2007 - In Ratingen, Germany
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