Citizendia

Argentine Jews
Notable Argentine Jews:
Miguel Najdorf · Lalo Schifrin · Jorge Guinzburg
Total population

Approximately 185,000-250,000 Argentine Jews

Regions with significant populations
Predominantly in Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province, Cordoba Province, Santa Fe Province, and Entre Rios Province. Miguel Najdorf (born Mendel (Mieczysław Najdorf in Grodzisk Mazowiecki near Warsaw, Poland, April 15, 1910 &ndash Lalo Schifrin (born June 21, 1932) is an Argentine pianist and Composer. Jorge Ariel Guinzburg ( February 3, 1949 - March 12, 2008) was an Argentine Journalist, Theatrical producer, Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern Buenos Aires Province (ˈbwenos ˈaiɾes Spanish: Provincia de Buenos Aires is the most populated province of Argentina. Córdoba is a province of Argentina, located in the center of the country Santa Fe is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country Entre Ríos is a province of Argentina, located in the Mesopotamia region in the northeast of the country
Languages
Predominantly Spanish. Minority speak Yiddish
Religions
Predominantly Judaism. Yiddish (yi [[wiktייִדיש ייִדיש]] yidish or yi [[wiktאידיש אידיש]] idish, literally "Jewish" is a nonterritorial High Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut Minority are Agnostic or Atheist

The history of the Jews of Argentina harks back to the days of the Spanish Inquisition and Portuguese Inquisition when Jews fleeing persecution settled in what is now Argentina. Agnosticism ( Greek: α- a-, without + γνώσις gnōsis, knowledge after Gnosticism) is the philosophical view that the Atheism The Spanish Inquisition started and was established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile to maintain The Portuguese Inquisition was formally established in Portugal in 1536 at the request of the King of Portugal, João III. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. [1]

Many of the Portuguese traders in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata were Jews, but an organized Jewish community developed only after Argentina gained independence from Spain in 1810. The Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata was the last and most shortlived Viceroyalty created by Spain in 1776 Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. At that time, Jews from France and other parts of Western Europe began to settle in Argentina. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Western Europe at its most general meaning means 'all the countries in the West of Europe ' [2][1]

Contents

Agricultural settlement

The number of Jews immigrating to Argentina increased in the late 19th century due to the efforts of the French Jewish philanthropist Baron Maurice de Hirsch. Maurice de Hirsch, or Baron Moritz von Hirsch auf Gereuth, ( 9 December, 1831 Munich, Bavaria - 21 April, After the death of his son and heir, de Hirsch devoted himself to Jewish philanthropy and alleviating Jewish suffering in Eastern Europe. He came up with a plan to bring Jews to Argentina as autonomous agricultural settlers. [3] This plan meshed with Argentina's campaign to attract immigrants. The 1853 constitution guaranteed religious freedom, and the country had vast, unpopulated land reserves. Under President Domingo F. Sarmiento, a policy of mass immigration was introduced that coincided with the violent pogroms in Russia in 1881. [4]

Congregación Israelita de Buenos Aires

The Buenos Aires Jewish community was established in 1862, and held its first traditional Jewish wedding in 1868. The first synagogue was inaugurated in 1875. [5] The Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe who settled in Argentina became known as "rusos" ("Russians") by the local population. Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. [1] Some settled in the major cities, but many acquired land through the Jewish Colonization Association[1] and established small agricultural colonies ("comunas") in the interior of the country, especially in the provinces of Santa Fe and Entre Ríos. The Jewish Colonization Association (JCA in Yiddish ICA was created on September 11, 1891 by the Baron Maurice de Hirsch. Agricultural colonies in Argentina were a demographically and economically important part of the evolution of the country Santa Fe is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country Entre Ríos is a province of Argentina, located in the Mesopotamia region in the northeast of the country [6]

Between 1906 and 1912, Jewish immigration increased at a rate of about 13,000 immigrants per year, with most from Eastern Europe but others from Morocco or the Ottoman Empire. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish By 1920, approximately 150,000 Jews were living in Argentina. [1]

Jews in Argentina came to play an important role in Argentine society, but anti-Semitism reared its head from time to time. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility In January 1919 in Buenos Aires, pogroms fomented by the police as a response to a general strike targeted the Jews and destroyed their property. A pogrom is a form of Riot directed against a particular group whether ethnic religious or other and characterized by destruction of their Homes Businesses [1] In the strike's aftermath civilian vigilante gangs went after agitators ("agitadores"), claiming scores of victims, mostly Russian Jews who were falsely accused of masterminding a Communist conspiracy. [7] In 1939 half the owners and workers of small manufacturing plants were foreigners, many of them newly arrived Jewish refugees from Central Europe. [8]

Holocaust and anti-Semitism

Argentina kept its doors open to Jewish immigration until 1938. After that, new regulations were imposed by the government and the flow was severely curtailed at the very moment when the Jews sought a safe haven from the Nazis. [9]

In the 1950s and 60s, the Tacuara Nationalist Movement, a fascist organization with political ties, began a series of anti-Semitic campaigns with street fights and vandalism of synagogues and Jewish cemeteries. The Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara (MNT Tacuara Nationalist Movement) was an Argentine Far right group in the 1960s which after having violently Fascism is a totalitarian nationalist and corporatist ideology [10]

Terrorism

In the 1990s, the Jewish community was the target of two major terrorist attacks, both of which remain unsolved: the Israeli Embassy was bombed in March 1992, killing 32 people, and in July 1994 the Jewish community center (AMIA) in Buenos Aires was bombed as well, killing 85 people and wounding over 200. The Israeli Embassy attack in Buenos Aires was a Bomb attack against Israel 's Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina on March Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA is a Jewish Community Center located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The AMIA Bombing was an attack on the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA Argentine Israelite Jewish Mutual Association building in Buenos Aires on During the economic crisis of 1999–2002, approximately 4400 Argentine Jews made aliyah to Israel. Aliyah ( refers to Jewish Immigration to the Land of Israel (and since its establishment in 1948 the State of Israel) [11]

Today

Today, approximately 185,000-250,000 Jews live in Argentina,[12][13][14] down from 310,000 in the early 1960s,[14]. Most of Argentina's Jews live in Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Rosario. Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern Córdoba, abbreviated as CBA, is a city located near the geographical center of Argentina, in the foothills of the Sierras Chicas mountains on the [15] Argentina's Jewish population is the largest Jewish community in Latin America, the third-largest in the Americas (after that of the United States and Canada), and the sixth-largest in the world. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page [12][14] (See Jewish population) The Jewish population is 80% Ashkenazi. Jewish population refers to the number of Jews in the world Precise figures are difficult to calculate because the definition of " Who is a Jew " remains a [14]By law, the Jews are allowed two days of vacation on Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, and the first two and last two days of Passover. Rosh Hashanah (ראש השנה literally "head of the year" Biblical: ˈɾoʃ haʃːɔˈnɔh Israeli haʃaˈna Yiddish: hɑˈʃɔnə is a Jewish Yom Kippur (יוֹם כִּפּוּר ˈjɔm kiˈpur also known in English as the Day of Atonement, is the most solemn and important of the Jewish holidays Its Passover ( Hebrew, Yiddish: פֶּסַח Pesach, Tiberian: pɛsaħ Israeli: Pesah, Pesakh, Yiddish [16]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Weiner, Rebecca. The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Argentina. Retrieved on 2008-01-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople.
  2. ^ Americas - Argentina; History. American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. Retrieved on 2008-01-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople.
  3. ^ Argentina and the Jews: A History of Jewish Immigration Haim Avni, University of Alabama Press, 1991 ISBN 0-8173-0554-8
  4. ^ Argentina and the Jews: A History of Jewish Immigration Haim Avni, University of Alabama Press, 1991 ISBN 0-8173-0554-8
  5. ^ Argentina & Jews reveals little-known history, Miami Herald, Mario Diament, 1991
  6. ^ Argentina 1516-1987 by David Rock - Chapter V
  7. ^ Argentina 1516-1987 by David Rock - Chapter V
  8. ^ Argentina 1516-1987 by David Rock - Chapter VI
  9. ^ Argentina & Jews reveals little-known history, Miami Herald Mario Diament, 1991
  10. ^ (Spanish) Tacuara salió a la calle, Página/12, May 15, 2005
  11. ^ Argentina Status Report on Aliyah
  12. ^ a b The Jewish People Policy Planning Institute; Annual Assessment, 2007
  13. ^ United Jewish Communities; Global Jewish Populations
  14. ^ a b c d LeElef, Ner. Página/12 a left-wing newspaper based in Buenos Aires, Argentina, founded on May 25, 1987 by journalist Jorge Lanata World Jewish Population. Retrieved on 2008-01-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople.
  15. ^ http://www.jdc.org/p_amer_arg_pop.html
  16. ^ Fiestas judías no laborables - Edición Nacional

See also

External links

Next Year in Argentina (original title El Ano Que Viene en Argentina) is a 2005 documentary about Diaspora Jews Jewish gauchos (in Spanish, Gauchos judíos) is a common name for Jewish immigrants that settled in fertile regions of Argentina The history of the Jews in the Americas dates back to Christopher Columbus and his first cross- Atlantic voyage on August 3, 1492 The original inhabitants of Argentina were descendants of Asian peoples that crossed the Bering Land Bridge into North America and then over thousands The Andinia Plan is the name of an alleged plan to establish a Jewish state in parts of Argentina. Moisés Ville is a small town ( comuna) in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina founded in 1889 by Eastern European and Russian Colonia Lapin is a settlement located near the town of Rivera in the southwest region of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, in the Municipality Colegio Tarbut (בית ספר תרבות is a Jewish private school founded in 1961 in the city of Olivos, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA is a Jewish Community Center located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. See also History of the Jews in Argentina The History of the Jews in Latin America began with seven sailors arriving in Christopher Columbus ' crew
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