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For places named after the saint, see Saint-Hippolyte

Hippolytus of Rome
The Martyrdom of Saint Hippolytus (Paris, 14th century), according to the legendary version of Prudentius
Martyr
Born c. 170
Died c. 236, Sardinia
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church
Feast Roman Catholic Church: 13 August
Eastern Orthodox Church: 30 January
Patronage Bibbiena, Italy; horses; prison guards; prison officers; prison workers[1]
Saints Portal

Saint Hippolytus of Rome (c. The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members For Cardinal Bernardo Bibbiena see Bernardo Dovizi Bibbiena is a town and commune in the Province of Arezzo 170-c. 236) was one of the most prolific writers of the early Church. He must have been born in the second half of the 2nd century, probably in Rome. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Photius describes him in his Bibliotheca (cod. 121) as a disciple of Irenaeus, who was said to be a disciple of Polycarp, and from the context of this passage it is supposed that he suggested that Hippolytus himself so styled himself. Saint Irenaeus (Greek Ειρηναίος (2nd century AD - c 202 was Bishop of Lugdunum in Gaul, Roman Empire (now Lyons France Saint Polycarp of Smyrna (ca 69 – ca 155 was a second century Bishop of Smyrna. However, this assertion is doubtful. [2]He came into conflict with the Popes of his time and for some time headed a separate group. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and For that reason he is sometimes considered the first Antipope. An antipope ( Latin: antipapa) is a person who makes a widely accepted claim to be the lawful Pope, in opposition to the pope recognised by the Roman However he died in 235 or 236 reconciled to the Church and as a martyr. The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom

Contents

Life

As a presbyter of the church at Rome under Pope Zephyrinus (199-217), Hippolytus was distinguished for his learning and eloquence. Presbyter in the New Testament refers to a leader in local Christian congregations then a synonym of episkopos (which has now come to mean Bishop Events By place Roman Empire Mesopotamia is partitioned into two Roman provinces divided by the Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Events By Place Roman Empire April 8 — Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Guard It was at this time that Origen, then a young man, heard him preach. Origen ( Greek: Ōrigénēs, or Origen Adamantius, ca 185–ca [3]

He refused to accept the teaching of Pope Zephyrinus, whose successor, Callistus (217-222), he accused of favouring the Christological heresies of the Monarchians, and, further, of subverting the discipline of the Church by his lax action in receiving back into the Church those guilty of gross offences. Christology (from Christ and Greek grc -λογία -logia) is a field of study within Christian theology which is concerned with Heresy is an introduced change to some system of belief especially a religion that conflicts with the previously established canon of that belief Monarchianism or Monarchism is a set of beliefs that emphasize God as being one person and the only ruler of his kingdom. At this time he seems to have allowed himself to be elected as a rival Bishop of Rome, and continued to attack Pope Urban I (222-230) and Pope Pontian (230-235). "Saint Urban" redirects here For other saints with this name see Saint Urban (disambiguation. Pope [2]

Under the persecution by Emperor Maximinus Thrax, Hippolytus and Pontian were exiled together in 235 to Sardinia, and it is very probably that before his death there he was reconciled to the other party at Rome, for under Pope Fabian (236-250) his body and that of Pontian were brought to Rome. Gaius Iulius Verus Maximinus (c 173&ndash238 also known as Maximinus Thrax (i Sardinia (sɑrˈdɪnɪə Sardegna Sardigna or Sardinnya is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily) Pope From the so-called chronography of the year 354 (more precisely, the Catalogus Liberianus, or Liberian Catalogue) we learn that on 13 August, probably in 236, the two bodies were interred in Rome, that of Hippolytus in a cemetery on the Via Tiburtina. The Chronography of 354, also known as the Calendar of 354, was a 4th century Illuminated manuscript, which was produced in 354 AD for a wealthy Roman Christian In compiling the history of the Early Christian Church, the Liberian Catalogue ( Catalogus Liberianus) which was part of the Illuminated manuscript known Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. Via Tiburtina is an ancient road of Italy leading east-northeast from Rome to Tivoli (Latin Tibur) This document indicates that by about 255 Hippolytus was considered a Catholic martyr and gives him the rank of a priest, not of a bishop, an indication that before his death the schismatic was received again into the bosom of the Church. [2]

The facts of his life as well as his writing were soon forgotten in the West, perhaps by reason of his schismatic activities and because he wrote in Greek Pope Damasus I dedicated to him one of his famous epigrams, making him, however, a priest of the Novatianist schism, a view later accepted by Prudentius in the fifth century in his "Passion of St Hippolytus". Pope The Novatianists following Novatius or Novatian, held a strict view that refused readmission to communion of lapsi, those baptized Christians who had denied their Aurelius Prudentius Clemens was a Roman Christian Poet, born in the Roman Province of Tarraconensis (now Northern In the Passionals of the seventh and eighth centuries he is represented as a soldier converted by Saint Lawrence, a legend that long survived in the Roman Breviary. A breviary (from Latin brevis, 'short' or 'concise' is a Liturgical book of the Latin liturgical rites of the Catholic Church He was also confused with a martyr of the same name who was buried in Portus, of which city he was believed to have been a bishop. For homonyms see Porto (disambiguation Porto (Italian or Portus (Latin was a town in Lazio or Latium [2] Prudentius seems to have drawn on the story of the mythological Hippolytus for his description of the death of the saint, picturing him as dragged to death by wild horses at Ostia. In Greek mythology, Hippolytus ( Greek for "loose horse" was a son of Theseus and either Antiope or Hippolyte. Ostia may refer to Ostia Antica, a township and port of ancient Rome Ostia (town, a modern township (also called Ostia Lido or He described the subterranean tomb of the saint and states that he saw there a picture representing Hippolytus’ execution. He also confirms 13 August as the date on which Hippolytus was celebrated. Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar.

This account led to Hippolytus being considered the patron saint of horses. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members During the Middle Ages, sick horses were brought to Ippollitts, Hertfordshire, England, where a church is dedicated to him. Hertfordshire (ˈhɑːtfədʃə(r, abbreviated Herts) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland [4]

Writings

In 1551 a marble statue of a seated figure (originally female, perhaps personifying one of the sciences) was found in the cemetery of the Via Tiburtina and was heavily restored. On the sides of the seat was carved a paschal cycle, and on the back the titles of numerous writings by Hippolytus. The Paschal cycle in the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Churches is the cycle of the Moveable feasts built around Pascha (Easter Many other works are listed by Eusebius of Caesarea and Jerome. Jerome (c 347 – September 30, 420) ( Latin: Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος

The most important of works attributed to Hippolytus is the Refutation of all Heresies. The Refutation of All Heresies is a compendious Christian polemical work of the early Third century, now generally attributed to Hippolytus of Rome. Of its ten books, Book I was long known and was printed (with the title Philosophizumena) among the works of Origen, Books II and III are lost, and Books IV-X were found, without the name of the author, in a monastery of Mount Athos in 1842, and published in 1851 under the title Philosophumena, by E. Mount Athos (Όρος Άθως is a mountain on the Peninsula of the same name in Macedonia, of northern Greece, called in Greek Άγιον Miller, who attributed it to Origen. It has since been attributed to Hippolytus.

Hippolytus's voluminous writings, which for variety of subject can be compared with those of Origen, embrace the spheres of exegesis, homiletics, apologetics and polemic, chronography, and ecclesiastical law. Origen ( Greek: Ōrigénēs, or Origen Adamantius, ca 185–ca Exegesis (from the Greek 'to lead out' involves an extensive and critical interpretation of an authoritative text, especially of a Holy Homiletics ( Gr homiletikos, from homilos, to assemble together in Theology the application of the general principles of Rhetoric Polemics (pəˈlɛmɪks/ /poʊ- is the practice of disputing or controverting religious, philosophical, or political matters Canon law is internal ecclesiastical law governing the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches and the Anglican Communion of churches

His works have unfortunately come down to us in such a fragmentary condition that it is difficult to obtain from them any very exact notion of his intellectual and literary importance.

Of his exegetical works the best preserved are the Commentary on the Prophet Daniel and the Commentary on the Song of Songs. Daniel (; Persian: دانيال, Dâniyal or Danial, also Dani, داني; Arabic: دانيال

In spite of many instances of a want of taste in his typology, they are distinguished by a certain sobriety and sense of proportion in his exegesis.

We are unable to form an opinion of Hippolytus as a preacher, for the Homilies on the Feast of Epiphany which go under his name are wrongly attributed to him.

Of the dogmatic works, On Christ and the Antichrist survives in a complete state. Christ is the English term for the Greek ( Khristós) meaning "the anointed " For other uses see Antichrist (disambiguation In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist or anti-Christ means a person office Among other things it includes a vivid account of the events preceding the end of the world, and it was probably written at the time of the persecution under Septimius Severus, i. Lucius Septimius Severus (or rarely Severus I) ( April 11 145 - February 4 211) was a Roman general and Roman Emperor e. about 202. For the area code see Area code 202. Events By Place Roman Empire Septimus Severus returns to Rome after

The influence of Hippolytus was felt chiefly through his works on chronography and ecclesiastical law. His chronicle of the world, a compilation embracing the whole period from the creation of the world up to the year 234, formed a basis for many chronographical works both in the East and West. The formation and evolution of the Solar System is estimated to have begun Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Alexander Severus buys peace from the Alemanni.

In the great compilations of ecclesiastical law that arose in the East since the 4th century, many canons were attributed to Hippolytus. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century How much of this material is genuinely his, how much of it worked over, and how much of it wrongly attributed to him, can no longer be determined beyond dispute even by the most learned investigation, however a great deal was incorporated into the Fetha Negest, which once served as the constitutional basis of law in Ethiopia — where he is still remembered as Abulides. The Fetha Negest ( Ge'ez: ፍትሐ ነገሥት fitḥa nagaśt, "Law of the Kings" is a Legal code compiled around 1240 by the Coptic NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the feast day of St. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Hippolytus falls on 13 August, which is also the Apodosis of the Feast of the Transfiguration. Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. The feast of the Resurrection of Jesus, called Pascha (Easter is the greatest of the feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Because on the Apodosis the hymns of the Transfiguration are to be repeated, the feast of St. Hippolytus may be transferred to the day before or to some other convenient day. The Eastern Orthodox Church also celebrates the feast of St. Hippolytus Pope of Rome on January 30, who may or may not be the same individual. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain

The Roman Catholic Church celebrates St Hippolytus jointly with St Pontian on 13 August. Pope Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. For the other dates that in the past were dedicated to him or perhaps to other saints of the same name, see Saint Hippolytus. Saint Hippolytus is usually understood to mean Hippolytus of Rome, a Roman priest celebrated in a common feast with Pope Pontian on 13 August as having

Prophetic exegesis

In the fragments from his Commentary on the Prophet Daniel, and also in his monumental Treatise on Christ and Antichrist, Hippolytus gives an exposition of Daniel's paralleling prophecies of chapters 2 and 7, which he, in common with other Church fathers, asserts pertain to the Babylonians, Medo-Persians, Greeks, and Romans. The Book of Daniel (דניאל, originally written in Hebrew and Aramaic, is a Book in both the Hebrew Bible ( Tanakh) and the Christian Nebuchadnezzar's statue vision is a story from chapter of the biblical Book of Daniel. Daniel’s Vision of Chapter 7 is from the Book of Daniel in the Bible The term Neo-Babylonian or Chaldean refers to Babylonia under the rule of the 11th ("Chaldean" dynasty from the revolt of Nabopolassar The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Macedon or Macedonia ( Greek grc Μακεδονία grc-Latn Makedonía) was the name of a kingdom centered in the northern-most Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 [5]

"The golden head of the image is identical with the lioness, by which the Babylonians were represented.
The golden shoulders and the arms of silver are the same with the bear, by which the Persians and Medes are meant.
The belly and thighs of brass are the leopard, by which the Greeks who ruled from Alexander onwards are intended.
The legs of iron are the dreadful and terrible beast, by which the Romans who hold the empire now are meant.
The toes of clay and iron are the ten horns which are to be.
The one other little horn springing up in their midst is the Antichrist. For other uses see Antichrist (disambiguation In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist or anti-Christ means a person office
The stone that smites the image and breaks it in pieces, and that filled the whole earth, is Christ, who comes from heaven and brings judgment on the world. "[6]

Antichrist

Hippolytus considered it important to discover who Antichrist is to be.

"It is proper that we take the Holy Scriptures themselves in hand, and find out from them what, and of what manner, the coming of Antichrist is; on what occasion and at what time the impious pious one shall be revealed; and whence and from what tribe (he shall come); and what his name is, which indicated by the number in the Scripture; and how he shall work error among the people, gathering them from the ends of the earth; and (how) he shall stir up tribulation and persecution against the saints; and how he shall glorify himself as God; and what his end shall be; and how the sudden appearing of the Lord shall be revealed from heaven; and what the conflagration of the whole world shall be; and what the glorious and heavenly kingdom of the saints is to be, when they reign together with Christ; and what the punishment of the wicked by fire. "[7]

References

  1. ^ http://saints.sqpn.com/sainth36.htm
  2. ^ a b c d Cross, F. L. , ed. , The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005)
  3. ^ Jerome's De Viris Illustribus # 61; cp. De viris illustribus (On Illustrious Men is a collection of short Biographies of 135 authors written in Latin, by the 4th century Latin Church Father Eusebius, Historia Ecclesiastica vi. 14, 10.
  4. ^ Towns & Villages in Herts
  5. ^ Froom, LeRoy Edwin, 1948, The Prophetic Faith of Our Fathers, Vol. 1, p. 268-279
  6. ^ Hippolytus, 170-236 AD, Commentary on Daniel [translated], "The Ante-Nicene Fathers", Volume 5, p. 178, 179
  7. ^ Hippolytus, Treatise on Christ and Antichrist, chap. 2, in ANF, vol. 5, p. 205; see also chap. 65, p. 218.

See also

External links

Bibliography

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