Hilo, Hawaii
Aerial view of Hilo bay and city.
Location in Hawaii County and the state of Hawaii
Coordinates: 19°42′20″N 155°5′9″W / 19.70556, -155.08583
Country	United States
State	Hawaii
County	Hawaii
Area
- Total	58. Hawaii County is a County located in the US state of Hawai{{okina}}i in the Hawaiian Islands. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the The five counties of Hawai{{okina}}i on the Hawaiian Islands enjoy somewhat greater status than many counties on the United States mainland Hawaii County is a County located in the US state of Hawai{{okina}}i in the Hawaiian Islands. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 4 sq mi (151. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 4 km²)
- Land	54. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 3 sq mi (140. 6 km²)
- Water	4. 1 sq mi (10. 7 km²)
Elevation	59 ft (18 m)
Population (2000)
- Total	40,759
- Density	750. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8/sq mi (289. 9/km²)
Time zone	Hawaii-Aleutian (UTC-10)
ZIP codes	96720-96721
Area code(s)	808
FIPS code	15-14650
GNIS feature ID	0359187

Hilo (pronounced /ˈhiːlo/) is a coastal town in the State of Hawaiʻi. The Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone observes Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time (HST by subtracting ten hours from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC-10) The UTC−10 Time offset is used in Cook Islands French Polynesia Society Archipelago including The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The 808 Telephone Area code covers the inhabited and developed areas of the Hawaiian Islands out to Midway Island. Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the It is the largest settlement on the Island of Hawaiʻi, and the second largest settlement in the state. The Island of Hawaii, also called the Big Island or Hawaii Island, is a volcanic Island in the U The population was 40,759 at the 2000 census.

Hilo is the county seat of Hawaiʻi County, Hawaiʻi, and is situated in the South Hilo District. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Hawaii County is a County located in the US state of Hawai{{okina}}i in the Hawaiian Islands. The town overlooks Hilo Bay, and is near two shield volcanoes, Mauna Loa, considered active, and Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano upon which some of the best ground-based astronomical observatories are placed. A shield volcano is a large Volcano with shallow-sloping sides Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on earth and one of five volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii in the U Mauna Kea is a Dormant volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, one of five volcanoes which together form the Island of Hawaii. The Observatories at Mauna Kea, (MKO are an independent collection of astronomical research facilities located on the summit of Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawai'i

Hilo is home to the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, as well as the Merrie Monarch Festival, a week-long celebration of ancient and modern hula, which takes place annually after Easter. universityofhawaiisystemsmallsealjpg|right|Seal of the University of Hawai'i System]] The University of Hawaii at Hilo is one of ten branches of the University of Hawai{{okina}}i The Merrie Monarch Festival is a week-long hula festival that takes place annually in Hilo, Hawaii. Hula (ˈhuːlə is a dance form accompanied by chant or song It was developed in the Hawaiian Islands by the Polynesians who originally settled there Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. It is also home to the Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation, one of the world's leading producers of macadamia nuts. The Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation is an American manufacturer of macadamia nuts a subsidiary of The Hershey Company, and is the worlds largest processor of macadamia Macadamia is a Genus of nine Species of Flowering plants in the family Proteaceae, with a Disjunct distribution native It is served by Hilo International Airport. Hilo International Airport, formerly General Lyman Field, is a public Airport of the state of Hawai'i in Hawai'i County two miles (3 km

Geography

Hilo Bay at night

Hilo is located at 19°42′20″N, 155°5′9″W (19. 705520, -155. 085918)^[1], the southernmost city in the United States.

Hilo is classified by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census A census-designated place ( CDP) is a type of place (a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes According to the census, the census-designated place has a total area of 151. 4 square kilometers (58. 4 mi²), 140. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 6 square kilometers (54. 3 mi²) of which is land and 10. 7 square kilometers (4. 2 mi²) of which (7. 10%) is water.

Hilo's location on the eastern side of the island of Hawaiʻi (windward relative to the trade winds) makes it the wettest city in the United States and one of the wettest cities in the world. Windward is the direction from which the wind is blowing at the time in question The trade winds (also called trades) are the prevailing pattern of easterly winds found in the Tropics near the Earth's Equator. An average of 127. 77 inches (3245 mm) of rain falls on Hilo (airport) annually (between 1949 and 2007). ^[2] At some other weather stations in Hilo the annual rainfall is above 200 inches. ^[3]

Its location on the shore of the funnel-shaped Hilo Bay also makes it vulnerable to tsunamis. A tsunami ((tsuːˈnɑːmi is a series of waves created when

Demographics

As of the United States census^[4] of 2000, there were 40,759 people, 14,577 households, and 10,101 families residing in the census-designated place. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 750. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8 people per square mile (289. 9/km²). There were 16,026 housing units at an average density of 295. 2/sq mi (114. 0/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 17. 12% White, 0. 45% African American, 0. 34% Native American, 38. 30% Asian, 13. 12% Pacific Islander, 0. 94% from other races, and 29. 74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8. 78% of the population.

There were 14,577 households out of which 30. 6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48. 5% were married couples living together, 15. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30. 7% were non-families. 24. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 70 and the average family size was 3. 19.

In the CDP the population was spread out with 24. 7% under the age of 18, 10. 3% from 18 to 24, 24. 4% from 25 to 44, 23. 9% from 45 to 64, and 16. 7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 95. 9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91. 9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $39,139, and the median income for a family was $48,150. Males had a median income of $36,049 and the median was $27,626 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,220. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 11. 1% of families and 17. 1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 5% of those under age 18 and 6. 7% of those age 65 or over.

History

Although archaeological evidence is scant, people certainly inhabited the areas along Hilo Bay, Wailuku and Wailoa Rivers before the Western world made contact. The Wailuku River is a 26 mile (42 km long water course on the Island of Hawai'i in the Hawaiian Islands. Missionaries came to Hilo in the early to middle 1800s, founding several churches, notably Haili Church.

Hilo expanded as sugar plantations in the surrounding area made sure that they didn't move and drew in many workers from Asia, and the city became a trading center. Fundamentally a plantation is usually a large Farm or estate, especially in a tropical or semitropical country on which Cotton, Tobacco

Aftermath of the 1960 Chilean tsunami in Hilo, Hawaiʻi, where the tsunami left 61 people dead and 282 seriously injured. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake or Great Chilean Earthquake (Gran terremoto de Valdivia of 22 May, 1960 is the most powerful Earthquake ever

A breakwater across Hilo Bay was begun in the 1900s and completed in 1929. On April 1, 1946, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake near the Aleutian Islands created a fourteen-meter high tsunami that hit Hilo hours later, killing 160 people. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The 1946 Aleutian Islands earthquake was an Earthquake near the Aleutian Islands on April 1, 1946. The Aleutian Islands (possibly from Chukchi aliat, " Island " are a chain of more than 300 small volcanic islands forming a Volcanic A tsunami ((tsuːˈnɑːmi is a series of waves created when In response an early warning system, the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, was established to track these killer waves and provide warning. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC operated by NOAA in Ewa Beach Hawaii, USA, is one of two tsunami warning centers in the United States

On May 23, 1960, another tsunami, caused by a 9.5 magnitude earthquake off the coast of Chile the previous day, claimed 61 lives allegedly due to people's failure to heed warning sirens. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The 1960 Valdivia earthquake or Great Chilean Earthquake (Gran terremoto de Valdivia of 22 May, 1960 is the most powerful Earthquake ever Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Low-lying bayfront areas of the city on Waiākea peninsula and along Hilo Bay, previously populated, were rededicated as parks and memorials. Waiākea is a subdivision of houses and land in Hilo, Hawai'i.

Hilo expanded inland beginning in the 1960s. The downtown found a new role in the 1980s as the city's cultural center with several galleries and museums being opened; the Palace Theatre was reopened in 1998 as an arthouse cinema. The Palace Theatre is a movie theatre in downtown Hilo Hawai'i in the United States of America.

Closure of the sugar plantations (including those in Hāmākua) during the 1990s led to a downturn in the local economy, coinciding with a general statewide slump. Hāmākua lies on the Northeast coast of the Big Island of Hawai‘i and is approximately fifty miles long ending at Waipi‘o Valley. Hilo in recent years has seen commercial and population growth as the neighboring district of Puna became the fastest-growing region in the state. Puna is one of the 9 districts on the Island of Hawai{{okina}}i (Big Island (County of Hawaii

Education

Main article: Schools of Hilo, Hawaii

Hilo is home to a number of educational institutions, including two post-secondary institutions, the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo and Hawaiʻi Community College. universityofhawaiisystemsmallsealjpg|right|Seal of the University of Hawai'i System]] The University of Hawaii at Hilo is one of ten branches of the University of Hawai{{okina}}i Hawaii Community College is a public co-educational commuter College in Hilo Hawai{{okina}}i on the Big Island of Hawai{{okina}}i.

Government and politics

Hilo is not an incorporated city, and does not have a municipal government. The entire island, which is slightly smaller than the state of Connecticut, is under the jurisdiction of Hawaiʻi County, of which Hilo is the county seat. Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Hawaii County is a County located in the US state of Hawai{{okina}}i in the Hawaiian Islands.

Hilo is home to county, state, and federal offices.

Hilo and its outlying areas are traditionally more Democratic-leaning than West Hawaiʻi, which adds to tension between the two major municipal areas. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. It has also presented more opposition to development than other large communities elsewhere in the state.

Business

Farmer's market in Hilo

Hilo has a large tourism sector, as is prevalent across the whole island. Hilo, as the second largest city in the state of Hawaiʻi, is home to shopping centers, movie theaters, hotels, restaurants, and a developed downtown area. Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation makes its home here as well and is a major tourist attraction on its own right with its self-guided tour of the processing plant (viewed from the outside on a second-floor walkway due to safety and sanitation concerns) and large gift shop with homemade macadamia nut ice cream for sale and free samples of every flavor variation sold by the company. The Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation is an American manufacturer of macadamia nuts a subsidiary of The Hershey Company, and is the worlds largest processor of macadamia

Culture

• East Hawaiʻi Cultural Center

People from Hilo

• Rodney Anoa'i
• Keiko Bonk
• Ed Case
• Wesley Correira
• Robert Kiyosaki
• Troy Mandaloniz
• Gerald Okamura
• BJ Penn
• Bob Shane

Points of interest

• Banyan Drive
• Hilo Tropical Gardens
• Liliʻuokalani Park and Gardens
• Lyman Museum
• Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation
• Nani Mau Gardens
• Pacific Tsunami Museum
• Pana'ewa Rainforest Zoo
• University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo Botanical Gardens
• ʻImiloa Astronomy Center of Hawaiʻi

References

External links

• Hilo, Hawaii is at coordinates 19°42′20″N 155°05′09″W / 19.70552, -155.085918 (Hilo, Hawaii)Coordinates: 19°42′20″N 155°05′09″W / 19.70552, -155.085918 (Hilo, Hawaii)
• Hilo Downtown Improvement Association
• Pacific Tsunami Museum
• `Imiloa Astronomy Center of Hawai`i