The Highland Railway (HR) was one of the smaller British railways before the Railways Act 1921; it operated north of Perth railway station in Scotland and served the farthest north of Britain. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Railways Act of 1921, also known as the Grouping Act, was an enactment by the British government of David Lloyd George intended to stem the losses being Perth railway station is a Railway station located in Perth, Scotland. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Formed by amalgamation in 1865,^[1] it was absorbed into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. London Midland for the new (2007 railway company The London Midland and Scottish Railway ( LMS) was a British Railway company

Contents 1 Extent 2 History 3 Company Officers 3.1 Chairman 3.2 General Manager 3.3 Chief Engineer 3.4 Chief Mechanical Engineer 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External links

Extent

The Highland Railway served the counties of Caithness, Sutherland, Ross & Cromarty, Inverness, Perth, Nairn, Moray and Banff. Southward it connected with the Caledonian Railway at Stanley Junction, north of Perth, and eastward with the Great North of Scotland Railway at Boat of Garten, Elgin, Keith and Portessie^[2]. The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish Railway company operating in Scotland The Great North of Scotland Railway (GNSR/GNoSR was one of the smaller British railways before the grouping, operating in the far north-east of Scotland The headquarters were at Inverness,^[1] as were the workshops, Lochgorm Works^[2].

History

• The Inverness and Nairn Railway (INR): 15 miles (24km) in length, was incorporated in 1854; the first train ran 5 November 1855; it was the original part of the HR;
• A railway between Nairn and Keith opened in 1858; in 1861 this was amalgamated with the INR to become the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway (I&AJR);
• Two railways were to follow:
  • the Inverness and Perth Junction Railway, opened in 1863, which connected with the I&AJR at Forres, and which in turn joined the Perth and Dunkeld Railway (opened 7 April 1856) at Dunkeld, completing the main line of the HR, which itself came into being in 1865;
• Lines to north were also being opened; all were merged with the HR by 1884:
  • 23 March 1856 the Inverness and Ross-shire Railway, Inverness to Invergordon; it was extended to Bonar Bridge in 1864;
  • 13 April 1868: the Sutherland Railway, Bonar Bridge to Golspie;
  • 19 August 1870: the Dingwall and Skye Railway, Dingwall to Stromeferry and Kyle of Lochalsh opened throughout; the
  • 19 June 1871: the Duke of Sutherland's Railway, Golspie to Helsmdale built by the Duke of Sutherland;
  • 28 July 1874: the Sutherland and Caithness Railway, Helmsdale to Wick and Thurso completed the line. The Inverness and Nairn Railway was a Railway worked by and later absorbed by the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway. Year 1854 ( MDCCCLIV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1855 ( MDCCCLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Nairn railway station is a railway station serving the town of Nairn in Scotland. Keith railway station is a railway station serving the town of Keith Moray, Scotland. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway is an historic railway in Scotland. The Inverness and Perth Junction Railway was built to link the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway at Forres and Perth and Dunkeld Railway ultimately Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Forres Railway station serves the town of Forres, Moray in Scotland. The Perth and Dunkeld Railway was built from Stanley Junction on the Scottish Midland Junction Railway to Birnam on the opposite bank of the River Tay to Dunkeld Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1856 ( MDCCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Dunkeld and Birnam Railway station serves the towns of Dunkeld and Birnam in Perth and Kinross. Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1856 ( MDCCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Inverness and Ross-shire Railway was incorporated on 3 July 1860 with the aim to build a line to Invergordon. Invergordon railway station is a Railway station serving the town of Invergordon on the Cromarty Firth, in the Highland council area Ardgay railway station is a Railway station serving the village of Ardgay in the Highland council area of Scotland. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The Sutherland Railway was a railway worked by and later absorbed in 1884 by the Highland Railway running through Sutherland, Scotland. Golspie railway station is a Railway station serving the village of Golspie in the Highland council area of Scotland. Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Dingwall and Skye Railway was authorised on 5 July 1865 with the aim to provide a route to Skye and the Herbrides Dingwall railway station serves Dingwall, in the Highland council area of Scotland. Stromeferry railway station is a station on the Kyle of Lochalsh Line, serving the village of Stromeferry in the Highlands, northern Scotland Kyle of Lochalsh railway station is the terminus of the Kyle of Lochalsh Line in the village of Kyle of Lochalsh in the Highlands, northern Scotland Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Duke of Sutherland's Railway was a railway worked built by the Duke of Sutherland when the Sutherland Railway which had powers to build north to Brora stopped at Golspie Helmsdale railway station is a Railway station serving the village of Helmsdale in the Highland council area, northern Scotland. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Year 1874 ( MDCCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Sutherland and Caithness Railway was a railway worked by and later absorbed by the Highland Railway running through Sutherland and Caithness, Wick railway station is a Railway station serving the town of Wick, in the Highland council area in the north of Scotland. Thurso railway station is a Railway station serving the town of Thurso Highland, in the Highland council area, in the north of Scotland
  • 1 November 1898: the "direct line" between Aviemore and Inverness opened, reducing the journey from 60 miles (96km) to 35 miles (56km). Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Inverness and Aviemore Direct Railway was built by the Highland Railway to provide a direct route between Inverness and Aviemore. Aviemore Railway station serves the town and tourist resort of Aviemore in the Highlands of Scotland.
• There were also several branch lines of the HR. From the south, these were:
  • the Aberfeldy Branch;
  • the Buckie and Portessie Branch: opened 1 August 1884, closed 7 August 1915 (to passengers and central section between Aultmore and Buckie totally}
  • the Fochabers Town branch: closed 14 September 1931
  • the Hopeman branch: also closed 14 September 1931
  • the Findhorn Railway: opened 1860, closed 1869 as being a failure
  • the Fort George branch: also closed 14 September 1931
  • the Fortrose Branch: closed 1 October 1951
  • the Strathpeffer Branch: closed to passengers 23 February 1946, closed to freight 26 March 1951
• There were two light railways opened and run by the HR:
  • 2 June 1902: the Dornoch Light Railway, again under the auspices of the Duke of Sutherland, 7. The Inverness and Perth Junction Railway was built to link the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway at Forres and Perth and Dunkeld Railway ultimately Buckie and Portessie Branch is an historic railway in Scotland. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway is an historic railway in Scotland. Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway is an historic railway in Scotland. Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway is an historic railway in Scotland. Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Inverness and Nairn Railway was a Railway worked by and later absorbed by the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway. Fortrose Branch is an historic railway in Scotland. History Authorisation was obtained on 4 July 1890 to build a 15 Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January The Dingwall and Skye Railway was authorised on 5 July 1865 with the aim to provide a route to Skye and the Herbrides Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Light railway refers to a Railway built at lower costs and to lower standards than typical "heavy rail" Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Dornoch Light Railway is an historic railway in Scotland that ran from The Mound on the Sutherland Railway to the county town of Sutherland Dornoch. 5 miles (12km), between The Mound and Dornoch;
  • 1 July 1903: The Wick and Lybster Light Railway, 13. Dornoch ( Gaelic: Dòrnach, d̪̊ɔːɾnəx is a town and Seaside resort, and former Royal burgh in the Highlands of Scotland "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting The Wick and Lybster Railway was a Light railway worked by and later absorbed by the Highland Railway in Caithness, Scotland following a coastal 5 miles (21. 6km). The line was abandoned on 3 April 1944. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• In 1921, the railway comprised 484 miles of line and the company’s capital stood at nearly £7 million. ^[1]

Company Officers

Chairman

1911 William Whitelaw

General Manager

• 1865-1896 Andrew Dougall
• 1896-1898 Charles Steel
• 1898-1910 Thomas Wilson
• 1911-1922 Robert Park

Chief Engineer

The Chief Engineer (CE) of the originally proposed Perth and Inverness Railway was Joseph Mitchell. He held the same post for the Inverness and Nairn Railway, the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway, the Inverness and Perth Junction Railway (that is the three that merged to form the Highland Railway). He relinquished the post in 1863. The work was then carried out by a private company (which just happened to be the one run by Mitchell), an arrangement that was terminated in June 1865 when the merger that formed the Highland Railway took effect.

June 1865 - 1869 J W Buttle (with title of 'Superintendent of Permanent Way'); later CEs included Peter Wilson 1870-1874; Murdoch Paterson 1875-1897; William Roberts 1898-1913 and Alexander Newlands 1914-1922.

Chief Mechanical Engineer

Inverness and Nairn railway

Start	End	Engineer	Notes
December 1854	May 1865	Alexander Allan	Worked through a local representative - his nephew William Barclay. Alexander Allan was born at Montrose Angus, Scotland. From 1843 to 1853 he was Works Manager at the Crewe Works of the Grand Junction Railway
May 1865	Dec 1865	David Jones	temporary appointment
Jan 1866	Jan 1870	William Stroudley
Jan 1870	1896	David Jones
1896	Dec 1911	Peter Drummond
Dec 1911	Aug 1915	Fredrick George Smith
Sept 1915	1922	Christopher Cumming
1922		D. David Jones ( 25 October 1834 - 2 December 1906) was Locomotive superintendent for the Highland Railway in William Stroudley ( 6 March 1833 &ndash 20 December 1889) was one of Britain's most famous steam locomotive engineers of the nineteenth century David Jones ( 25 October 1834 - 2 December 1906) was Locomotive superintendent for the Highland Railway in Peter Drummond (1850-1918 was a Scottish Locomotive Superintendent with the Highland Railway from 1896 to 1911 and with the Glasgow and South Western Railway Fredrick George Smith was the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Highland Railway from 1912 to 1915 C. Urie

See also

• Locomotives of the Highland Railway

References

Further reading

• The Railway Year Book for 1912, The Railway Publishing Company Ltd
• Conolly, W. The London Midland and Scottish Railway had the largest stock of steam locomotives of any of the 'Big Four' pre-Nationalisation railway companies Philip (2004). British Railways Pre-Grouping Atlas and Gazetteer. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0 7110 0320 3.  
• H. A. Vallance. The Highland Railway. ISBN 1-899863-07-9.
• (1921) Harmsworth’s Universal Encyclopedia.  

External links

• The Highland Railway Society
• The Highland Railway, includes a map of the system

The "Big Four" pre-nationalisation British railway companies v • d • e
█ Great Western • █ London Midland & Scottish • █ London & North Eastern • █ Southern
GWR constituents: Great Western Railway • Cambrian Railways • Taff Vale Railway Barry Railway • Rhymney Railway • (Full list) LNER constituents: Great Central • Great Eastern • Great Northern • Great North of Scotland Hull & Barnsley • North British • North Eastern • (Full list) LMS constituents: Caledonian • Furness • Glasgow & South Western • Highland Lancashire & Yorkshire • London and North Western • Midland • North Staffordshire • (Full list) SR constituents: London and South Western Railway • London, Brighton and South Coast Railway South Eastern Railway • London, Chatham and Dover Railway • (Full list)
See also: History of rail transport in Great Britain 1923 - 1947 • List of companies involved in the grouping

Major constituent railway companies of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway:

Caledonian | Furness | Glasgow & South Western | Highland | Lancashire & Yorkshire | London and North Western | Midland | North Staffordshire (Full list of constituents)

See also Rail transport in Great Britain, National Rail, Network Rail This article is about the defunct entity "British Railways" The Great Western Railway ( GWR) was a British railway company and a notable example of Civil engineering, linking London with the West London Midland for the new (2007 railway company The London Midland and Scottish Railway ( LMS) was a British Railway company The The Southern Railway (SR was a British railway company established in the 1923 Grouping. The Great Western Railway ( GWR) was a British railway company and a notable example of Civil engineering, linking London with the West Cambrian Railways owned 230 miles of track over a large area of mid- Wales. History On February 10 1804 a young engineer Richard Trevithick, drove the world's first ever steam locomotive along a track at the Penydarren ironworks near The Barry Railway Company was promoted by interests in coal mining and steel in the South Wales valleys as an alternative to the existing rail service to Cardiff docks in The Rhymney Railway was virtually a single stretch of main line some fifty miles in length by which the Rhymney Valley was connected to the docks at Cardiff in the The Great Western Railway (GWR was incorporated by Act of Parliament in 1835 and Nationalised on 1 January 1948. The Great Central Railway ( GCR) was a railway company in England which came into being when the Manchester Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway changed The Great Eastern Railway (GER was a pre-grouping British railway company whose main line linked London Liverpool The Great Northern Railway (GNR was a British railway company established by the London & York Railway Act of 1846 The Great North of Scotland Railway (GNSR/GNoSR was one of the smaller British railways before the grouping, operating in the far north-east of Scotland History The Hull and Barnsley Railway (H&BR was opened on 20 July 1885. The North British Railway was a Scottish railway company that was absorbed into the London and North Eastern Railway at the Grouping in 1923 The North Eastern Railway (NER unlike many other of the pre-Grouping companies had a relatively compact territory having the district it covered to itself The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER was formed out of a number of constituent railway companies at the grouping in 1923 The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish Railway company operating in Scotland The Furness Railway (Furness was a railway company operating in the Furness area of north-west England. The Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR one of the pre- grouping railway companies, served a triangular area of south-west Scotland, between Glasgow The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR was a major British railway company before the 1923 Grouping. The London and North Western Railway (LNWR L&NWR was a Railway company of the United Kingdom which existed between 1846 and 1922 The Midland Railway (MR was a Railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1844 to 1922 when it became part of the London Midland and Scottish The North Staffordshire Railway was a British Railway company formed in 1845 to promote a number of lines in the Staffordshire Potteries Constituent companies The following made up the London Midland and Scottish Railway as a result of the Railways Act 1921: Caledonian Railway The London and South Western Railway (L&SWR was a Railway company in England from 1838 to 1922 The London Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR (commonly known as "the Brighton line" was a Railway company in the United Kingdom from 1846 to 1923 For the railway in India see South Eastern Railway (India South Eastern Railway (SER was a railway company in the United Kingdom The London Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR was a railway company in south-eastern England from 1859 until the 1923 grouping which united it with other companies The Southern Railway in the United Kingdom was one of the "Big Four" railway companies set up after the 1923 Grouping. This article is part of a series on the History of rail transport in Great Britain The history of rail transport in Great Britain 1923 - 1947 covers the period Under the Railways Act 1921 the majority of the railway companies in Great Britain (and few in Northern Ireland were grouped into four main companies often termed the Big Four London Midland for the new (2007 railway company The London Midland and Scottish Railway ( LMS) was a British Railway company The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish Railway company operating in Scotland The Furness Railway (Furness was a railway company operating in the Furness area of north-west England. The Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR one of the pre- grouping railway companies, served a triangular area of south-west Scotland, between Glasgow The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR was a major British railway company before the 1923 Grouping. The London and North Western Railway (LNWR L&NWR was a Railway company of the United Kingdom which existed between 1846 and 1922 The Midland Railway (MR was a Railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1844 to 1922 when it became part of the London Midland and Scottish The North Staffordshire Railway was a British Railway company formed in 1845 to promote a number of lines in the Staffordshire Potteries Constituent companies The following made up the London Midland and Scottish Railway as a result of the Railways Act 1921: Caledonian Railway

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