| Highbury | |
  Highbury shown within Greater London |
|
| OS grid reference | |
|---|---|
| London borough | Islington |
| Ceremonial county | Greater London |
| Region | London |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | LONDON |
| Postcode district | N5 |
| Dialling code | 020 |
| Police | Metropolitan |
| Fire | London |
| Ambulance | London |
| European Parliament | London |
| UK Parliament | Islington North |
| London Assembly | North East |
| List of places: UK • England • London | |
Highbury is an area in the London Borough of Islington. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government The London Borough of Islington ( is a London borough in North and Inner London. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system The London postal district is the area in England, currently of 241 square miles to which mail addressed to the LONDON Post town is delivered UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The N (Northern postcode area, also known as the London N postcode area, is the part of the London postal district covering much of north London, The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. "Metropolitan Police" redirects here See also Metropolitan police. The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The London Fire Brigade ( LFB) is the statutory The London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (LAS is the largest "free at the point of contact" ambulance service in the world that does not directly charge its patients London is a Constituency of the European Parliament. It currently elects 9 MEPs using the D'Hondt method of Party-list proportional This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Islington North is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Greater London is divided into fourteen territorial constituencies for London Assembly elections each returning one member North East is a Constituency of the London Assembly. It is represented by Jennette Arnold who was directly elected at the 2004 London Assembly A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a partial list of places in London, England See List of places in England for lists of settlements in other counties A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The London Borough of Islington ( is a London borough in North and Inner London.
It lies between the following places:
- Finsbury Park, north of Highbury
- Holloway, west of Highbury
- Islington and Canonbury, south of Highbury
- Newington Green, east of Highbury
- Stoke Newington, north east of Highbury
Other nearest places:
The Arsenal Stadium, former home of Arsenal football club, was located in Highbury, and is often referred to by that name. For the nearby park of the same name see Finsbury Park. Finsbury Park is an area in north London, England which grew Holloway is an inner-city district in the London Borough of Islington and follows for the most part the line of the Holloway Road ( A1 road) Islington is the central district of the London Borough of Islington. Canonbury is a residential district in the London Borough of Islington in the north of London Newington Green is an open space in Islington, London that gives its name to the surrounding area Note For an area with a similar name see Newington, in the London Borough of Southwark. Barnsbury is an area of North London in the London Borough of Islington, in the N1 and N7 postal districts. Arsenal Stadium was a football stadium in Highbury, North London, which was the home ground of Arsenal Football Club between 6 September 1913 Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Arsenal F. C. have now moved to a new stadium at nearby Ashburton Grove. The Emirates Stadium is a football stadium located on Ashburton Grove in Holloway, North London, and the home of Arsenal Football Club since The Emirates Stadium is a football stadium located on Ashburton Grove in Holloway, North London, and the home of Arsenal Football Club since The old Highbury Stadium will be converted to residential buildings.
Contents |
History
Early Highbury
The area now known as Highbury was part of the larger manor of Tolentone, which is mentioned in the Domesday Book. This article is about the medieval system "Manors" redirects here The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey Tolentone was owned by Ranulf brother of Ilger and included all Islington, the areas north and east of Canonbury and Holloway Road. The manor house was situated by what is now the east side of Hornsey Road near the junction with Seven Sisters Road. After the manor decayed, a new manor house was built in 1271 (see below) to the south east; to differentiate it from the original manor and because it was on a hill, it was called Highbury, from which the area takes its name.
The site for Highbury manor was possibly used by a Roman garrison as a summer camp. Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and 410 During the construction of a new Highbury House in 1781, tiles were found that could have been Roman or Norman; unfortunately these have been lost. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France.
Highbury Manor
Ownership of Highbury eventually passed to Alicia de Barrow, who in 1271 gave it to the Priory of St John of Jerusalem, also known as the Knights Hospitallers in England. The Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St The Lord Prior, who was wealthy, built Highbury manor as a substantial stone built country lodging together with a grange and barn.
In 1381, during the Peasants' Revolt, Jack Straw led a mob of 20,000 rioters, who "so offended by the wealth and haughtiness" of the Knights Hospitallers, destroyed the manor house. Jack Straw (probably the same person as John Rackstraw) was one of the three leaders (together with John Ball and Wat Tyler) of the Peasants' Revolt The Lord Prior at the time, Robert Hales, who had taken refuge in the Tower of London, was captured and beheaded on Tower Hill. Sir Robert Hales (also called Robert de Hales) was born about 1325 in Hales Place High Halden, Kent, the son of Nicholas Hales Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Tower Hill is an elevated spot north-west of the Tower of London, just outside the limits of the City of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. Jack Straw and some of his followers used the site as a temporary headquarters; consequently the derelict manor became known for the next 500 years as Jack Straw’s Castle. This should not be confused with the better known Jack Straw’s Castle — formerly a pub and now residential flats — at Whitestone Ponds, Hampstead, which was named after the semi-legendary leader of the revolt. Hampstead is an area of London, England, located north-west of Charing Cross.
Highbury House
The Manor of Highbury remained the possession of the Knights of St John, until it was confiscated by Henry VIII in 1540. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of The land then stayed as crown property until Parliament began selling it in the 17th century. The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England.
John Dawes, a wealthy stockbroker, acquired the site of Jack Straw’s Castle together with 247 acres (1 km²) of surrounding land. A stock broker or stockbroker is a qualified and regulated professional who buys and sells shares and other securities through Market makers or In 1781 he built Highbury House at a cost of £10,000 on the spot where Highbury Manor had stood. Over the next 30 years the house was extended by new owners, firstly Alexander Aubert and then John Bentley, to include a large observatory and lavish gardens. Alexander Aubert, born 11 May 1730 in Austin Friars London and died 19 October 1805. An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial and/or celestial events
The grounds around Highbury House started to be sold off in 1794. By 1894 Highbury House and its remaining grounds became a school. Finally in 1938 Highbury House was demolished and is now the site of Eton House flats (on Leigh Road), built by the Old Etonian Housing Association in 1939.
Highbury Barn
After the Manor house had been destroyed in 1381, the grange and barn remained on the east side of the track that ran south to Hopping Lane, now St Paul’s Road, roughly on the line of Highbury Park / Highbury Grove (the A1201). In 1740 a small ale and cake house was opened in the Barn, Highbury.
In 1770 William Willoughby took over Highbury Barn and greatly increased its popularity. He expanded its size and facilities, taking over land and buildings from the farm next door, reaching beyond what is now Kelvin Road and created a bowling green, trap-ball grounds and gardens. Bat and trap is an ancient English ball game related to Cricket and played at country Pubs in the county of Kent. It could cater for company dinners of 2,000 people, concerts and dancing and became one of the most popular venues in London.
In 1854 events at the annual balls in the grounds of the Barn included the aeronaut Charles Green's balloon ascent. Aeronautics (from Greek aero which means air or sky and nautis which means sailor i Charles Green born in London 31 January 1785, died 26 March 1870, was the United Kingdom 's most famous balloonist By 1865 there was a huge dancing platform, a rebuilt theatre, high-wire acts, pantomime, music hall and the original Siamese twins. Pantomime (informally panto) (not to be confused with a Mime artist, referring to a theatrical performer of mime is a performance genre traditionally found The Barn became the victim of its own success. After a riot led by students from Bart’s Hospital in 1869, locals complained about the Barn’s increasingly riotous and bawdy clientele. St Bartholomew's Hospital, also known as Barts, is a hospital in Smithfield in the City of London, England. This led to a court case and in 1871 authorities revoked the Barn’s dancing licence.
Residential growth
By 1794 Highbury consisted of Highbury House and Highbury Hill House, Highbury Barn and the gated terraces of Highbury Terrace and Highbury Place, which had been built on land leased by John Dawes. Highbury may have stayed this way, as the plan was to create a 250 acre (1 km²) park – Albert Park – between St Paul's Road/Balls Pond Road and the Seven Sisters Road. Instead a 27. 5 acre (111,000 m²) site, which is now Highbury Fields was saved in 1869 and the 115 acre (465,000 m²) Finsbury Park were created. The rest of the area was developed.
The majority of the development of the area occurred in two phases; until the 1870s many large Italianate villas were built, mostly in the southern part of Highbury. A villa was originally an Upper-class Country house, though since its origins in Roman times the idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably After this time, development went down market with close packed mostly terraced houses being built, mainly in the north of Highbury. In Architecture and City planning, a terrace(d or row house or townhouse (though the latter term can also refer to Patio houses Available land continued to be in-filled with more housing until 1918, but little else changed until after World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
Highbury was bombed during the Blitz and again by V-1 flying bombs. The Blitz was the sustained bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941 in World War II. The Fieseler Fi 103, better known as V-1 (German Vergeltungswaffe 1 was an early Cruise missile used during World War Two For example, on June 27, 1944, a V-1 destroyed Highbury Corner, killing 26 people and injuring 150. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Highbury Corner had an impressive station and hotel; it was never rebuilt and was planted with trees and grass and is now the centre of a traffic roundabout. A roundabout is a type of Road junction at which Traffic enters a one-way stream around a central island A red plaque mounted on a building wall overlooking the roundabout, commemorates this event. A commemorative plaque, or simply plaque, is a plate of metal ceramic stone wood or other material typically attached to a wall stone or other vertical surface and bearing A roundabout is a type of Road junction at which Traffic enters a one-way stream around a central island
After the Second World War large-scale rebuilding in parts of Highbury replaced bombed buildings and provided new municipal housing. Some villas that had not been modernised were demolished to make way for yet more municipal housing; some buildings had to be listed to protect them. Following the property boom in the early 1980s, there has been some gentrification in the area and the council has begun selling some of the grand villas to private developers who have the finances to restore them, e. Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class g. in 2004 Islington council sold four buildings on Highbury New Park to developers for £1 million each.
Arsenal's move to Highbury
In 1913 Woolwich Arsenal Football Club moved north to Highbury, dropping Woolwich from its name. Woolwich (ˈwʊlɪtʃ or /ˈwʊlɪdʒ/ is a suburb in south-east London, England in the London Borough of Greenwich, on the south side of the River Their chairman Henry Norris took a 20 year lease on part of the grounds of St John’s Hall for £20,000. Henry Norris may refer to Sir Henry Norris (courtier, Groom of the Stool to Henry VIII alleged lover of Anne Boleyn (d The new Arsenal Stadium (also called Highbury) was built there. Arsenal Stadium was a football stadium in Highbury, North London, which was the home ground of Arsenal Football Club between 6 September 1913 St John’s Hall, originally called Highbury College (of Divinity), was built in 1825 on what is now Aubert Park and was a grand ionic stye building, reminiscent of the British Museum. The Ionic order column forms one of the three '''orders''' or '''organizational systems''' of Classical architecture, the other two canonic orders being the The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. St John’s Hall burnt down in 1946 and was replaced by a block of flats.
The club prospered and by 1925 had purchased the freehold. Arsenal's subsequent success made Highbury well known, although this had a depressing effect on nearby housing. In 2006 the club moved to a new stadium on the west side of Drayton Park in Holloway and the old ground and some of its stands were converted to residential dwellings. The Emirates Stadium is a football stadium located on Ashburton Grove in Holloway, North London, and the home of Arsenal Football Club since Holloway is an inner-city district in the London Borough of Islington and follows for the most part the line of the Holloway Road ( A1 road)
Highbury in the arts
Highbury was home to a movie/TV/recording studio, which was established at 65A Highbury New Park with a related training school next door in a disused church hall. The studios were built in 1890, originally as a music conservatoire, then a recording studio in 1926 for the Piccadilly label. In 1933 they became the Highbury (film) Studios and in 1945 they were acquired by the Rank Organisation. The Rank Organisation was a British Entertainment company formed in 1937 and absorbed in 1996 by The Rank Group Due to economic difficulties, Rank closed the studios down and they were demolished in 1960. Athenaeum Court, a block of flats, now occupies the site.
The following books and films feature parts of Highbury:
- The book A London Family 1870-1900 by Molly Hughes, ISBN 0-19-282896-7. In particular it mentions Highbury New Park.
- The film Killing Her Softly was partially filmed on Highbury New Park.
- The film Fever Pitch was filmed around the Arsenal stadium and along Highbury Hill. Fever Pitch (sometimes titled in the United States as Fever Pitch A Fan's Life) is the title of a 1992 Autobiographical book by
- The film Four Weddings and a Funeral begins with Hugh Grant trying to hail a taxi at Highbury Corner and ends in front of the houses that run along the edge of Highbury Fields. Four Weddings and a Funeral is a 1994 British Romantic comedy film directed by Mike Newell. Highbury Fields is an open space in Highbury, in the London Borough of Islington, England
- The film The Arsenal Stadium Mystery was filmed in and around the Arsenal stadium. The Arsenal Stadium Mystery is a 1939 British
- The poem Summoned by Bells by John Betjeman. Sir John Betjeman, CBE ( 28 August 1906 &ndash 19 May 1984 was an English poet writer and broadcaster who described himself in Who's Who This verse autobiography mentions Highbury several times, including St Saviours Church on Aberdeen Park, which he used to attend. St Saviours closed in 1980 and is now an art studio.
- Highbury is where the fictional comedy character Mr Bean lives.
- Writer Alan Moore recorded a 'beat seance' in and about Highbury, titled 'The Highbury Working'. Alan Moore (born November 18 1953 in Northampton) is an English Writer most famous for his influential work in Comics, including the acclaimed The Moon and Serpent Grand Egyptian Theatre of Marvels is the name of a group of occultists and performers including writer and magician Alan Moore, Bauhaus
- In the early 70's a drama was filmed by the BBC called "The House on Highbury Hill".
- Highbury is mentioned in Vanity Fair, the novel by William Makepeace Thackeray; in chapter 4, the Sedleys are said to be going "to dine with Alderman Balls, at Highbury Barn. "
Demographics
According to the 2001 census Highbury has a population of 21,959. It is 75% White, 11% Black and 6% Asian. 40% of Highbury's residences are owner-occupied. The area is considered as multi-ethnic part-gentrified.
Geography
Highbury is situated 4. 4 km north of London (Charing Cross). Charing Cross is located at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street in Central London, England. Its area is approximately 500 acres (2 km²).
Rail and tube stations
Nearest rail and tube stations:
- Arsenal tube station
- Canonbury railway station
- Drayton Park railway station
- Finsbury Park station
- Holloway Road tube station
- Highbury & Islington station
Famous residents
- Clive Anderson, television presenter and comedy writer. Arsenal tube station, in Highbury, north London, is a London Underground station near the former Arsenal Stadium, which was home of Arsenal Canonbury railway station is in the London Borough of Islington in North London. Drayton Park railway station is on the Network Rail Northern City Line which carries First Capital Connect services between Moorgate and Finsbury Park Station is a busy transport interchange in North London. Holloway Road is a station on the London Underground. It is on the Piccadilly Line between Caledonian Road and Arsenal stations and in Highbury & Islington station is a National Rail, London Overground and London Underground station in the London Borough of Islington in North Clive Anderson (born 10 December 1952) is a former Barrister, now famous for being a successful Comedy writer as well as a
- David Starkey, historian and television presenter. Not to be confused with David Starkey (maritime historian. David Robert Starkey CBE (born 3 January 1945)
- Mary Lilian Baels, who married King Leopold III of Belgium. Princess Lilian of Belgium ( born Mary Lilian Baels) ( November 28, 1916 &ndash June 7, 2002) was best known as Leopold III (born as Léopold Philippe Charles Albert Meinrad Hubertus Marie Miguel (French or Leopold Filips Karel Albert Meinrad Hubertus Maria Miguel
- Anna Popplewell, actress, famous most notable for The Chronicles of Narnia film series. Anna Katherine Popplewell (born 16 December 1988) is an English actress.
- Skandar Keynes, actor, The Chronicles of Narnia film series. Skandar Amin Casper Keynes (born 5 September 1991) is an English Actor.
- Jesse Birdsall, actor. Jesse Birdsall (born February 13 1963 in Highbury, London) is a British Actor, known in the UK for his starring roles in
- Charles Cruft, who started Crufts dog show, lived on Highbury Grove. For the United States general see Charles Cruft (general Charles Cruft ( 1852 - 10 September 1938) British showman Crufts is an annual international Championship Conformation show for Dogs organised and hosted by the Kennel Club (UK, currently held every March at the
- Joseph Chamberlain, politician; his boyhood home from 1845 to 1854 was no. Joseph Chamberlain ( 8 July 1836 &ndash 2 July 1914) was an influential British businessman politician and statesman 25 Highbury Place.
- Henry Lawson, Australian poet and author, lived in Paradise Lane off St James Rd and Holloway Rd, in 1901. Henry Lawson (17 June 1867 – 2 September 1922 was an Australian writer and poet For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
- Philip Fysh, Australian politician and Premier of Tasmania. Sir Philip Oakley Fysh, KCMG ( 1 March 1835 – 20 December 1919) was an Australian politician Premier of Tasmania For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Tasmania is an Australian island and state of the same name It is located south of the eastern side of the Continent, being separated from it by Bass
- Nick Hornby, writer. Nick Hornby (born 17 April 1957 in Redhill Surrey, England is an English Novelist and Essayist.
- Walter Sickert, painter; his studio from 1927 to 1934 was at no. Walter Richard Sickert ( May 31, 1860 in Munich, Germany &ndash January 22, 1942 in Bath, England 1 Highbury Place.
- Nick Robinson, BBC Political Editor
- Chas Smash, a member of Madness. Nicholas Anthony Robinson (born 5 October 1963 is the Political Editor of the BBC. Carl Smyth, also known as Chas Smash (born Cathal Joseph Patrick Smyth 14 January 1959 in the Middlesex Hospital, London, England) is Madness are an English pop / Ska band from Camden Town, London, that formed in 1976
- Jimmy Carr, comedian. James Anthony Patrick Carr Jr (born September 15, 1972 in Isleworth, London)
- Dom Howard, drummer, Muse
- Ainsley Harriott, famous chef and host. Dominic James Howard, or sometimes Dom Howard (born 7 December, 1977 in Stockport, England) is the Drummer for the In Greek mythology, the Muses ( Ancient Greek, hai moũsai: perhaps from the Proto-Indo-European root * men- "think" are Ainsley Harriott (born 28 February 1957 is an English Celebrity chef.
- Elaine Lordan, actress. Elaine Lordan (born 1966 in Islington, London, England) is a British actress
- Ed O'Brien, guitarist, Radiohead. Edward John O'Brien (born April 15, 1968, in Oxford, England) is a member of Radiohead. Radiohead
- Nan Youngman, artist and educationalist. Nancy Mayhew Youngman OBE, was an English painter and Educationalist: born Maidstone, Kent 28 June 1906 died Cambridge The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency
- Leona Lewis, singer, grew up here. Leona Louise Lewis (b 3 April 1985 is an English pop and R&B singer-songwriter and the winner of the third series of the United Kingdom television
- Simon Amstell, comedian and television presenter
References
- 2001 census for London Borough of Islington
- Mary COSH (1993), The Squares of Islington, Part II, p97-116, ISBN 0-9507532-6-2
- Tanis HINCHCLIFFE (1981), Highbury New Park: A Nineteenth-Century Middle-Class Suburb, in: The London Journal Vol 7, p29-44. Simon Marc Amstell (born 29 November 1979 is a BAFTA nominated award-winning English Comedian and Television presenter.
- John NELSON (1811), The History of Islington, p123-216, reprinted 1980, ISBN 0-85667-104-5
- John RICHARDSON (1988), Islington Past, p49-52, ISBN 0-948667-01-X
- Skandar Keynes, Actor, Most known for his role as Edmund Pevemsie in 'The Chronicles of Narnia'
External links
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