Herbert Alfred Vaughan (April 15, 1832 – June 19, 1903) was a British Catholic cardinal and Archbishop of Westminster. Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English Year 1832 ( MDCCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. The Archbishop of Westminster heads the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Westminster, in England.
He was born at Gloucester, the eldest son of Lieutenant-Colonel John Francis Vaughan, head of an old recusant (Roman Catholic) family, the Vaughans of Courtfield, Herefordshire. Gloucester (ˈɡlɒstɚ) is a city, district and County town of Gloucestershire in the South West region of England. In the History of England, recusancy was a term used to describe the statutory offence of not complying with and conforming to the Established church or Constitution Herefordshire was reconstituted both as a new Non-metropolitan district (effective 19th July 1996 and as a new County comprising the area of the His mother, a Catholic convert, Eliza Rolls from The Hendre, Monmouthshire, Wales, was intensely religious; and all five of the Vaughan family's daughters became nuns, while six of the eight sons took Holy Orders, becoming priests, with three of them being chosen as bishops: Roger became the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, Australia, and John became the titular bishop of Sebastopolis and auxiliary bishop in Salford. Ancient county See also Monmouthshire (historic The ancient county of Monmouthshire was formed from the Welsh Marches by the Laws in Wales In a general sense the term Holy Orders refers to those in the Christian religion who have been ordained in Apostolic Succession. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight Main article Bishop (Catholic Church A titular bishop is a bishop of the Catholic Church who is not in charge See also Bishop (Catholic Church An auxiliary bishop, in the Roman Catholic Church, is an additional bishop assigned to a Diocese because Herbert spent six years at Stonyhurst College, and was then sent to study with the Benedictines at Downside Abbey, near Bath, England, and subsequently at the Jesuit school of Brugelette, Belgium, which was afterwards relocated to Paris, France. Stonyhurst College is an independent, Roman Catholic school in the Jesuit tradition Benedictine refers to the Spirituality and Consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in The Basilica of St Gregory the Great at Downside commonly known as Downside Abbey, is a Roman Catholic Benedictine Monastery and Bath is a city in Somerset in the south west of England It is situated west of London and south-east of Bristol. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order Brugelette is a Walloon Municipality located in the Belgian province of Hainaut. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
In 1851 he went to Rome, Italy. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest After two years of study at the Accademia dei nobili ecclesiastici, where he became a friend and disciple of Henry Edward Manning, a Catholic convert who would become the second Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster following the Restoration of the Catholic Hierarchy in 1850. Henry Edward Manning ( July 15, 1808 - January 14, 1892) was an English Roman Catholic Archbishop and Cardinal
Herbert Vaughan took the Holy Orders at Lucca in 1854. Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near (but not on the Ligurian Sea On his return to England he became for a period Vice-President of St Edmund's College, at that time the chief seminary for candidates for the priesthood in the south of England. St Edmund's College is the oldest post- Reformation Roman Catholic school in England. Since childhood he had been filled with zeal for foreign missions, and he conceived the determination to found a great English missionary college to fit young priests for the work of evangelizing non-Christians abroad. A missionary is a member of a Religion who works to convert those who do not share the missionary's faith someone who proselytizes. With this object he made a great fund-raising trip to America in 1863, from which he returned with £11,000. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
St Joseph's Foreign Missionary College, Mill Hill Park, London, was opened in 1869. Mill Hill Missionaries (St Joseph's Society for Foreign Missions is a society of Catholic Missionaries founded in 1866. Mill Hill is a place in the London Borough of Barnet. It is a suburb situated 9 miles (14 London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Vaughan also became proprietor of the Tablet, and used its columns vigorously for proclaiming his message. The Tablet is an international Catholic weekly Newspaper, published in London In 1872 he was consecrated Bishop of Salford; during his time in that office he established St Bede's College. The Bishop of Salford is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford in the Province of Liverpool, known also on occasion St Bede's College, Manchester is an independent Catholic day school situated on Alexandra Road South in the Whalley Range area of the city In 1892 Vaughan succeeded Manning as Archbishop of Westminster, receiving the cardinal's hat in 1893. Vaughan was a man of very different type from his predecessor; he had none of the ultramontane Manning's intellectual finesse or his ardour for social reform, but he was an ecclesiastic of remarkably fine presence and aristocratic leanings, intransigent in theological policy, and in personal character simply devout.
It was his most cherished ambition to see before he died an adequate Westminster Cathedral, and he laboured untiringly to secure subscriptions, with the result that its foundation stone was laid in 1895, and that when he died at the age of 71, the building was so far complete that a Requiem was said there over his body before it was removed to its resting-place at Mill Hill Park. Westminster Cathedral in London, England, is the Mother church of the Roman Catholic community in England and Wales and the Metropolitan The Requiem (from Latin requiem, accusative case of requies, rest or Requiem Mass (informally a funeral Mass also known formally (in Latin as the It was later moved to the Cathedral.
In 1914, the Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School was founded in his memory in Holland Park, London. The Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School is a Roman Catholic voluntary-aided comprehensive school in Holland Park Kensington and Chelsea London Holland Park is a district and a public park in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, in west central London in England.
See also
- List of notable cardinals
- Catholic Church in Great Britain
- Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School
- Bernard Vaughan, his brother
- John Stephen Vaughan, his brother
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The following is an alphabetical list of cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church. The Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School is a Roman Catholic voluntary-aided comprehensive school in Holland Park Kensington and Chelsea London Bernard Vaughan (1847-1922 was an English Roman Catholic Clergyman brother of Herbert and John Stephen Vaughan John Stephen Vaughan (1853–?) was an English Roman Catholic bishop, brother of Bernard and Herbert Vaughan The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Life of Cardinal Vaughan, JG Snead Cox (2 vols. , London, 1910).
| Religious titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Henry Edward Cardinal Manning |
Archbishop of Westminster 1892–1903 |
Succeeded by Francis Bourne |
| Preceded by William Turner |
Bishop of Salford 1872–1892 |
Succeeded by John Bilsborrow |
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