Henry of Kalden or Henry Testa of Bappenheim was a ministerialis in the service of the German kings Henry VI, Philip, Otto IV, and Frederick II. Ministerialis (plural ministeriales) a post-classical Latin word used in English, meaning originally servitor, agent, in a This article lists the German monarchs, ruling over the territory of Germany from the creation of a separate Eastern Frankish Kingdom in 843 until the end of monarchy Henry VI (November 1165 – 28 September 1197) was King of Germany from 1190 to 1197 Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 to 1197 and King Philip of Swabia (1177 &ndash June 21, 1208) was king of Germany and duke of Swabia, the rival of the emperor Otto IV. Otto IV of Brunswick (1175 or 1176 – May 19, 1218) was one of two rival kings of the Holy Roman Empire from 1198 on sole king from 1208 on and emperor Frederick II ( December 26, 1194 &ndash December 13, 1250) of the Hohenstaufen dynasty was a Pretender to the title
He served Henry as marshal while the latter was yet just King of the Romans in his campaign of 1189–1190 to capture the Sicilian kingdom as his right by marriage to Constance. Marshal (also sometimes spelled marshall in American English, but not in British English) is a word used in several official titles of various branches King of the Romans ( Latin: Rex Romanorum) was the title used by the elected ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the Imperator futurus Constance of Sicily (1154 &ndash November 27, 1198) was the heiress of the Norman kings of Sicily and the wife of Henry VI Holy Roman Emperor Henry of Kalden invaded the Abruzzi, sacking Amiterno and Chieti before joining up with Roger, Count of Andria, and Richard, Count of Carinola, and entered Apulia. Roger, count of Andria and Great Chamberlain of Sicily was a claimant for the Sicilian throne after the death of William II in 1189 Apulia ( Italian: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east the Ionian Sea After several plundering expeditions, they took Corneto, but their rival, Tancred of Lecce, holed up in fortified Ariano. Tarquinia, formerly Corneto and in Antiquity Tarquinii, is an ancient city in the Province of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. Tancred (died February 20, 1194) was King of Sicily from 1189 to 1194 Ariano Irpino (formerly Ariano di Puglia or simply Ariano) is a municipality in the province of Avellino, in the Campania region of Intense summer heat and supply shortages caused the Germans under Henry of Kalden to leave the siege early, returning to Germany.
As marshal of the empire, Henry of Kalden was one of the leaders of the Third Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa. The Third Crusade (1189&ndash1192 also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 &ndash 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned
In 1194, when Henry VI finally subdued the peninsula and could invade Sicily, his marshal was with him. Henry of Kalden was sent to Catania, where he defeated a large resistance army, and sacked the city and took captive its bishop. Catania ( Greek: &ndash Katánē; Latin: Catăna and Catĭna; Arabic:
On 8 June 1208, Henry VI's brother and successor in Germany, Duke Philip of Swabia, was murdered out of rage by Otto, Count of Wittelsbach. Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Philip of Swabia (1177 &ndash June 21, 1208) was king of Germany and duke of Swabia, the rival of the emperor Otto IV. The Wittelsbach family is a European Royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. Henry of Kalden received permission from Pope Innocent III to track down and kill Otto to avenge his master's death. Pope Innocent III ( February 22, 1161 &ndash June 16, 1216) born Lotario de' Conti di Segni, was Pope from January Granted, Henry killed Otto at Oberndorf, on the Danube, near Regensburg, and cut of his head. Oberndorf (upper village may refer to the following places in Germany Oberndorf am Neckar, in the district of Rottweil Baden-Württemberg The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Regensburg ( also Ratisbon, Ratisbona Řezno originally Castra Regina) is a City (population 131000 in 2007 in Bavaria, Germany He then joined the side of the newly-crowned Emperor Otto IV, whose closest advisor he became, moulding an aggressive Sicilian policy. After the December 1212 coronation of Henry VI's son Frederick, however, the marshal returned to the Hohenstaufen fold.
Sources
- Annales Casinenses. Translated by G. A. Loud.
- Ottonis de Sancto Blasio Chronica. Translated by G. A. Loud.
- Ryccardi di Sancto Germano Notarii Chronicon. Translated by G. A. Loud.
- Norwich, John Julius. John Julius Cooper 2nd Viscount Norwich CVO (born 15 September 1929) is an English historian travel writer and television personality The Kingdom in the Sun 1130-1194. Longman: London, 1970. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
- Matthew, Donald. The Norman Kingdom of Sicily. Cambridge University Press: 1992. Cambridge University Press (known colloquially as CUP is a Publisher given a Royal Charter by Henry VIII in 1534 Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar)
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