Henry Norris Russell (October 25, 1877 – February 18, 1957) was an American astronomer who, along with Ejnar Hertzsprung, developed the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (1910). Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Historically Astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky while Astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena Ejnar Hertzsprung ( October 8, 1873, Copenhagen &ndash October 21, 1967, Roskilde) was a Danish chemist The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (usually referred to by the abbreviation H-R diagram or HRD, also known as a colour-magnitude diagram, or CMD Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting In 1923, working with Frederick Saunders, he developed RS coupling which is also known as LS coupling. In Quantum mechanics, the procedure of constructing Eigenstates of total angular momentum out of eigenstates of separate angular momenta is called angular momentum coupling
He co-wrote an influential two-volume textbook in 1927 with Raymond Smith Dugan and John Quincy Stewart: Astronomy: A Revision of Young’s Manual of Astronomy (Ginn & Co. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. John Quincy Stewart ( September 10 1894 &ndash March 19 1972) was an American Astrophysicist. , Boston, 1926–27, 1938, 1945). This became the standard astronomy textbook for about two decades. There were two volumes: the first was The Solar System and the second was Astrophysics and Stellar Astronomy. The textbook popularized the idea that a star's properties (radius, surface temperature, luminosity, etc. Luminosity has different meanings in several different fields of science ) were largely determined by the star's mass and chemical composition, which became known as the Vogt-Russell theorem (including Hermann Vogt who independently discovered the result). The Vogt-Russell theorem, named after Heinrich Vogt and Henry Norris Russell, states that The mass and the composition structure throughout a star uniquely determine its Since a star's chemical composition gradually changes with age (usually in a non-homogeneous fashion), stellar evolution results. Stellar evolution is the process by which a Star undergoes a sequence of radical changes during its lifetime
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Honors
Awards
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1921)
- Henry Draper Medal (1922)
- Bruce Medal (1925)
- Franklin Institute, Ben Franklin medal, 1934. The Gold Medal is the highest award of the Royal Astronomical Society. Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The Henry Draper Medal was established by the widow of Henry Draper, and is awarded by the U Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal is awarded every year by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific for outstanding lifetime contributions to Astronomy. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the science museum in Philadelphia For the Boston school see Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology.
Named after him
- Henry Norris Russell Lectureship of the American Astronomical Society
- Russell crater on the Moon
- Crater on Mars
- Asteroid 1762 Russell
- Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (with Ejnar Hertzsprung)
External links
Biographies
- DeVorkin, David H (2000). The Henry Norris Russell Lectureship is awarded each year by the American Astronomical Society in recognition of a lifetime of excellence in astronomical research The American Astronomical Society (AAS sometimes pronounced "double-A-S" is a US society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals Russell is the Lava -flooded remains of a lunar Impact crater. In the broadest sense the term impact crater can be applied to any depression natural or manmade resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with larger body Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but 1762 Russell is an Asteroid which was discovered at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn Indiana by the Indiana Asteroid Program. Henry Norris Russell: Dean of American Astronomers. Princeton University Press, 528 pages. ISBN 0-691-04918-1.
Obituaries
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