| Henry Melchior Muhlenberg | |
 Engraving of the Rev. Henry M. Muhlenberg |
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| Born | September 6, 1711 in Hanover, Germany |
|---|---|
| Died | October 7, 1787 in Trappe, Pennsylvania |
| Church | Pennsylvania Ministerium |
| Education | University of Halle |
| Title | Patriarch of the Lutheran church in America |
| Children | see Muhlenberg Family |
Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (an anglicanization of Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg) (September 6, 1711 – October 7, 1787), was a German Lutheran pastor, sent to North America as a missionary. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1711 ( MDCCXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Hanover (i ( haˈnoːfɐ on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony ( Niedersachsen Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Trappe is a Borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. Founding Germans had been arriving in North America since the mid-seventeeth century and they were particularly attracted to William Penn 's promise of religious freedom The Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg also referred to as MLU, is a public University in the cities of An American political religious and military dynasty The family descends from Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg / Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (1711-1787 a German immigrant noted Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1711 ( MDCCXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther A missionary is a member of a Religion who works to convert those who do not share the missionary's faith someone who proselytizes. Muhlenberg was integral to the founding of the first Lutheran church body, or denomination, in North America and is considered to be the patriarch of the Lutheran Church in the United States. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
Muhlenberg's family had a significant impact on colonial life in North America. An American political religious and military dynasty The family descends from Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg / Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (1711-1787 a German immigrant noted In addition to Henry Muhlenberg's role in the Lutheran church, his children became pastors, military officers, and politicians. Muhlenberg is commemorated in the liturgical calendar of the Lutheran Church on October 7. The Lutheran Calendar of Saints is a listing which details the primary annual festivals and events that are celebrated liturgically by the Lutheran Church Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar)
Contents |
Biography
He was born at Einbeck, in the German state of Hanover. Einbeck is a town in the district Northeim, in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Hanover (i ( haˈnoːfɐ on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony ( Niedersachsen He graduated from the Georg-August University of Göttingen in 1738. The University of Göttingen ( German: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) is a University in the city of Göttingen, Germany. He went on to become a teacher at Halle (Saale), where he also studied theology under Gotthilf Francke at the University of Halle. Halle is the largest city in the German State of Saxony-Anhalt. The Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg also referred to as MLU, is a public University in the cities of He entered the ministry in Germany. He served as assistant minister and director of the orphanage at Grosshennersdorf from 1739 to 1741. An orphanage is an institution devoted to the care of children whose parents are deceased or otherwise unable to care for them Großhennersdorf is a municipality in Görlitz district Free State of Saxony, Germany. [1]
The Lutheran Churches in Pennsylvania had largely been founded by lay ministers. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern These ministers were less than effective in keeping Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf from winning over a number of converts to the Moravian Church. Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf und Pottendorf, Imperial Count of Zinzendorf and Pottendorf, ( May 26, 1700 &ndash May 9, 1760 This page is about the Moravian Church globally For information about the church in a particular geographic area use the links at Organisation below They then sought formally trained clergy, and in 1742 Henry answered that call by immigrating to Philadelphia in response to an official request sent in 1732 by Pennsylvania Lutherans. Year 1742 ( MDCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Year 1732 ( MDCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a He arrived unheralded, and took charge of the congregation at Providence (Augustus Lutheran Church), in what is now Trappe, Pennsylvania, but he served as leader of a series of congregations from Maryland to New York. Augustus Lutheran Church, built during 1732-1745 in Trappe Pennsylvania, is the oldest unchanged Lutheran church building in the United States in continuous use by the Trappe is a Borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous He also worked to secure control over a number of pastors of dubious character and began the task of starting new congregations among the settlers of the region. [1] In 1748 he called together The Ministerium of Pennsylvania, the first permanent Lutheran synod in America. Year 1748 ( MDCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Founding Germans had been arriving in North America since the mid-seventeeth century and they were particularly attracted to William Penn 's promise of religious freedom A synod (also known as a council) is a council of a church, usually a Christian church convened to decide an issue of doctrine administration or application He helped to prepare a uniform liturgy that same year, and also put together basic tenets for an ecclesiastical constitution which most of the churches adopted in 1761. A liturgy is the customary public worship done by a specific religious group according to their particular traditions Year 1761 ( MDCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Also, much of the work for a hymnal published by the Ministerium in 1786 was his own. A hymn is a type of Song, usually religious specifically written for the purpose of praise adoration or Prayer, and typically addressed to a deity/deities
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He frequently traveled beyond the three congregations assigned to him, traveling from New York to Georgia over the course of his forty-five years of active ministry. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther The Luther seal or Luther rose is a widely-recognized symbol for Lutheranism. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time Lutheran Orthodoxy was an era in the history of Lutheranism, which began in 1580 from the writing of the Book of Concord and ended at the Age of Enlightenment Pietism was a movement within Lutheranism, lasting from the late 17th century to the mid-18th century and later Neo-Lutheranism was a 19th century revival movement within Lutheranism which began as a reaction against theological rationalism and Pietism. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section.2 This article is written in British English including maximised use of "-ise" Dietrich Bonhoeffer ˈdiːtrɪç ˈboːnhøfɐ ( February 4, 1906 &ndash April 9, 1945) was a German Lutheran Albert Schweitzer, MD, OM, (January 14 1875 &ndash September 4 1965 was an Alsatian theologian, Musician, Philosopher Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (ˈsœːɐn ˈkʰiɐ̯kəˌɡ̊ɒˀ in Danish Anglicized as;) Philipp Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerd) ( February 16, 1497 &ndash April 19, 1560) was a German professor and theologian Paul Gerhardt ( March 12, 1607 – May 27, 1676) was a German Hymn writer Trygve Halvdan Lie ( ( July 16, 1896 &ndash December 30, 1968) was a Norwegian politician Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld ( (29 July 1905 &ndash 18 September 1961 was a Swedish Diplomat, Christian mystic, and the second Secretary-General Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther ( October 25 1811 – May 7 1887) was the first President of the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod Martin Chemnitz ( November 9 1522 &ndash April 8 1586) was an eminent second-generation Lutheran theologian, reformer The Book of Concord or Concordia (1580 is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal The Augsburg Confession, also known as the "Augustana" from its Latin name Confessio Augustana is the primary confession of faith of the Lutheran The Smalcald Articles or Schmalkald Articles (Schmalkaldische Artikel are a summary of Lutheran doctrine written by Martin Luther in 1537 for a meeting The Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope ( 1537) ( Latin, Tractatus de Potestate et Primatu Papae The Tractate Luther's Large Catechism consisted of works written by Martin Luther and compiled Christian canonical texts, published in April of 1529. Luther's Small Catechism was written by Martin Luther and published in 1529 for the training of children Formula of Concord ( 1577) ( Latin: Formula concordiae, " Harmony Concord " also the " Bergic Book " is an authoritative The term Evangelical Catholic is used by Christian believers who consider themselves both " Catholic " and " evangelical. The relationship between God's Law and the Gospel is a major topic in Lutheran and Reformed theology Sola scriptura ( Latin ablative, "by scripture alone" is the assertion that the Bible as God's written word is self-authenticating Sola gratia is one of the Five solas propounded to summarise the Reformers' basic beliefs during the Protestant Reformation; it is a Latin term Sola fide ( Latin: by Faith alone also historically known as the doctrine of justification by faith is a doctrine that distinguishes most In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted The confession of one's Sins is a religious practice important to many faiths e The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those Sacramental union ( Latin, unio sacramentalis; German, sakramentliche Einigkeit) is the Lutheran theological Doctrine The name Agenda (“Things to be Done” Germ. Agende or Kirchenagende) is given particularly in the Lutheran Church, to the official books Divine Service is the term used in the Eastern Orthodox Church to describe the daily cycle of public services celebrated in the Temple (church building The Lutheran liturgical calendar is a listing which details the primary annual festivals and events that are celebrated liturgically by various Lutheran churches The International Lutheran Council is a worldwide association of confessional Lutheran denominations The Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference (CELC is the successor to the Evangelical Lutheran Synodical Conference of North America except that it is international Laestadianism is a conservative Lutheran revival movement started in the middle of the 19th century This is a list of Lutheran denominations grouped by affiliation with international Lutheran bodies New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule During this time, he ministered by his preaching not only to the German populations he was assigned to, but to colonists from the Netherlands and England as well, in their native languages. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland [1] The respect many of his colleagues held for him often caused them to request his assistance in arbitrating disputes between Lutherans, or in some cases with other religious groups.
He also worked to recruit new ministers from Europe and to develop a greater number of ministers from the local population.
He was eventually forced by poor health into more limited activity and retirement. He eventually died at his home in Trappe, Pennsylvania. Trappe is a Borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States.
Dynasty
Muhlenberg married Anna Maria Weiser, the daughter of Conrad Weiser, in 1745. Johann Conrad Weiser ( November 2, 1696 – July 13, 1760) was a German Pennsylvanian pioneer farmer monk tanner Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The couple had eleven children, and in so doing founded the Muhlenberg Family dynasty. An American political religious and military dynasty The family descends from Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg / Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (1711-1787 a German immigrant noted Of their children three of his sons entered the ministry yet became prominent in other fields as well. Muhlenberg himself was very loyal to the House of Hanover, and worked to stay neutral during the American Revolution. The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) is a Germanic royal Dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" One of his sons, though, Peter became a Major General in the Continental Army during the American Revolution and then entered Congress. John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg ( October 1, 1746 &ndash October 1, 1807) was a clergyman a Soldier and a Politician Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries The American Continental Army was an Army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America Frederick served as the first Speaker of the House in the U. S. Congress. Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg ( January 1 1750 – June 4 1801) was an American minister and politician The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is the presiding officer&mdashor speaker &mdashof the United States House of Representatives. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Henry Jr. became pastor of the Zion Lutheran Church at Oldwick, New Jersey. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. Henry Ernst was an early American scientist, and the first president of Franklin (now Franklin & Marshall) College. Gotthilf Heinrich Ernst Muhlenberg (1753-1815 was an American clergyman and botanist son of Heinrich Melchior Muhlenberg, born at Trappe, Pennsylvania Franklin & Marshall College (abbreviated as " F&M " is a four-year private co-educational liberal arts college in Lancaster Pennsylvania. Several of Henry and Maria's daughters also deserve mention. Elisabeth was married to General Francis Swaine, and Sarah to Congressman Mathias Richards. Eve married Emmanuel Shulze, and their son John Andrew Schulze became Governor of Pennsylvania. John Andrew Shulze ( July 19, 1774 - November 18, 1852) A Pennsylvania political leader and sixth Governor of Pennsylvania Governors Pennsylvania was one of the original Thirteen colonies, and was admitted as a state on December 12 1787
Legacy
He is commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church on October 7 each year. The Lutheran Calendar of Saints is a listing which details the primary annual festivals and events that are celebrated liturgically by the Lutheran Church Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar)
A larger than life monument of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg entitled "Man of Vision", sculpted by American artist Stanely Wanlass, can be seen at Allentown, Pennsylvania's Muhlenberg College, which is named for Muhlenberg. For the song by Billy Joel, see " Allentown (song." For the neighborhood in Pittsburgh Muhlenberg College is a private liberal arts college located in Allentown, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Lake Muhlenberg, located near the Muhlenberg campus in Allentown, also is named for Muhlenberg. Lake Muhlenberg (sometimes called Muhlenberg Lake is a Lake located in west-side Allentown Pennsylvania, off of Cedar Crest Boulevard, in the Lehigh
Notes
- ^ a b c Bowden, Henry Warner. Dictionary of American Religious Biography. Westport, CT:Greenwood Press, 1977. ISBN 0-8371-8906-3.
References
Bowden, Henry Warner. Dictionary of American Religious Biography. Westport, CT:Greenwood Press, 1977. ISBN 0-8371-8906-3.
External links
- Wolf, Edmund Jacob. The Lutherans in America; a story of struggle, progress, influence and marvelous growth. New York: J. A. Hill, 1889.
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