Henry III
King of England; Lord of Ireland (more...)
Tomb effigy of Henry III
Reign	18-19 October 1216 - 16 November 1272
Coronation	28 October 1216, Gloucester 17 May 1220, Westminster Abbey
Predecessor	John
Regent	William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1216–1219) Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent (1219–1227)
Successor	Edward I
Consort	Eleanor of Provence
Issue
Edward I Margaret, Queen of Scots Beatrice, Duchess of Brittany Edmund "Crouchback", 1st Earl of Leicester and Lancaster
Detail Titles and styles
The King Henry Plantagenet
Royal house	House of Plantagenet
Father	John "Lackland"
Mother	Isabella of Angouleme
Born	1 October 1207(1207-10-01) Winchester Castle, Hampshire
Died	16 November 1272 (aged 65) Westminster, London
Burial	Westminster Abbey, London

Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272) was the son and successor of John "Lackland" as King of England, reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 to his death. The precise style of British Sovereigns has varied over the years Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine Gloucester (ˈɡlɒstɚ) is a city, district and County town of Gloucestershire in the South West region of England. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death William Marshal 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 &ndash 14 May 1219) also called William the Marshal (Guillaume le Maréchal was an Anglo Norman soldier Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost Eleanor of Provence (c 1223 &ndash 26 June 1291 was Queen Consort of King Henry III of England. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost Margaret of England ( September 29, 1240 &ndash February 26, 1275) was a medieval English Princess who became Edmund Crouchback 1st Earl of Lancaster ( January 16, 1245 &ndash June 5, 1296) was the second surviving son of Eleanor of Provence A royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation or Family name of sorts used by Royalty. The House of Plantagenet (planˈtadʒɪnɪt also called the House of Anjou, or the First Angevin dynasty, was originally a noble John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death Isabella of Angoulême ( Fr Isabelle d'Angoulême; (1188 &ndash May 31, 1246) was Countess of Angoulême and Queen consort Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Winchester or Winton ( archaic) is a historic city in southern England, with a population of around 40000 within a radius of its centre Wildlife Hampshire has wildlife typical of the island of Great Britain Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death The Kings of Wessex, who conquered Kent and Sussex from Mercia in 825 became increasingly dominant over the other kingdoms of England during Mediaeval English monarchs did not use numbers after their names, and his contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Ethelred the Unready. Ethelred II ( c. 968 – 23 April 1016 also known as Æthelred II, Aethelred II, Ethelred the Unready, Æthelred the Unready Despite his long reign, his personal accomplishments were slim and he was a political and military failure. England, however, prospered during his century and his greatest monument is Westminster, which he made the seat of his government and where he expanded the abbey as a shrine to Edward the Confessor. Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. King Edward the Confessor (c 1003 &ndash 5 January 1066 son of Ethelred the Unready, was the penultimate Anglo-Saxon King of England and the last

He assumed the crown under the regency of the popular William Marshal, but the England he inherited had undergone several drastic changes in the reign of his father. William Marshal 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 &ndash 14 May 1219) also called William the Marshal (Guillaume le Maréchal was an Anglo Norman soldier He spent much of his reign fighting the barons over the Magna Carta and the royal rights, and was eventually forced to call the first "parliament" in 1264. Magna Carta ( Latin for Great Charter, literally " Great Paper " also called Magna Carta Libertatum ( Great Charter of Freedoms The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England. He was also unsuccessful on the Continent, where he endeavoured to re-establish English control over Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine. Normandy (Normandie Norman: Normaundie) is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. Anjou is a former County (c 880) Duchy ( 1360) and province centred on the city of Angers in the lower Aquitaine (Aquitània Akitania archaic Guyenne / Guienne (Occitan Guiana) is one of the 26 Regions of France, in the south-western part of

Coronation

Henry III was born in 1207 at Winchester Castle. Winchester Castle, is a Castle in England in the city of Winchester, in the county of Hampshire, built in 1067 He was the son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême. Isabella of Angoulême ( Fr Isabelle d'Angoulême; (1188 &ndash May 31, 1246) was Countess of Angoulême and Queen consort After his father's death in 1216, Henry, who was nine at the time, was hastily crowned in Gloucester Cathedral; he was the first child monarch since the Norman invasion of England in 1066. A coronation is a ceremony marking the investiture of a Monarch with regal power specifically involving the placement of a crown upon his or her head and the Gloucester Cathedral, or the Cathedral Church of St Peter and the Holy and Undivided Trinity, in Gloucester, England, stands in the north of the city The coronation was a simple affair, attended by only a handful of noblemen and three bishops. None of his father's executors was present, and in the absence of a crown a simple golden band was placed on the young boy's head, not by the Archbishop of Canterbury (who was at this time supporting Prince Louis of France, the newly-proclaimed king of England) but rather by the Bishop of Gloucester. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the Louis VIII the Lion ( 5 September 1187 – 8 November 1226) reigned as King of France from 1223 to 1226 This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Bishop of Gloucester is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Gloucester in the Province of Canterbury. In 1220, a second coronation was ordered by Pope Honorius III who did not consider that the first had been carried out in accordance with church rites. Pope Honorius III (1148 &ndash March 18 1227) born Cencio, was Pope from 1216 to 1227 This occurred on 17 May 1220 in Westminster Abbey. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church ^[1]

Under John's rule, the barons had supported an invasion by Prince Louis because they disliked the way that John had ruled the country. Baron is a specific Title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and Latin (liber The First Barons' War ( 1215 &ndash 1217) was a combination of a Civil war in the Kingdom of England between on the one hand the forces of However, they quickly saw that the young prince was a safer option. Henry's regents immediately declared their intention to rule by Magna Carta, which they proceeded to do during Henry’s minority. A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor Magna Carta ( Latin for Great Charter, literally " Great Paper " also called Magna Carta Libertatum ( Great Charter of Freedoms Magna Carta was reissued in 1217 as a sign of goodwill to the barons and the country was ruled by regents until 1227.

Attitudes and beliefs during his reign

Henry III of England - Illustration from Cassell's History of England - Century Edition - published circa 1902

As Henry reached maturity he was keen to restore royal authority, looking towards the autocratic model of the French monarchy. List of Queens and Empresses of France Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below Henry married Eleanor of Provence and he promoted many of his French relatives to higher positions of power and wealth. Eleanor of Provence (c 1223 &ndash 26 June 1291 was Queen Consort of King Henry III of England. For instance, one Poitevin, Peter des Riveaux, held the offices of Treasurer of the Household, Keeper of the King's Wardrobe, Lord Privy Seal, and the sheriffdoms of twenty-one English counties simultaneously. Poitou was a province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers. Peter de Rivaux (d 1262) was an influential Poitevin courtier at the court of Henry III of England. The position of Treasurer of the Household is theoretically held by a household official of the British monarch under control of the Lord Steward's Department but is in fact The Lord Privy Seal or Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom ranking beneath the SHERIFF is a telecom fraud detection and management system originally developed by BT and MCI. Henry's tendency to govern for long periods with no publicly-appointed ministers who could be held accountable for their actions and decisions did not make matters any easier. Many English barons came to see his method of governing as foreign.

Henry was much taken with the cult of the Anglo-Saxon saint king Edward the Confessor who had been canonised in 1161. Anglo-Saxon monarchs were the rulers of the various kingdoms which arose in England following the withdrawal of the Romans in the fifth century King Edward the Confessor (c 1003 &ndash 5 January 1066 son of Ethelred the Unready, was the penultimate Anglo-Saxon King of England and the last Told that St Edward dressed austerely, Henry took to doing the same and wearing only the simplest of robes. A robe is a loose-fitting outer garment. A robe is distinguished from a Cape or Cloak by the fact that it usually has Sleeves The English He had a mural of the saint painted in his bedchamber for inspiration before and after sleep and even named his eldest son Edward. A mural is a Painting on a wall ceiling or other large permanent surface A bedroom is a large Room where people usually sleep for the night and/or for relaxation during the day Henry designated Westminster, where St Edward had founded the abbey, as the fixed seat of power in England and Westminster Hall duly became the greatest ceremonial space of the kingdom, where the council of nobles also met. Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. Henry appointed French architects from Rheims to renovate Westminster Abbey in the Gothic style. Reims (alternative English spelling Rheims; riːmz in English and /ʁɛ̃s/ in French) is a city of the Champagne-Ardenne région of northern The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Work began, at great expense, in 1245. The centrepiece of Henry's renovated abbey was to be a shrine to Edward the Confessor. It was finished in 1269 and the saint's relics were then installed.

English Royalty
House of Plantagenet
Armorial of Plantagenet
Henry III
Edward I Longshanks
Margaret, Queen of Scots
Beatrice, Duchess of Brittany
Edmund, Earl of Lancaster

Henry was known for his anti-Jewish decrees, such as a decree compelling them to wear a special "badge of shame" in the form of the Two Tablets. TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy The House of Plantagenet (planˈtadʒɪnɪt also called the House of Anjou, or the First Angevin dynasty, was originally a noble Family chief Heirs cadets House of Lancaster House of York Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost Margaret of England ( September 29, 1240 &ndash February 26, 1275) was a medieval English Princess who became Edmund Crouchback 1st Earl of Lancaster ( January 16, 1245 &ndash June 5, 1296) was the second surviving son of Eleanor of Provence A badge of shame, also a symbol of shame, mark of shame, or simply a stigma, is typically a distinctive mark or token on a person deemed as worthy Henry was extremely pious and his journeys were often delayed by his insistence on hearing Mass several times a day. Mass is a fundamental concept in Physics, roughly corresponding to the Intuitive idea of how much Matter there is in an object He took so long to arrive on a visit to the French court that his brother-in-law, King Louis IX of France, banned priests from Henry's route. On one occasion, as related by Roger of Wendover, when King Henry met with papal prelates, he said, "If (the prelates) knew how much I, in my reverence of God, am afraid of them and how unwilling I am to offend them, they would trample on me as on an old and worn-out shoe. Roger of Wendover (died May 6, 1236) probably a native of Wendover in Buckinghamshire "

Criticisms

Henry's advancement of foreign favourites, notably his wife's Savoyard uncles and his own Lusignan half-siblings, was unpopular with his subjects and barons. In historical writings when used in reference to a person favourite ( British English and the English of Commonwealth Countries or favorite ( American The Lusignan family originated in the Poitou near Lusignan in western France in the early 10th century. He was also extravagant and avaricious; when his first child, Prince Edward, was born, Henry demanded that Londoners bring him rich gifts to celebrate. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost He even sent back gifts that did not please him. Matthew Paris reports that some said, "God gave us this child, but the king sells him to us. Matthew Paris (c 1200 &ndash 1259 was a Benedictine monk English chronicler, artist in Illuminated manuscripts and Cartographer "

Henry III lands in Aquitaine, from a later (15th century) illumination. (Bibliothèque Nationale, MS fr. 2829, folio 18)

Wars and rebellions

In 1244, when the Scots threatened to invade England, King Henry III visited York Castle and ordered it rebuilt in stone. York Castle (also known as Clifford's Tower) is a fortification in the city of York, England. The work commenced in 1245, and took some 20 to 25 years to complete. The builders crowned the existing moat with a stone keep, known as the King's Tower.

Henry's reign came to be marked by civil strife as the English barons, led by Simon de Montfort, demanded more say in the running of the kingdom. Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester (1208 – August 4, 1265) was the principal leader of the Baronial opposition to King Henry III of England French-born de Montfort had originally been one of the foreign upstarts so loathed by many as Henry's foreign councillors; after he married Henry’s sister Eleanor, without consulting Henry, a feud developed between the two. Their relationship reached a crisis in the 1250s when de Montfort was brought up on spurious charges for actions he took as lieutenant of Gascony, the last remaining Plantagenet land across the English Channel. Gascony (Gascogne gaskɔɲ Gascon Occitan: Gasconha, pronounced) is an area of southwest France that constituted a province of France He was acquitted by the Peers of the realm, much to the King's displeasure. Peer of the Realm is a term for a member of the (aristocratic highest social order (not considering the ruling dynasty in a kingdom notably a member of the Peerage

Henry also became embroiled in funding a war in Sicily on behalf of the Pope in return for a title for his second son Edmund, a state of affairs that made many barons fearful that Henry was following in the footsteps of his father, King John, and needed to be kept in check, too. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. Pope Innocent IV, born Sinibaldo Fieschi was Pope from June 28, 1243 to December 7, 1254. Edmund Crouchback 1st Earl of Lancaster ( January 16, 1245 &ndash June 5, 1296) was the second surviving son of Eleanor of Provence John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death De Montfort became leader of those who wanted to reassert Magna Carta and force the king to surrender more power to the baronial council. Magna Carta ( Latin for Great Charter, literally " Great Paper " also called Magna Carta Libertatum ( Great Charter of Freedoms In 1258, seven leading barons forced Henry to agree to the Provisions of Oxford, which effectively abolished the absolutist Anglo-Norman monarchy, giving power to a council of fifteen barons to deal with the business of government and providing for a thrice-yearly meeting of parliament to monitor their performance. The Provisions of Oxford were installed in 1258 by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester; these documents are often regarded as England's first written The Anglo-Normans were mainly the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William of Normandy in 1066, although The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England. Henry was forced to take part in the swearing of a collective oath to the Provisions of Oxford. The Provisions of Oxford were installed in 1258 by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester; these documents are often regarded as England's first written

In the following years, those supporting de Montfort and those supporting the king grew more and more polarised. Henry obtained a papal bull in 1262 exempting him from his oath and both sides began to raise armies. The Royalists were led by Prince Edward, Henry's eldest son. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost Civil war, known as the Second Barons' War, followed. The Second Barons' War ( 1264 &ndash 1267) was a Civil war in England between the forces of a number of rebellious Barons led by

The charismatic de Montfort and his forces had captured most of southeastern England by 1263, and at the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, Henry was defeated and taken prisoner by de Montfort's army. The Battle of Lewes was one of two main Battles of the conflict known as the Second Barons' War. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the While Henry was reduced to being a figurehead king, de Montfort broadened representation to include each county of England and many important towns—that is, to groups beyond the nobility. Henry and Edward continued under house arrest. The short period that followed was the closest England was to come to complete abolition of the monarchy until the Commonwealth period of 1649–1660 and many of the barons who had initially supported de Montfort began to suspect that he had gone too far with his reforming zeal. A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or The Commonwealth of England was the Republican government which ruled first England (including Wales) and then Ireland and Scotland

The tomb of King Henry III in Westminster Abbey, London

But only fifteen months later Prince Edward had escaped captivity (having been freed by his cousin Roger Mortimer) to lead the royalists into battle again and he turned the tables on de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. Background Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester, had gained a dominant position in the government of the Kingdom of England after his victory at the Following this victory savage retribution was exacted on the rebels.

Death

Henry's reign ended when he died in 1272, after which he was succeeded by his son, Edward I. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost His body was laid, temporarily, in the tomb of Edward the Confessor while his own sarcophagus was constructed in Westminster Abbey. The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church

Appearance

According to Nicholas Trevet, Henry was a thickset man of medium height with a narrow forehead and a drooping left eyelid (inherited by his son, Edward I). Nicholas Trivet (or Trevet, as he himself wrote (c 1257&ndashc Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost

Ancestors

Marriage and children

Married on 14 January 1236, Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, to Eleanor of Provence, with at least five children born:

1. Edward I (b. John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death Matilda of England (sometimes Maud or Maude; 7 February 1102 &ndash 10 September 1167 was the daughter and dispossessed Heir of Henry I of England For other Eleanors of England see Eleanor of England (disambiguation Eleanor Duchess of Aquitaine (1122&ndash1 April 1204 Aenor of Châtellerault duchess of Aquitaine ( Châtellerault, Vienne France, c Isabella of Angoulême ( Fr Isabelle d'Angoulême; (1188 &ndash May 31, 1246) was Countess of Angoulême and Queen consort Peter of Courtenay was the youngest son of Louis VI of France and his second Queen consort Adélaide de Maurienne Events 1129 - Formal approval of the Order of the Templar at the Council of Troyes. Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, is one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England and forms part of a Canterbury ( ˈkæntəbɹ̩i is a City in eastern Kent in the South East region of England. KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format Eleanor of Provence (c 1223 &ndash 26 June 1291 was Queen Consort of King Henry III of England. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost 17 January 1239 - d. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca 8 July 1307)
2. Margaret (b. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Margaret of England ( September 29, 1240 &ndash February 26, 1275) was a medieval English Princess who became 29 September 1240 - d. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. 26 February 1275), married King Alexander III of Scotland
3. Beatrice (b. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Alexander III ( Medieval Gaelic: Alaxandair mac Alaxandair; Modern Gaelic Alasdair mac Alasdair) (4 September 1241 – 19 March 1286 King of Scots 25 June 1242 - d. Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians 24 March 1275), married to John II, Duke of Brittany
4. Edmund (16 January 1245 - d. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland John II (in Breton Yann II, in French Jean II de Dreux) (1239 &ndash November 18 1305) was Duke of Brittany and Earl of Richmond Edmund Crouchback 1st Earl of Lancaster ( January 16, 1245 &ndash June 5, 1296) was the second surviving son of Eleanor of Provence Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. 5 June 1296)
5. Katharine (b. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem 25 November 1253 - d. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the 3 May 1257), deafness was discovered at age 2. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João [1]

There is reason to doubt the existence of several attributed children of Henry and Eleanor.

• Richard (b. after 1247 - d. before 1256),
• John (b. after 1250 - d. before 1256), and
• Henry (b. after 1253 - d. young)

Are known only from a 14th century addition made to a manuscript of Flores historiarum, and are nowhere contemporaneously recorded. The Flores Historiarum ( Flowers of History) is a Latin Chronicle dealing with English history from the creation to

• William (b. and d. ca. 1258) is an error for the nephew of Henry's half-brother, William de Valence.

Another daughter, Matilda, is found only in the Hayles abbey chronicle, alongside such other fictitious children as a son named William for King John, and a bastard son named John for King Edward I. John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost Matilda's existence is doubtful, at best. For further details, see Margaret Howell, The Children of King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence (1992).

Personal details

• His Royal Motto was qui non dat quod habet non accipit ille quod optat (He who does not give what he has, does not receive what he wants).
• His favorite wine was made with the Loire Valley red wine grape Pineau d'Aunis which Henry first introduced to England in the thirteenth century. Loire Valley (Vallée de la Loire is known as the Garden of France and the Cradle of the French Language. Pineau d'Aunis is a red Wine Grape that is grown primarily in the Loire Valley around Anjou and Touraine. ^[2]
• He built a Royal Palace in the town of Cippenham, Slough, Berkshire named "Cippenham Moat". Cippenham is a suburb of the Unitary authority of Slough in the County of Berkshire, England. Slough ( ˈslaʊ is a Borough and Unitary authority within the ceremonial county of Berkshire, England. Berkshire (ˈbɑːkʃə or /ˈbɑːkʃɪə/ say Baak-shuh/-sheer sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a Home County in the South Cippenham Moat refers to the remains of a 13th Century Royal Palace created by King Henry III ( Plantagenet), located in the Cippenham suburb
• In 1266, Henry III of England granted the Lübeck and Hamburg Hansa a charter for operations in England, which contributed to the emergence of the Hanseatic League. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade

Fictional portrayals

In The Divine Comedy Dante sees Henry ("the king of simple life") sitting outside the gates of Purgatory with other contemporary European rulers. The Divine Comedy See also Intermediate state Limbo|Heaven|Sheol|Hades in Christianity|Hell in Christianity Purgatory, in the original sense is the condition or process of purification

Henry is a prominent character in Sharon Penman's historical novel Falls the Shadow; his portrayal is very close to most historical descriptions of him as weak and vacillating. Sharon Kay Penman (b August 13, 1945 in New York) is an American Historical novelist of Anglo-Irish ancestry An historical novel is a Novel in which the story is set among historical events or more generally in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the Author

Henry has been portrayed on screen as a child by Dora Senior in the silent short King John (1899), a version of John's death scene from Shakespeare's King John, and by Rusty Livingstone in the BBC Shakespeare The Life and Death of King John (1984). William Shakespeare ( baptised The Life and Death of King John, a history play by William Shakespeare, dramatizes the reign of King John of England (ruled 1199&ndash1216 He was portrayed as an adult by Richard Bremmer in Just Visiting (2001), a remake of the French time travel film Les Visiteurs. Richard Bremmer (born 1953 is a British Actor. He played a younger Lord Voldemort in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Just Visiting is a 2001 Comedy film, a Remake of the French film Les Visiteurs, and a spin-off of Les Visiteurs For other uses see Visitor (disambiguation Les Visiteurs ("The Visitors" is a Cult French

Ancestors

See also

• Henry de Bracton

References

External links

• Henry III Chronology
• Henry III of England at Genealogics
• Earliest Known Deaf Persons