Henry Cruger, Jr. (November 22, 1739 – April 24, 1827) was an American and British merchant at the time of the American Revolution. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 1739 ( MDCCXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Year 1827 ( MDCCCXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" He has a unique distinction of having been elected to both the English Parliament (MP, 1774-1780, 1784-1790) and the New York State Senate (1792-1796). The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and Parliament of Scotland The New York State Senate is one of two houses in the New York State Legislature and has members each elected to two-year terms
Henry Cruger was born in New York a member of a wealthy merchant family originally from Germany: his grandfather John Cruger was an alderman and Mayor of New York City. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous John Cruger (1678&ndash August 13, 1744) was an immigrant to colonial New York with an uncertain place of birth but his family was originally German The Mayor of New York City is the head of the executive branch of the Government of New York City. His uncle John Cruger, Jr. was also a Mayor of New York City and was Speaker of the New York Assembly. John Cruger Jr ( July 18, 1710 &ndash December 27, 1791) was the speaker of the Province of New York assembly and the Mayor of New Henry Cruger Sr. , his father, was a member of the New York Province Assembly and then the Governor's Council.
Cruger studied at King’s College (now Columbia University) in New York City, but before being graduated he moved to Bristol, England in 1757 where he was placed in a family mercantile house. Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. In 1765 Cruger was elected to the Bristol Common Council, a position he held until 1790. He was named sheriff of the city in 1766–1767. Cruger was elected to Parliament as a radical Whig in the election of 1774 in which British policy towards the colonies was an important issue. The Whigs (with the Tories) are often described as one of two political parties in England and later the United Kingdom from the late 17th to Year 1774 ( MDCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The other Whig candidate, also elected but by a smaller majority was Edmund Burke, who was, among other things, the provincial agent for the Province of New York. Edmund Burke ( 12 January, 1729 9 July, 1797) was an Irish statesman author orator Political theorist, and
In his maiden speech before Parliament, Cruger criticized it for worsening the breach between Britain and her colonies. In 1776, he faulted the ministry for abandoning British sympathizers in the colony of New York. In 1777, he supported the repeal of the Declaratory Act (1766), and by 1780, he favored American independence. The "Declaratory Act" may also refer to the Dependency of Ireland on Great Britain Act 1719. Defeated for reelection in 1780, he became Bristol’s mayor in 1781. In 1784, Cruger was returned to Parliament as a supporter of William Pitt the Younger. William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 &ndash 23 January 1806 was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Throughout his political career in England he urged conciliation with America.
In 1789 he sought in vain for a consular appointment in the United States from Pitt. He returned to New York in 1790 after an absence of 33 years and was elected as a Federalist to the New York State Senate in 1792, urging conciliation with Great Britain while serving an otherwise undistinguished single four-year term. The term " federalist " describes several political beliefs around the world
Cruger was married three times, firstly in 1765 with a daughter of Samuel Peach of Tockington a wealthy linen draper and banker [some sources name her as Cristina, some say Ellin, some say Hannah]. Tockington is a village in South Gloucestershire, England. Historically the village developed around farming based mainly on the rearing of cattle on the fertile flood Regardless, she died in 1767, leaving a son Samuel Peach Cruger, who changed his name to Samuel Peach Peach by 1788 after inheriting his grandfather Samuel's fortune. Cruger had a daughter with his second wife, Elizabeth Blair. Elizabeth died soon after his return to New York in 1790. He married his third wife, Caroline Smith, when he was age 60 and with whom he fathered four more children. He died at home in New York City in his 88th year.
Cruger's house in Park Street, Bristol, on the corner of Great George Street, is marked by a commemorative plaque. Park Street in Bristol runs from College Green up a steep incline northwards to join Park Row at the southern apex of the Clifton Triangle
References
Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooks, eds. The House of Commons, 1754-1790, vol. 2 (Oxford University Press, 1964), 280-282.
Henry Cruger Van Schaack, Henry Cruger: the Colleague of Edmund Burke in the British Parliament; a Paper Read before the New-York Historical Society, January 4, 1859 (New York: C. B. Richardson, 1859).
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