Henri Marie Coandă (June 7, 1886 – November 25, 1972) (IPA: /ɐʁi maʁi kwandə/) was a Romanian inventor, aerodynamics pioneer and the builder of world's first jet powered aircraft, the Coanda-1910. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania specific --->A jet engine is a Reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet of Fluid to WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
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Life
Born in Bucharest, Coandă was the second child of a large family. Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. His father was General Constantin Coandă, a mathematics professor at the National School of Bridges and Roads. Constantin Coandă (1857 Craiova &ndash 1932 was a Romanian soldier and politician Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and His mother, Aida Danet, was the daughter of French physician Gustave Danet, and was born in Brittany. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Brittany (Breizh bʁejs Bretagne; Gallo: Bertaèyn) is a former independent Celtic kingdom and Duchy, now incorporated into He was later to recall that even as a child he was fascinated by the miracle of wind.
Coandă studied at the Petrache Poenaru Communal School in Bucharest, then (1896) at the Liceu Sf. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Sava (Saint Sava National College). The Saint Sava National College ( Colegiul Naţional Sfântul Sava) is the oldest and one of the most prestigious high schools in Bucharest, Romania. After three years (1899), his father, who desired a military career for him, had him transfer to the Military Lycee in Iaşi. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Iaşi (pronunciation in Romanian: /jaʃʲ/ or Jassy, is a city and municipality in north-eastern Romania. He graduated from that institution in 1903 with the rank of sergeant major, and he continued his studies at the School of Artillery, Military, and Naval Engineering in Bucharest. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting A Sergeant Major is a rank or appointment in many militaries around the world Sent with an artillery regiment to Germany (1904), he enrolled in the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg, Berlin. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Technische Hochschule (acronym TH) is what an Institute of Technology (i Charlottenburg is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, named after Queen Sophia Charlotte (1668-1705 Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany.
Coandă graduated as an artillery officer, but he was more interested in the technical problems of flight. In 1905, he built a missile-airplane for the Romanian Army. Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Land Forces, Air Force and Naval Forces are collectively known as the Romanian Armed Forces ( Romanian: Forţele Armate Române He continued his studies (1907-1908) at the Montefiore Institute in Liège, Belgium, where he met Gianni Caproni. Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Liège (ljɛːʒ Older English: Luick, Walloon: Lidje, German: Lüttich; Latin: Leodium, Dutch The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those In 1908 Coandă returned to Romania to serve as an active officer in the Second Artillery Regiment. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year However, his inventor's spirit did not comport well with military discipline. He solicited and obtained permission to leave the army, after which he took advantage of his renewed freedom to take a long automobile trip to Isfahan, Teheran, and Tibet. Esfahān or Isfahan (historically also rendered as Ispahan or Hispahan, Old Persian: Aspadana, Middle Persian: Spahān Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European Upon his return in 1909, he travelled to Paris, where he enrolled in the newly founded École Nationale Superieure d'Ingenieurs en Construction Aéronautique (now the École Nationale Supérieure de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, also known as SUPAERO). Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about one of two French engineering schools called ENSAE One year later (1910) he graduated at the head of the first class of aeronautical engineers. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Aerospace engineering is the branch of Engineering behind the design construction and science of Aircraft and Spacecraft.
With the support of engineer Gustave Eiffel and the mathematician, politician, and aeronautical pioneer Paul Painlevé, he began experimenting the aerodynamic techniques: one of this experiments was mounting a device on a train running at 90 km/h so he could analyse the aerodynamic behavior. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel ( December 15, 1832 &ndash December 27, 1923; in French efɛl in English usually ˈaɪfəl was a French Paul Painlevé (5 December 1863 &ndash 29 October 1933 was a French Mathematician and politician (For the South African airport with IATA code "KMH" see Johan Pienaar Airport. Another experiment used a wind tunnel with smoke and an aerodynamical balance to profile wings to be used in designing aircraft. A wind tunnel is a research tool developed to assist with studying the effects of air moving over or around solid objects This later led to the discovery of the aerodynamic effect now known as the Coandă effect. The Coandă effect ('kwandə is the tendency of a Fluid jet to stay attached to an adjacent curved surface that is very well shaped.
In 1910, using the workshop of Gianni Caproni, he designed, built and piloted the first 'thermojet' powered aircraft, known as the Coandă-1910, which he demonstrated publicly at the second International Aeronautic Salon in Paris. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting A motorjet is a rudimentary type of Jet engine which is sometimes referred to as thermojet, a term now commonly WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The powerplant used a 4-cylinder piston engine to power a compressor, which fed to two burners for thrust, instead of using a propeller. It would be nearly 30 years until the next thermojet powered aircraft, the Campini Caproni CC.2. The Caproni Campini N1 (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the CC
At the airport of Issy-les-Moulineaux near Paris, Coandă lost control of the jet plane, which went off of the runway and caught fire. Issy-les-Moulineaux is a commune in the southwestern suburban area of Paris, France. Fortunately, he escaped with just a good scare and some minor injuries to his face and hands. Around that time, Coandă abandoned his experiments due to a lack of interest and support on the part of the public and of scientific and engineering institutions.
Between 1911 and 1914, he worked as technical director of Bristol Aeroplane Company in the United Kingdom, where he designed several airplanes known as Bristol-Coandă airplanes. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Bristol Aeroplane Company, originally British and Colonial Aeroplane Company was a major British aviation company The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In 1912 one of these planes won the first prize at the International Military Aviation Contest in the UK. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting
In 1915, he went again to France where, working during World War I for Delaunay-Belleville in Saint-Denis, he designed and built three different models of propeller airplane, including the Coandă-1916, with two propellers mounted close to the tail; this design was to be reprised in the "Caravelle" transport airplane, for which Coandă was a technical consultant. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Automobiles Delaunay-Belleville was a French luxury Automobile manufacturer from St Saint-Denis is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France.
In the years between the wars, he continued traveling and inventing; inventions included the first jet-powered sleigh, and the first de luxe aerodynamic railroad train. In 1934 he was granted a French patent related to the Coandă Effect. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1935, he used the same principle as the basis for a hovercraft called "Aerodina Lenticulara", which was very similar in shape to the flying saucers later developed by Avro Canada before being bought by the United States Air Force and becoming a classified project. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A hovercraft, or air-cushion vehicle (ACV is an Amphibious vehicle or craft, designed to travel over any sufficiently smooth surface supported by The development of disc shaped Aircraft — or military "flying saucers" — apparently dates back to World War II. Avro Aircraft Limited (Canada was a Canadian aircraft manufacturing company that was in business from 1945-62
In 1969, during the first years of the Ceauşescu era, he returned to spend his last days in his native Romania, where he served as director of the Institute for Scientific and Technical Creation (INCREST) and in 1971 reorganized, along with professor Elie Carafoli, the Department of Aeronautical Engineering of the Polytechnic University of Bucharest, spinning it off from the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Nicolae Ceauşescu (nikoˈlaje tʃauˈʃesku (January 26 1918 – December 25 1989 was the communist dictator of Romania from 1965 until December 1989 when a revolution Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Elie Carafoli ( September 15, 1901, Veria, Greece &ndash October 24, 1983, Bucharest, Romania) was Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureşti is a Technical university in Bucharest, Romania.
Coandă died in Bucharest November 25, 1972 at the age of 86. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Bucharest's Henri Coandă International Airport is named after him. Henri Coandă International Airport (Aeroportul Internaţional Henri Coandă is the busiest airport in Romania, as well as one of the two airports serving Bucharest
Quotes
- "These airplanes we have today are no more than a perfection of a child's toy made of paper. In my opinion, we should search for a completely different flying machine, based on other flying principles. I imagine a future aircraft, which will take off vertically, fly as usual, and land vertically. This flying machine should have no moving parts. This idea came from the huge power of cyclones. "
Inventions and discoveries
- 1910: A mobile platform for aerodynamic experiments, mounted on the side of a train, running at 90 km/h on the Paris - Saint-Quentin route. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting For other places with the same name see Saint-Quentin. Saint-Quentin is a commune in the Aisne départment Effectively, this gave him a wind tunnel; using smoke and a photographic camera of his own design, he was able to test the stability of designs for airplane wings.
- 1910: The Coandă-1910, the world's first thermojet aircraft (which crashed on its only demonstration). Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A motorjet is a rudimentary type of Jet engine which is sometimes referred to as thermojet, a term now commonly
- 1911: A two-engine, one-propeller airplane. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
- 1911-1914 as technical director of Bristol Aeroplane Company, designed the Bristol-Coandă airplanes. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Bristol Aeroplane Company, originally British and Colonial Aeroplane Company was a major British aviation company
- 1914-1916: at Delaunay-Belleville, designed three more types of airplane, including the Coandă-1916, with two motors near the tail. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
- He invented a new decorative material for use in construction, beton-bois; one prominent example of its use is the 1926 Palace of Culture, in Iaşi. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Palace of Culture ( dvorets kultury, 文化宫 wénhuà gōng) or House of Culture ( dom kultury) was the name for major Club -houses Iaşi (pronunciation in Romanian: /jaʃʲ/ or Jassy, is a city and municipality in north-eastern Romania.
- 1926: Working in Romania, Coandă developed a device to detect liquids under ground, useful in petroleum prospecting. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Shortly thereafter, in the Persian Gulf region, he designed a system for offshore oil drilling. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the
- Probably the most famous of Coandă's discoveries is the Coandă Effect. The Coandă effect ('kwandə is the tendency of a Fluid jet to stay attached to an adjacent curved surface that is very well shaped. After the crash of the "Coandă-1910" airplane, Coandă observed that flames and incandescent gas emitted by the fire tended to remain close to the fuselage. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout After more than 20 years studying this phenomenon along with his colleagues, Coandă described what Albert Metral was later to name the "Coandă Effect". This effect has been utilized in many aeronautical inventions and is crucial to successful supersonic flight.
Awards and medals
- 1956: In New York, Coandă was honored as the inventor of the first jet airplane: one speaker lauded him as "the past, present and the future of aviation. "
- 1965: At the International Automation Symposium in New York, Coandă received the Harry Diamond Laboratories Award.
- Award and Grand Gold Medal "Vielles Tiges".
- UNESCO Award for Scientific Research
- The Medal of French Aeronautics, Order of Merit, and Commander ring
External links
- http://www.allstar.fiu.edu/aero/coandă.htm
- Coandă aircraft: Pre-WWI wooden wonder
- Patents of Henri Coanda
- http://www.earlyaviators.com/ecoanda.htm
- http://airminded.org/2005/10/07/jet-aircraft-of-the-belle-epoque/
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Coandă, Henri Marie |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Romanian inventor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 7, 1886 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bucharest, Romania |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 25, 1972 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Bucharest, Romania |
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