Henan Province
Chinese : 河南省 Hénán Shěng
Abbreviations: 豫  (pinyin: Yù)
Origin of name	河 hé - (Yellow) River 南 nán - south "south of the Yellow River"
Administration type	Province
Capital (and largest city)	Zhengzhou
CPC Ctte Secretary	Xu Guangchun 徐光春
Governor	Guo Gengmao 郭庚茂
Area	167,000 km² (64,000 sq mi) (17th)
Population (2007)  - Density	98,690,000 (1st) 591 /km² (1,530 /sq mi) (6th)
GDP (2007)  - per capita	CNY 1. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended Xu Guangchun ( Chinese: 徐光春 Pinyin: Xú Guāngchūn born November 1944 is a politician of the People's Republic of China who succeeded outgoing Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions special administrative In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions municipalities This articles lists of the first-level administrative divisions of People's Republic of China (P Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 5058 trillion (5th) CNY 15,258 (16th)
HDI (2005)	0. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of their total Gross This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 741 (medium) (19th)
Major nationalities	Han - 98. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. 8% Hui - 1%
Prefecture-level	17 divisions
County-level	159 divisions
Township-level†	2455 divisions
ISO 3166-2	CN-41
Official website www.henan.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese)
Source for population and GDP data: 《中国统计年鉴—2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 † As at December 31, 2004

Henan (Chinese: 河南; pinyin: Hénán; Wade-Giles: Ho-nan), is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. Prefecture, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Its one-character abbreviation is 豫 (pinyin: yù), named after Yuzhou Province (豫州 Yù Zhōu), a Han Dynasty province (zhou) that included parts of Henan. A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Yuzhou ( Chinese: 豫州; Pinyin: Yùzhōu was one of the nine provinces in Ancient China. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The zhōu (州 was a historical political division of China. First established during the Han Dynasty, zhou continued to exist until the establishment The name Henan means "south of the (Yellow) River" (Huang He). The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the ^[1]

With nearly 100 million people, Henan is the most populous province of China by residency. A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division It borders Hebei to the north, Shandong to the northeast, Anhui to the southeast, Hubei to the south, Shaanxi to the west, and Shanxi to the northwest. ( Postal map spelling: Hopeh) is a northern province of the People's Republic of China. ( is a coastal province of eastern People's Republic of China. Anhui (in Chinese: 安徽 Ānhuī) is a province of the People's Republic of China. ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China. ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China.

Henan is often called Zhongyuan (中原 zhōngyuán) or Zhongzhou (中州 zhōngzhōu), literally "central plains" or "midland"; this name is also broadly applied to the entire North China Plain. The Central Plain(s of China ( refers to the area on the lower reaches of the Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization The North China Plain ( is based on the deposits of the Huang He (Yellow River and is the largest Alluvial plain of eastern Asia. Henan is traditionally regarded as the cradle of Chinese civilization. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Administrative divisions 4 Demographics 5 Politics 6 Economy 7 Culture 8 Notable people 9 Transportation 10 Tourism 11 Colleges and universities 12 Miscellaneous topics 13 See also 14 Notes 15 External links

History

Northern Henan, along the Yellow River, was the core area of ancient China for at least the first half of Chinese history. The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the The two cities of Luoyang and Kaifeng each served as the capital city of a long list of dynasties. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern

Archaeological sites reveal that prehistoric cultures such as the Yangshao Culture and Longshan Culture were active in what is now northern Henan. The Yangshao culture ( was a Neolithic culture that existed extensively along the central Yellow River in China. Longshan culture ( was a late Neolithic culture in China, centered on the central and lower Yellow River and dated from about 3000 BC to The Erlitou culture, which has been controversially identified with the Xia Dynasty, the first Chinese dynasty as described in Chinese records, was also centered in Henan. The Erlitou culture (simplified Chinese 二里头文化 traditional Chinese 二里頭文化 Pinyin: èrlǐtóu wénhuà ( 2100 BC to 1800 BC or 1500 The Xia Dynasty ( of China is the first dynasty to be described in ancient historical records such as Records of the Grand Historian and

The first literate dynasty of China, the Shang Dynasty (16th-11th century BC), was centered in Henan. The Shang Dynasty ( Chinese: 商[[wiktionary 朝|朝]] or Yin Dynasty ( 殷[[wiktionary 代|代]] was according to traditional sources the Their last capital, Yin, was located at the modern city of Anyang, Henan. Anyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in Henan province, People's Republic of China.

In the 11th century BC, the Zhou Dynasty arrived from the west and destroyed the Shang Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. Their capital was located initially in Hao (near present day Xi'an in Shaanxi province). UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess In 722 BC, it was moved to Luoyang, Henan. Events and trends 728 BC — Piye invades Egypt, conquering Memphis, and receives the submission of the rulers of the Nile Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. This began the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, a period of warfare and rivalry. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. What is now Henan was divided into a variety of small states, including Hua (destroyed by Qin in 627BC), Chen, Cai, Cao, Zheng, Wei (衛), and powerful Jin from Shanxi to the north. Huáguó (滑国 referred to a vassal state of Western Zhou that existed in what is now Henan, whose ruling elites belonged to the royal family but which was destroyed Qín or Ch'in ( Wade-Giles) (秦 ( 778 BC - 207 BC) was a State during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods Events By Place Byzantine Empire December 12 — Battle of Nineveh: Emperor Heraclius defeats the Persians ending Chen (陳 was a minor state of the Spring and Autumn Period in Ancient China Zheng (鄭 was a Zhou city-state in the middle of ancient China, modern Henan Province. Jin ( Traditional Chinese: 晉 Simplified Chinese: 晋 Pinyin: Jìn was one of the most powerful states in the Spring and Autumn Period ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. Later on these were replaced with Han and Wei (魏). Han (韓國 Hánguó) ( 403 BC - 230 BC) was a kingdom during the Warring States Period in China. Throughout this period the state of Chu also held much of what is now southern Henan. Chǔ ( 楚) was a kingdom in what is now central and southern China during the Spring and Autumn period ( 722 - 481 BC) and

In 221 BC, the state of Qin from what is now Shaanxi completed the unification of China, establishing the first unified Chinese state, the Qin Dynasty. Events By place Carthage The Carthaginian general Hasdrubal is murdered by a Celtic assassin while campaigning to increase Qín or Ch'in ( Wade-Giles) (秦 ( 778 BC - 207 BC) was a State during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China They were followed by the Han Dynasty in 206 BC, which initially put its capital in Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Events By place Roman Republic In the Battle of Ilipa ( Alcalá del Río, near Seville) in Spain, the Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess The second half of this dynasty (the Eastern Han Dynasty) moved its capital to Luoyang. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China.

The late Eastern Han Dynasty saw war and rivalry between regional warlords. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Henan was the power base of Cao Cao, who was based in Xuchang and eventually succeeded in unifying all of northern China under the Kingdom of Wei. Cáo Cāo ( 曹[[wikt 操|操]] 155 &ndash March 15, 220) was a regional Warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the Xuchang ( is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China. Cao Wei ( was one of the empires that competed for control of China during the Three Kingdoms period Wei then put its capital in Luoyang. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. The Western Jin Dynasty that followed also put its capital at Luoyang. The Jìn Dynasty ( 265 – 420) one of the Six Dynasties, followed the Three Kingdoms period and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China.

In the 4th century, nomadic peoples from the north invaded northern China. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Henan then came under the rule of many successive regimes, including the Later Zhao, the Former Yan, the Former Qin, the Later Yan, and the Later Qin. The Later Zhao ( 319 - 351) was a State of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420 in China. The Former Yan ( 337 - 370) was a State of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. The Former Qin ( 351 - 394) was a State of the Sixteen Kingdoms in China. The Later Yan ( 383 - 407 or 409) was a Murong - Xianbei state locate in north-east of current China during the era of Sixteen The Later Qin ( 384 - 417) was a State of Qiang ethnicity of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420 The Northern Wei Dynasty, which unified North China in 439, moved its capital to Luoyang in 493. The Northern Wei Dynasty (北魏 Pinyin: běi wèi 386 - 534) also known as the Tuoba Wei (拓拔魏 Later Wei (後魏 or Events By Place Western Roman Empire Licinia Eudoxia, wife of the Emperor Valentinian III, is granted the title of ''Augusta'' Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Events By Place Europe February 25 — Odoacer agrees to a mediated peace with Theodoric the Great, and is later killed

Northern Wei splintered in 534 and would not be restored until 589, when the Sui Dynasty reunified China. Events By Place Byzantine Empire January 1 — Decimus Theodorius Paulinus is appointed Consul (the last to hold this Events By Place Europe October 17 — The Adige River overflows its banks flooding the church of St The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. Sui Emperor Yang's costly attempt to relocate the capital from Chang'an to Luoyang contributed to the downfall of Sui. Background Yang Guang was born in 569 during the reign of Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. The Tang Dynasty that followed kept its capital in Chang'an (modern Xi'an, Shaanxi). The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess The Tang lasted for three centuries, but eventually succumbed to internal strife.

In the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms that followed, Kaifeng was the capital of four dynasties: Later Liang Dynasty, Later Jin Dynasty, Later Han Dynasty, and Later Zhou Dynasty. Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms ( 907-960 was an era of political upheaval in China, beginning in the Tang Dynasty and ending in the Song Dynasty. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern The Later Liang ( ( June 5, 907 - 923) was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period Note that there are four periods of Chinese history using the name "Jin" (see clarification here. The Later Han Dynasty ( Simplified Chinese 后汉 Traditional Chinese 後漢 Pinyin Hòu Hàn was founded in 947 The Later Zhou Dynasty ( Simplified Chinese 后周 Traditional Chinese 後周 Pinyin Hòu Zhōu was the last a succession of five dynasties The Song Dynasty that reunified China in 982 also had its capital at Kaifeng. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Events By Place Americas Greenland is discovered by Erik the Red (the first known European contact with North Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Under Song rule, China entered a golden age of culture and prosperity, and Kaifeng was the largest city in the world [1]. In 1127, however, the Song Dynasty succumbed to Jurchen (Jin Dynasty) invaders from the north, and in 1142 had to cede away all of northern China, including Henan. The Jurchens ( were a Tungus people who inhabited the region of Manchuria ( Northeast China) until the 17th century when they adopted the name Manchu This is an article for the Jurchen Jin Dynasty (1115–1234 For other Chinese dynasties whose names are also rendered "Jin" in Pinyin, see Jin Dynasty By this point, cultural and economic development in the Yangtze River delta Jiangnan region (modern southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, and Shanghai) had made that area into the new economic and cultural center of China, instead of Henan. Jiangnan or Jiang Nan ( sometimes spelled Kiang-nan) is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsu) is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country Zhejiang ( is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Henan would forever lose this pre-eminent position.

Kaifeng served as the Jurchen's "southern capital" from 1157 (other sources say 1161) and was reconstructed during this time. [2][3] But they kept their main capital further north, until 1214, when they were forced to move the imperial court southwards to Kaifeng in order to flee the Mongol onslaught. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern In 1234 they succumbed to combined Mongol and Song Dynasty forces. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Mongols took control, and in 1279 they conquered all of China.

Mongol rule over China ended in 1368. The Ming Dynasty that followed set up the equivalent of modern Henan province, with borders extremely similar to modern ones. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led The capital was, however, at Kaifeng instead of modern Zhengzhou. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. The Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) did not make any significant changes to this arrangement; nor did the Republic of China in their rule over Mainland China (1911-1949). Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

The completion of the Pinghan Railway (Beijing-Hankou) made Zhengzhou, a previously unnoted county town, into a major transportation hub. Hankou ( Wade-Giles: Hankow is one of the three towns together with Wuchang and Hanyang, which are included in modern day Wuhan, the capital Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. In 1954, the new People's Republic of China government moved the capital of Henan from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern The PRC also established a short-lived Pingyuan Province consisting of what is now northern Henan and western Shandong, with capital Xinxiang. Pingyuan was a province of the People's Republic of China between 1949 and 1952. ( is a coastal province of eastern People's Republic of China. Xinxiang ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. This province was abolished in 1952. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1958, Yashan in Suiping County, Henan became the first people's commune of China, heralding the beginning of the "Great Leap Forward". Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The people's commune ( in the People's Republic of China, were formerly the highest of three administrative levels in rural areas during the period of 1958 to 1982-85 until The Great Leap Forward ( of the People's Republic of China (PRC was an economic and social plan used from 1958 to 1960 which aimed to use China 's vast population In the subsequent famines of the early 1960s popularly attributed to the Great Leap Forward, Henan suffered terribly, with several million lives lost. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969  [4]

In 1975, the collapse of the Banqiao Dam and other dams in southern Henan, following a typhoon that caused extraordinarily high levels of rainfall, is estimated to have killed 230,000 people across several counties. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Banqiao Reservoir Dam ( and Shimantan Reservoir Dam ( are among 62 Dams in Zhumadian Prefecture of China 's Henan Province that This was the most deadly dam-related catastrophe in human history.

In recent years the prevalence of "blood selling" (blood donation with pay) among poor villagers has put Henan in the spotlight of the nation. It was exposed that AIDS villages, where most of the population is HIV positive, have resulted because of poor sterilization techniques. Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome The initial cover up of the crisis by local officials, followed by the national exposure, has put Henan in a somewhat negative light.

In November 2004, martial law was declared in Zhongmou county, Henan, to quell deadly ethnic clashes between Han Chinese and the Muslim Hui Chinese. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. [5] The reported number of deaths ranged between 7 and 148.

Geography

Henan is flat in the east and mountainous in the west and extreme south. The eastern and central parts of the province form part of the North China Plain. The North China Plain ( is based on the deposits of the Huang He (Yellow River and is the largest Alluvial plain of eastern Asia. To the northwest the Taihang Mountains intrude partially into Henan's borders; to the west the Qinling Mountains enter Henan from the west and end about halfway across Henan, with branches (such as the Funiu Mountains) extending northwards and southwards. The Taihang Mountains ( are a Chinese Mountain range running down the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau in Henan, Shanxi and Hebei The Qinling Mountains ( are a major Mountain range located mainly in the Eastern province of Shaanxi, in China. To the far south, the Dabie Mountains separate Henan from neighbouring Hubei province. Dabie Mountains ( Chinese: 大别山 Pinyin: Dàbié Shān is a major mountain range ("shan" means "mountain" located in central China ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China.

The Yellow River passes through northern Henan. The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the It enters from the northwest, via the Sanmenxia Reservoir. After it passes Luoyang, the Yellow River is raised via natural sedimentation and artificial construction onto a levee, higher than the surrounding land. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Sedimentation describes the motion of Molecules in Solutions or particles in suspensions in response to an external force such as gravity Dike (constructionEmbankmentA levee, levée, dike (or dyke) embankment, floodbank or stopbank is a natural or artificial From here onwards, the Yellow River divides the Hai He watershed to the north and the Huai He watershed to the south. The Hai River ( previously called Bai He (Chinese 白河 pinyin Bái Hé; literally "white river" Pei Ho in Western sources is a The Huai River ( is a major river in China. The Huai River is located about mid-way between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two largest rivers The Huai He itself originates in southern Henan. The Huai River ( is a major river in China. The Huai River is located about mid-way between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two largest rivers The southwestern corner of Henan, around Nanyang, is part of the drainage basin of the Han Shui River across the border in Hubei. ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China.

There are many reservoirs in Henan. Major ones include the Danjiangkou Reservoir on the border with Hubei, the Sanmenxia Reservoir, the Suyahu Reservoir, the Baiguishan Reservoir, the Nanwan Reservoir, and the Banqiao Reservoir. ( Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China.

Henan has a temperate continental climate, with most rainfall in summer. Continental climate is a Climate that is characterized by Winter Temperatures cold enough to support a fixed period of Snow cover each Year Temperatures average about 0°C in January, and 27 to 28°C in July. The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale.

Zhengzhou is the province's capital and most populous city. Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. Other major cities include Kaifeng, Luoyang, Xinxiang, Anyang, Luohe, and Xuchang. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Xinxiang ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Anyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in Henan province, People's Republic of China. Luohe ( is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China. Xuchang ( is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China.

Administrative divisions

Further information: List of administrative divisions of Henan

Henan is divided into seventeen prefecture-level divisions – all prefecture-level cities – and one directly administered county-level city. The administrative divisions of Henan, a province of the People's Republic of China, consists of prefecture-level divisions subdivided into county-level See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. The prefecture-level cities are:

• Anyang (安阳市 Ānyáng Shì)
• Hebi (鹤壁市 Hèbì Shì)
• Jiaozuo (焦作市 Jiāozuò Shì)
• Luohe (漯河市 Luòhé Shì)
• Luoyang (洛阳市 Luòyáng Shì)
• Kaifeng (开封市 Kāifēng Shì)
• Nanyang (南阳市 Nányáng Shì)
• Pingdingshan (平顶山市 Píngdǐngshān Shì)
• Puyang (濮阳市 Púyáng Shì)
• Sanmenxia (三门峡市 Sānménxiá Shì)
• Shangqiu (商丘市 Shāngqiū Shì)
• Xinxiang (新乡市 Xīnxiāng Shì)
• Xinyang (信阳市 Xìnyáng Shì)
• Xuchang (许昌市 Xǔchāng Shì)
• Zhengzhou (Simplified Chinese: 郑州市; Hanyu pinyin: Zhèngzhōu Shì)
• Zhoukou (周口市 Zhōukǒu Shì)
• Zhumadian (驻马店市 Zhùmǎdiàn Shì)

The directly administered county-level city (more accurately described as a sub-prefecture-level city) is:

• Jiyuan (济源市 Jǐyuán Shì)

The seventeen prefecture-level divisions and one directly administered county-level city of Henan are subdivided into 159 county-level divisions (50 districts, twenty-one county-level cities, and 88 counties; Jiyuan is counted as a county-level city here). Anyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in Henan province, People's Republic of China. Hebi ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Jiaozuo ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Luohe ( is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Nanyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in southwestern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Pingdingshan ( also known as the Eagle City with 891814 inhabitants (estimated 2006 is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Puyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in northeastern Henan province China. Sanmenxia ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Shangqiu ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Xinxiang ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Xinyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Xuchang ( is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Republic of China. Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Zhoukou ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Zhumadian ( is a Prefecture-level city in southern Henan province, People's Republic of China. A sub-prefecture-level city (副地級市 or vice-prefecture-level city, is an administrative division of China Jiyuan ( is a Sub-prefecture-level city in northwestern Henan province, People's Republic of China. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) Those are in turn divided into 2440 township-level divisions (866 towns, 1234 townships, twelve ethnic townships, and 328 subdistricts). See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted When referring to Political Divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 鎮 (simplified 镇; pinyin zhèn Wade-Giles Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' Subdistrict is a low level Administrative division of a country

Demographics

Henan is the most populous province of China, with a population of 97,170,000 in 2004. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " If it were its own country, it would be the twelfth most populous, just behind Mexico. However, Sichuan used to be more populous before Chongqing city was carved out of it. ( Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in western China with its capital in Chengdu. Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China Also, when considering migrants, Guangdong has the highest population in China, despite Hainan being splintered off of it. Guangdong ( EFEO: Kouangtong; Pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the Hainan ( POJ: Hai-lam Pinyin:, Jyutping: hoi2 naam4 literal meaning "South of the Sea" is the smallest province of the People's

Just under 99% of Henan's population is Han Chinese, while Hui account for virtually all the remaining 1%. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. It is the third most populous sub-national division in the world, after Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra of India. This is a list of the most populous first-level administrative country subdivisions in the world in order of Population (estimated 2004) with the top Uttar Pradesh (उत्तर प्रदेश اتر پردیش pronounced, Translation: Northern Province) referred to as '''U Maharashtra ( Marathi: mahārāṣṭra, IPA) is a state located on the western coast of India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country

Politics

Main article: Politics of Henan

The Government of Henan is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. The Politics of Henan Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland

The Governor of Henan is the highest ranking official in the People's Government of Henan. The Politics of Henan Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Henan Communist Party of China Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Henan CPC Party Chief". The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the In the Politics of the People's Republic of China, a party chief (Chinese 党委书记 variously called a party boss, and officially termed the Communist Party

Economy

Henan is a relatively poor province and given its large population of almost 100 million people, its GDP per capita is only about US$1,670. Since undergoing reforms, however, the speed of economic development has increased by an average of about 10% each year for the past twenty years. In 2006, Henan's nominal GDP was 1. 25 trillion RMB (US$156. 35 billion), a year-on-year rise of 14. 1%. In 2005, Henan's primary, secondary, and tertiary industries were worth 184. 3 billion RMB (US$23 billion), 553. 93 billion RMB, and 315. 28 billion RMB, respectively. Its per capita GDP reached 13,279 RMB (US$1,670)in 2006 [6]. An industrial system of light textiles, food, metallurgy, petrol, building materials, chemical industry, machinery and electronics has been formed. Nearly one hundred products, such as coal, industrial cord fabrics, fridges, aluminium, color glass cases, gold, meat products, tires, chemical fibers, glass, cement, generated energy, and others are an important part of the national market. Industrial sales reached 1 trillion RMB in 2005, 3. 1 times the figure for 2000.  [7]

Henan is actively trying to build an open economy. In 2002, the total trade volume (import and export) was US$3. 2 billion, including US$2. 1 billion for export. 7,111 foreign enterprises have been approved, and foreign funds (FDI) of US$10. 64 billion have been used in contracts with a realized FDI of US$5. 3 billion. Foreign exchanges are increasing continuously. Friendly provincial relationships have been established with 16 states (districts) in the United States, Japan, Russia, France, Germany, and others. Some cities of Henan have established friendly relationships (sister city) with thirty-two foreign cities.

Henan is an agricultural province, leading the provinces of China in wheat and sesame production, and is third place overall in terms of total grain output. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Sesame ( Sesamum indicum) is a Flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. Cotton, rice, and maize are also important crops in Henan. Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp Rice is a Cereal foodstuff which forms an important part of the diet of many people worldwide and as such it is a staple food for many Maize (ˈmeɪz ( Zea mays L. ssp mays) known as corn in some countries is a cereal grain domesticated in Mesoamerica

There are several important centers of coal production in Henan, including Pingdingshan, Yima, and Jiaozuo. Pingdingshan ( also known as the Eagle City with 891814 inhabitants (estimated 2006 is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Jiaozuo ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Luanchuan County in western Henan is an important center of molybdenum extraction. Luanchuan County ( Chinese: 栾川县 Pinyin: Luánchuān Xiàn is a county in Luoyang, Henan, China. Molybdenum (məˈlɪbdənəm from the Greek word for the metal " Lead " is a Group 6 Chemical element with the symbol Mo Electricity generation is another important industry of Henan. Electricity generation is the process of converting non-electrical Energy to Electricity.

Culture

Most of Henan speaks dialects of the Mandarin group of dialects spoken in northern and southwestern China. Linguists put these dialects into the category of "Zhongyuan Mandarin". Zhongyuan Mandarin ( lit Official Language of the Central Plain is a dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken in the central part of Shaanxi, Henan The northwestern corner of Henan is an exception, where people speak Jin dialects instead. The dialects of Henan are collectively called "the Henan dialect" in popular usage, with easily identifiable stereotypical features.

Henan opera (Yuju) is the local form of Chinese opera; it is also famous and popular across the rest of China. Henan opera ( Chinese: 豫剧 Pinyin: Yùjù or Henan bangzi (Chinese 河南梆子 Pinyin Hénán Bāngzi is a form of Chinese opera, Henan opera ( Chinese: 豫剧 Pinyin: Yùjù or Henan bangzi (Chinese 河南梆子 Pinyin Hénán Bāngzi is a form of Chinese opera, Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back Henan Quju and Henan Yuediao are also important local opera forms.

Henan cuisine is the local cuisine, with traditions such as the Luoyang Shuixi (Luoyang "Water Table", consisting entirely of various soups, etc. Henan cuisine (Chinese 豫菜 or 河南菜 is derived from the native cooking styles of the Henan region in China Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. ); Xinyang Duncai (Xinyang brewed vegetables), and the traditional cuisine of Kaifeng. Xinyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China.

Important traditional art and craft products include: Junci, a type of porcelain originating in Yuzhou noted for its unpredictable colour patterns; the jade carvings of Zhenping; and Luoyang's Tangsancai ("Tang Three Colours"), which are earthenware figurines made in the traditional style of the Tang Dynasty. Yuzhou (Simplified Chinese 禹州 pinyin Yǔzhōu is a county-level city in Xuchang, central Henan province in the People's Republic of China Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by

Notable people

• Sun Tiantian, (b. Sun Tiantian ( Simplified Chinese: 孙甜甜 Pinyin: Sūn Tiántián born October 12, 1981 in Henan province is a Chinese October 12, 1981), tennis player
• Zhao Ziyang, (October 17, 1919 – January 17, 2005), former Premier and CCP Secretary
• Deng Yaping (b. Zhao Ziyang ( (17 October 1919&ndash17 January 2005 was a politician in the People's Republic of China. The Premier of the State Council ( sometimes incorrectly referred to as the "Prime Minister" is the Chairman of the State Council of the People's Republic of China The General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee ( is the highest ranking official within the Communist Party of China and heads the Secretariat Deng Yaping ( Simplified Chinese: 邓亚萍 Traditional Chinese: 鄧亞萍 born February 5, 1973 in Zhengzhou, Henan province February 5, 1973), four-time Olympic gold medalist. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games
• Du Wei (b. Du Wei ( ( February 9, 1982 in Luoyang, Henan is a Chinese professional football player who plays in defence as a centre-back February 9, 1982), professional football player
• Ge Xin'ai, ping pong player
• Chen Zhong, Olympic gold medalist in Taekwondo
• Liu Guoliang, member of the Chinese ping pong team
• Su Zhibo, the first Chinese gold medalist in the Asian Games
• Shang Tang, the first ruling king of the Shang dynasty
• Hui Shi (380 BC–?), philosopher
• Xu Shen (c. Chen Zhong ( born November 22, 1982 in Jiaozuo) is a female Chinese Taekwondo practitioner who competed at the Summer Olympic Taekwondo (Korean태권도thɛʔkwʌndo Englishˈteɪˈkwɒnˈdoʊ is a Korean Martial art and the National sport of South Korea Liu Guoliang ( Chinese: 刘国梁 Pinyin: Liú Guóliáng born January 10, 1976) is a Chinese Table tennis player who won all The Asian Games, also called the Asiad, is a Multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia. King Cheng Tang of Shang of China (in Chinese:"湯" born Zi Lü, in Chinese"子履" The Shang Dynasty ( Chinese: 商[[wiktionary 朝|朝]] or Yin Dynasty ( 殷[[wiktionary 代|代]] was according to traditional sources the For other uses see Huizi (currency Hui Shi ( fl 4th century BCE or Huizi (惠子 Hui-tzu "Master Hui" was a Chinese philosopher Xǔ Shèn ( ca 58 CE – ca 147 CE was a Chinese philologist of the Han Dynasty. 58–c. 147), editor of the Shuowen Jiezi
• Ruan Ji (210–263), poet
• Du Fu (712–770), considered one of the greatest of Chinese poets
• Han Yu (768–824), one of China's most famous prose writers and poets
• Li Shangyin (813–858), poet
• Cheng Hao (1032–1085) and brother Cheng Yi (1033–1107), Neo-Confucian philosophers
• Li Tang (c. The Shuōwén Jiězì ( "Explaining Simple and Analyzing Compound Characters" was an early 2nd century CE Chinese dictionary from the Han Dynasty Ruǎn Jí (210-263 is one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. Du Fu ( 712–770 was a prominent Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty. Quote "It is universally admitted that the unicorn is a supernatural being of good omen such is declared in all the odes annals biographies of illustrious Li Shangyin ( ca 813–858 Courtesy name Yishan (義山 was a Chinese Poet of the late Tang Dynasty, born in Henei Cheng Yi ( 1033–1107 Courtesy name Zhengshu (正叔 also known as Mr Neo-Confucianism (/( is a form of Confucianism that was primarily developed during the Song Dynasty, but which can be traced back to Han Yu and Li Li Tang (李唐 was a Chinese landscape painter Born in the later part of 11th century he died in AD 1130 1080–c. 1130), painter
• Yuan Shikai (1859–1916), second President of the Republic of China
• Feng Youlan (1895–1990), philosopher
• Lao Zi (Lao Tzu: dates uncertain), founder of Daoism
• Mo Zi, founder of Mohism
• Lie Yukou (c. Yuan Shikai ( Courtesy Weiting 慰亭 Pseudonym: Rong'an 容庵 ( September 16, 1859 &ndash June 6, The President of the Republic of China ( is the Head of state of the Republic of China (ROC (commonly known as Taiwan since the 1970s Feng Youlan or Fung Yu-Lan ( 1895–1990 was a Chinese philosopher who was important for reintroducing the study of Chinese philosophy. Laozi ( also Lao Tse, Lao-Tzu, Laotze, Lao Zi, Laocius, and other variations was a philosopher of ancient Taoism (pronounced /ˈdaʊɪzəm/ or /ˈtaʊɪzəm/ also spelled '''Daoism''') refers to a variety of related Philosophical and Religious traditions Mozi ( Lat as Micius, ca 470 BCE&ndashca 391 BCE was a Philosopher who lived in China during the Hundred Schools of Thought Mohism or Moism ( was a Chinese philosophy developed by the followers of Mozi (also referred to as Mo Di 470 &ndashc Lie Yukou ( fl ca 400 BCE is considered the author of the Daoist book Liezi, which uses his honorific name Liezi (列子 Lièzĭ Lieh-tzu "Master 4th century BC), Daoist philosopher
• Su Qin
• Han Fei (c. Han Fei (also Han Feizi) ( (ca 280&ndash233 BC was a Philosopher who along with Li Si, developed Xun Zi 's mutualism into the doctrine embodied 280–233 BC), Legalist philosopher
• Chen Sheng (known in some sources as Chen She) and Wu Guang (both d. Chen Sheng ( Traditional Chinese: 陳勝 (d 209 BC or 208 BC (around the new year known in some sources as Chen She (陳涉 was the leader of the first rebellion Wu Guang ( Traditional Chinese: 吳廣 (d 209 BC or 208 BC (around the new year was a leader of the first rebellion against Qin Dynasty during the reign of 209 BC or 208 BC), leaders of the first rebellion against Qin Dynasty
• Zhang Shizhi, a government official well known for his incorruptibility
• Jia Yi, a Chinese poet and statesman of the Han Dynasty
• Zhang Heng, an astronomer, mathematician, inventor, geographer, artist, poet, statesman, and literary scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty
• Feng Yi, a general of the Eastern Han Dynasty
• Zhang Ji (style-named Zhang Zhongjing) (150–219), an Eastern Han physician, the author of the Shanghan Zabing Lun
• Xu Shu, one of Liu Bei's advisors during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Jia Yi (賈誼 Pinyin: Jiǎ Yì Chia I, Wade-Giles; 201 BCE-169 BCE was a Chinese poet and statesman of the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Zhang Heng ( (CE 78–139 was an astronomer, mathematician, inventor, geographer, cartographer, artist, poet Historically Astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky while Astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of Mathematics. An inventor is a person who creates or discovers a new method form device or other useful means A geographer is a Scientist whose area of study is Geography, the study of Earth 's physical environment and Human habitat The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A statesman or stateswoman or statesperson is usually a Politician or other notable figure of State who has had a long and respected career in Literature is the Art of written works Literally translated the word means "acquaintance with letters" (from Latin littera letter Feng Yi (馮異 was a Chinese General of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Zhang Ji may refer to Zhang Ji (military officer (military officer 170-223 Zhang Ji (poet (poet 8th century Zhang Zhongjing Zhang Zhongjing ( formal name Zhang Ji ( 150 - 219) was an Eastern Han physician and one of the most eminent Chinese physicians during The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Xu Shu was one of Liu Bei 's advisors during the Three Kingdoms era of China. Liu Bei (161– June 21 223) styled Xuándé (玄徳 was a general warlord and later the founding emperor of Shu Han during the The Three Kingdoms period ( is a period in the History of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of
• Sima Yi (179–251), a general, military strategist, and politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period
• Xun Yu (styled-named Wenruo), an advisor to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms period
• Xun You, an advisor to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms Period period
• Deng Ai (?–264), an officer of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period
• Fan Zhen (circa 450–515), a Chinese philosopher of the Southern Dynasty, remembered today for the treatise Shen Mie Lun (On the Annihilation of the Soul)

Transportation

Two important railway arteries, the Jingguang Railway (Beijing-Guangzhou) and the Longhai Railway (Lianyungang-Lanzhou), pass through Henan and cross at Zhengzhou, the provincial capital. Sima Yi (179 - 251 was a strategist general and politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of China. Cao Wei ( was one of the empires that competed for control of China during the Three Kingdoms period Xun Yu (163 - 212 styled Wenruo (文若 was a strategist and statesman who served as a key advisor to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms era of China Cáo Cāo ( 曹[[wikt 操|操]] 155 &ndash March 15, 220) was a regional Warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the Xun You (Stylename Gōngdá (157 - 214 was an advisor to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms era of China. Deng Ai (d264 was a talented general of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era of China. Cao Wei ( was one of the empires that competed for control of China during the Three Kingdoms period Fan Zhen (范縝 Hanyupinyin Fàn Zhěn (circa 450 - 515) was a Chinese philosopher of the Southern Dynasty, remembered today for The Southern dynasties 南朝 ( nanchao in Pinyin: nán cháo comprise the Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang Dynasty and Chen Jingguang railway ( Chinese: 京广铁路/京廣鐵路 or 京广线/京廣綫 is a major artery Railway in the China connecting Beijing West railway Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Administration The Prefecture-level city of Lianyungang administers 7 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 4 counties Lanzhou ( Postal map spelling: Lanchow is a Prefecture-level city and capital of Gansu province in northwestern China. Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. The Jingjiu Railway (Beijing-Kowloon) also passes through Henan. Jingjiu Railway (also known as Beijing-Kowloon Railway, Beijing-Kowloon Line;) is a railway in the People's Republic of China connecting Beijing West Kowloon refers to an urban area in Hong Kong made up of Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon, bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait in the east

With the recent completion of the Zhengzhou-Xinxiang expressway, there is an expressway that now crosses Henan from north to south, as part of a longer line linking Beijing with Shenzhen. Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. Xinxiang ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately Another expressway crosses Henan from east to west, and more are being built.

Xinzheng Airport is the province's main airport. Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport ( is the principal airport of Zhengzhou, Henan Province People's Republic of China.

Tourism

Henan is located in the Yellow River valley where ancient people lived. Earlier in the New Stone Age, the light of civilization had appeared and the delicate potteries in the Peiligang Culture and Yangshao Culture, and the character signs and musical instruments 8,000 years ago have filled the present world and the ancient times with wonders. Three of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China are in Henan: Luoyang, Kaifeng and Anyang. The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Kaifeng ( formerly known as Bianliang ( Bianjing ( Daliang ( or simply Liang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Anyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in Henan province, People's Republic of China. Henan is one of the provinces that has the most historical relics in the country. There are 16 key national units of protecting historical relics and 267 provincial units of protecting historical relics. The over-ground historical relics are the second in China in number. Historical relics in museums take up one-eighth of those in China, and the underground historical relics are the first in China in number. In Henan Museum there are 120,000 historical relics, including over 40,000 rare ones.

• Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory, the oldest astronomical observatory in China. Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory is situated in Duke Zhou Gong 's shrine Gaocheng Town near Dengfeng in Henan Province.
• Annual Peony Show in Luoyang. Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China.
• Mount Jigong, on the southern border.
• Mount Song, near Dengfeng, one of the Five Sacred Mountains of China. Mount Song, known in Chinese as Song Shan ( Simplified Chinese: 嵩山 Pinyin: Sōng Shān is one of the Taoist Five Sacred Dengfeng ( Chinese: 登封 Pinyin: Dēngfēng is a County-level city in Zhengzhou, Henan province
• Shaolin Temple, on Mount Song. The Shaolin Monastery or Shaolin Temple ( is a Chan Buddhist temple at Song Shan in Zhengzhou City Henan Province
• The Longmen Grottoes, near Luoyang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. The Longmen Grottoes ( ch 龍門石窟/ 龙门石窟 lóngmén shíkū lit United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex
• Songyue Pagoda
• Yinxu in Anyang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Songyue Pagoda, constructed in 523 CE is located at the Songyue Monastery on Mount Song, in Henan province China. Yinxu ( is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty ( 1766 BC - 1050 BC) Anyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in Henan province, People's Republic of China. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex
• Youguo Temple with the Iron Pagoda
• White Horse Temple in Luoyang
• Baligou(Eight-mile valley)八里沟 in Xinxiang
• Bigan Temple比干庙 in Xinxiang
• Luwang Mausoleum潞王陵 in Xinxiang
• Guan Mountain关山 in Xinxiang

Colleges and universities

Public (a partial list)

• Zhengzhou University (郑州大学)[8]
• Henan University (河南大学)[9]
• Henan Normal University(河南师范大学)[10]
• Henan University of Technology (河南工业大学)[11]
• Henan Agricultural University (河南农业大学) (founded 1913)
• Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine(河南中医学院)
• Henan University of Science and Technology (河南科技大学）
• Xinxiang University (新乡学院） [www. Youguo Temple ( is a Buddhist Monastery complex located northeast of Kaifeng, in Henan province, China. The Iron Pagoda (鐵塔 of Youguo Temple (佑國寺 Kaifeng City Henan province is a Buddhist Chinese pagoda built in 1049 AD White Horse Temple ( also White Horse Ministry) was the first Buddhist temple in China, established under the patronage of Emperor Ming in the Zhengzhou University ( colloquially known in Chinese as Zhengda (郑大 Zhengda) is a Public university located in Zhengzhou, Henan Henan University (河南大学 is a public University in Kaifeng, Henan, China. Henan Normal University ( Chinese: 河南师范大学 is in Xinxiang, Henan, China. Henan University of Technology (HUT) formerly known as Zhengzhou Institute of Technology and Zhengzhou Polytechnic Institute, is a public university in Zhengzhou Henan Agricultural University ( is a public university located in Zhengzhou, Henan, China. Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine ( HUTCM, Chinese: 河南中医学院 is a public university located in Zhengzhou, Henan, Henan University of Science and Technology (HUST Chinese: 河南科技大学 Pinyin: Hénán Kējì Dàxué formerly as Luoyang Institute of Technology xxu. edu. cn]
• Huanghe Science and Technology University (黄河科技学院)
• Nanyang Institute of Technology
• North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power (华北水利水电学院)
• Shangqiu Normal University(商丘师范学院)
• Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management (郑州航空工业管理学院)
• Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (郑州轻工业学院)
• Zhongyuan Institute of Technology (中原工学院)
• Henan Polytechnic (河南职业技术学院)[12]

Miscellaneous topics

Professional sports teams in Henan include:

• Chinese Basketball Association
  • Henan Dragons
• Chinese Football Association Jia League
  • Henan Jianye

See also

• Gao Yaojie
• List of laojiaos in Henan

Notes

External links

• Henan Government website
• Henan travel guide from Wikitravel

Wikitravel is a Web -based project "to create a free, complete up-to-date and reliable worldwide travel guide.

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic