The CTAG (Latvian: Cilvēktiesību aizstāvības grupa, Human Rights Defense Group) Helsinki-86 was founded in July, 1986 in the Latvian port town of Liepāja by three workers: Linards Grantiņš, Raimonds Bitenieks, and Mārtiņš Bariss. Latvian language (latviešu valoda is the official state language of Latvia. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Latvia ( Latvija officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region. Liepāja (liepaja) is a city in western Latvia on the Baltic sea and the administrative center of Liepāja district. Its name refers to the Helsinki Accords and the year of its founding. The Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, known as the Helsinki Final Act, Helsinki Accords or Helsinki Declaration, was
Helsinki-86 was the first openly anti-Communist organization, but also the first openly organized opposition to the Soviet regime, in the the former Soviet Union, setting an example for other ethnic minorities' pro-independence movements. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
Contents |
Role in the "Singing Revolution"
Helsinki-86 was an important early actor during the "Singing Revolution" in Latvia, during which the country regained its independence form the USSR. The Singing Revolution is a commonly used name for events between 1987 and 1990 that led to the restoration of the independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
By the beginning of 1988, there were nearly twenty members of Helsinki-86. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) The most prominent among them, aside from the founding members were Rolands Silaraups, Konstantins Pupurs, Juris Vidiņš, Juris Ziemelis, Alfreds Zariņš, Heino Lāma, and Edmunds Cirvelis. By mid-1988, some of the most active members had been expelled from the USSR by the Soviet authorities.
On June 14, 1987, the group organised the first peaceful anti-Communist demonstration with a customary placing of flowers at the base of the Freedom Monument (Latvian: Brīvības piemineklis) in the Latvian capital, Riga. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The Freedom Monument (Brīvības piemineklis is a memorial located in Riga, Latvia honoring soldiers killed during the Latvian War of Independence (1918-1920 Latvian language (latviešu valoda is the official state language of Latvia. Riga (Rīga riːga) the Capital of Latvia, is situated on the Baltic Sea coast on the mouth of the river Daugava. This event marked a turning point the rebirth of national courage and self-confidence in Latvia.
On August 23, 1987, the group organized a protest demonstration against the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which among numerous other historical events resulted in the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940, during the administration of Latvian President and Prime Minister Kārlis Ulmanis. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940 refers according to the European Court of Human Rights, the Government of Latvia the State Department of the United Kārlis Vilhelms Augusts Ulmanis (b September 4, 1877 in Bērze, Latvia – d Historically, on November 18, 1987, Latvian Independence Day was celebrated for the first time since 1940. Events 326 - The old St Peter's Basilica is consecrated 1302 - Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar)
On March 25, 1988 the group called for the Latvian people to gather by the Freedom Monument in Riga to commemorate the victims of Soviet terror. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) On that particular day, it became evident that the pro-independence leadership began a gradual transition of influence from Helsinki-86 to moderate Latvian Communists and nationally prominent figures, who openly invited Latvian citizens for the first time to come en masse to a different Riga location: the Cemetery of Fallen Soldiers. Communist Party of Latvia (Latvijas Komunistiskā partija LKP was a Political party in Latvia. The Brothers' Cemetery or Cemetery of the Brethren (Brāļu Kapi also sometimes referred to in English as the Common Graves or simply as the Military
On June 14, 1988, for the first time since the Soviet occupation, the group openly carried the Latvian national maroon-white-maroon flag through the streets of Riga. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) List of flags of Latvia The national flag of Latvia was re-adopted on February 27, 1990.
Since independence
A political party based on the Helsinki-86 organization was officially registered in 1998. A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) It was unsuccessful in the elections for Latvia's Saeima (parliament) later that year, as well as in the 2001 municipal elections. Saeima is the Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. It is a Unicameral parliament consisting of 100 members who are elected by Proportional representation Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.
In 2003 a new nationalist political party, National Power Unity, was formed on the basis of Helsinki-86 by Helsinki-86 members Aigars Prūsis and Viktors Birze. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation Aigars Prūsis (b January 5 1976, in Liepāja) was the leader of Latvia 's National Power Union, a Far-right nationalist Viktors Birze (b February 17 1982, in Liepāja) is the current chair of Latvia 's National Power Unity.
See also
External links
- Documents about Helsinki-86 at Historia.lv (Latvian)
- http://www.gramata21.lv/users/pupurs_konstantins/ (Latvian)
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic