Helen Keller
Keller in 1905
Born	June 27, 1880(1880-06-27) Tuscumbia, Alabama, USA
Died	June 1, 1968 (aged 87) Arcan Ridge, Westport, Connecticut, USA

Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880–June 1, 1968) was an American author, activist and lecturer. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Tuscumbia is a city in and the County seat of Colbert County, Alabama, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Westport is a coastal town located on Long Island Sound in Fairfield County, Connecticut, 47 miles north of New York City in the United The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created Activism, in a general sense can be described as intentional action to bring about social or political change She was the first deafblind person to graduate from college. Deafblindness is the condition of little or no useful sight and little or no useful hearing.

The story of how Keller's teacher, Annie Sullivan, broke through the isolation imposed by a near complete lack of language, allowing the girl to blossom as she learned to communicate, has become known worldwide through the dramatic depictions of the play The Miracle Worker. Anne Sullivan Macy, born Johanna Mansfield Sullivan, ( April 14, 1866 &ndash October 20, 1936) was a Teacher best The Miracle Worker is a cycle of 20th century dramatic works derived from Helen Keller 's Autobiography The Story of My Life

What is less well known is how Keller's life developed after she completed her education. A prolific author, she was well traveled, and was outspoken in her opposition to war. The term anti-war usually refers to the opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause. She campaigned for women's suffrage, workers' rights and socialism, as well as many other progressive causes. Labor rights or workers' rights are a group of Legal rights and claimed Human rights having to do with Labor relations between Workers Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution

Early childhood and illness

Helen Keller, age 8, with her tutor Anne Sullivan while vacationing on Cape Cod, July 1888 (photo re-discovered in 2008)

Helen Keller was born at an estate called Ivy Green^[1] in Tuscumbia, Alabama, on June 27, 1880, to Captain Arthur H. Ivy Green is the name for the childhood home of Helen Keller. Tuscumbia is a city in and the County seat of Colbert County, Alabama, United States. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Keller, a former officer of the Confederate Army, and Kate Adams Keller, a cousin of Robert E. Lee and daughter of Charles W. The War Department was established by the Confederate Congress in an act on February 21, 1861. Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated Adams, a former Confederate general. ^[2] The Keller family originates from Germany, and at least one source claims her father was of Swiss descent. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. ^[3] She was not born blind and deaf; it was not until nineteen months of age that she came down with an illness described by doctors as "an acute congestion of the stomach and the brain", which could have possibly been scarlet fever or meningitis. Scarlet fever is a disease caused by an Exotoxin released by Streptococcus pyogenes. Meningitis is Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the Brain and Spinal cord, known collectively as the Meninges. The illness did not last for a particularly long time, but it left her deaf and blind. At that time her only communication partner was Martha Washington, the six-year-old daughter of the family cook, who was able to create a sign language with her; by age seven, she had over 60 home signs to communicate with her family. A sign language (also signed language) is a Language which instead of acoustically conveyed Sound patterns uses visually transmitted sign patterns Home sign (or kitchen sign) is the gestural Communication system developed by a Deaf child who lacks input from a language model in the family

In his doctoral dissertation, "Deaf-blind Children (psychological development in a process of education)" (1971, Moscow Defectology Institute), Soviet blind-deaf psychologist Meshcheryakov asserted that Washington's friendship and teaching was crucial for Keller's later developments. A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. ^[4]

Keller and Sullivan in 1898

In 1886, her mother, inspired by an account in Charles Dickens' American Notes of the successful education of another deafblind child, Laura Bridgman, dispatched young Helen, accompanied by her father, to seek out Dr. American Notes for General Circulation is a travelogue by Charles Dickens detailing his trip to North America in January to June 1842 Laura Dewey Bridgman ( December 21, 1829 - May 24, 1889) is known as the first Deaf-blind American child to gain a significant J. Julian Chisolm, an eye, ear, nose and throat specialist in Baltimore, for advice. ^[5] He, subsequently, put them in touch with Alexander Graham Bell, who was working with deaf children at the time. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Bell advised the couple to contact the Perkins Institute for the Blind, the school where Bridgman had been educated, which was then located in South Boston. Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown Massachusetts is one of the oldest and most prominent schools for the blind in the United States The school delegated teacher and former student Anne Sullivan, herself visually impaired and then only 20 years old, to become Keller's instructor. Anne Sullivan Macy, born Johanna Mansfield Sullivan, ( April 14, 1866 &ndash October 20, 1936) was a Teacher best
It was the beginning of a 49-year-long relationship, eventually evolving into governess and then eventual companion. A governess is a female employee of a family who teaches children within their home A lady's companion was a woman of genteel birth who acted as a paid companion for women of rank or wealth

In 1890, ten-year-old Helen Keller was introduced to the story of Ragnhild Kåta, a deafblind Norwegian girl who had learned to speak. Ragnhild Tollefsen Kåta ( May 23 1873 – February 12 1947) was the first Deafblind person in Norway who received proper Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Kåta's success inspired Keller to want to learn to speak as well. Sullivan taught her charge to speak using the Tadoma method of touching the lips and throat of others as they speak, combined with fingerspelling letters on the palm of the child's hand. Tadoma is a method of communication used by deafblind people in which the deafblind person places his/her thumb on the speaker's lips and his fingers along the jawline Fingerspelling (or dactylology) is the representation of the letters of a Writing system, and sometimes Numeral systems using only the hands Later Keller learned Braille, and used it to read not only English but also French, German, Greek, and Latin. The Braille system is a method that is widely used by blind people to read and write English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Later she wrote 2 books and acted in a movie.

Formal education

In 1888, Keller attended the Royal Institute For the Blind. In 1894, Helen Keller and Anne Sullivan moved to New York City to attend the Wright-Humason School for the Deaf and Horace Mann School for the Deaf. The City of New York Wright-Humason School for the Deaf in New York City was a specialist School attended by Helen Keller from 1894-96 The Horace Mann School for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing is the oldest Public school for the Deaf and Hard of hearing in the United States, located In 1896, they returned to Massachusetts and Helen entered The Cambridge School for Young Ladies before gaining admittance, in 1900, to Radcliffe College. The Cambridge School of Weston is a private Coeducational High school in Weston, Massachusetts. Radcliffe College was a women's liberal arts college in Cambridge Massachusetts, and was the Coordinate college for Harvard University Her admirer Mark Twain had introduced her to Standard Oil magnate Henry Huttleton Rogers, who, with his wife, paid for her education. Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30 1835 – April 21 1910 better known by the Pen name Mark Twain, was an American Humorist, satirist Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing transporting refining and marketing company Henry Huttleston Rogers ( January 29 1840 &ndash May 19 1909) was a United States capitalist, Businessman In 1904, at the age of 24, Keller graduated from Radcliffe magna cum laude, becoming the first deafblind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree. Latin honors are Latin phrases used to indicate the level of academic distinction with which an Academic degree was earned ^[6]

Companions

Anne Sullivan stayed as a companion to Helen Keller long after she taught her. Anne married John Macy in 1905, and her health started failing around 1914. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Polly Thompson was hired to keep house. She was a young woman from Scotland who didn't have experience with deaf or blind people. She progressed to working as a secretary as well, and eventually became a constant companion to Helen. ^[7]

After Anne died in 1936, Helen and Polly moved to Connecticut. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. They travelled worldwide raising funding for the blind. Polly had a stroke in 1957 from which she never fully recovered, and died in 1960. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) ^[6]

Winnie Corbally, a nurse who was originally brought in to care for Polly Thompson in 1957, stayed on after Thompson's death and was Keller's companion for the rest of her life. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) ^[6]

Political activities

Keller went on to become a world-famous speaker and author. She is remembered as an advocate for people with disabilities amid numerous other causes. She was a suffragist, a pacifist, a Wilson opposer, a radical socialist, and a birth control supporter. Suffrage (from the Latin suffragium, meaning "voting tablet" and figuratively "right to vote" probably from suffrago "hough" and originally Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. Birth control, sometimes synonymous with contraception, is a regimen of one or more actions devices or Medications followed in order to deliberately prevent In 1915, Helen Keller and George Kessler founded the Helen Keller International (HKI) organization. Helen Keller International ( HKI) combats the causes and consequences of blindness and malnutrition by establishing programs based on evidence and research in vision health and This organization is devoted to research in vision, health and nutrition. In 1920, she helped to found the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). The American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU) consists of two separate Non-profit organizations the ACLU Foundation a 501(c(3 organization which focuses Keller and Sullivan traveled to over 39 countries, making several trips to Japan and becoming a favorite of the Japanese people. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The are the dominant Ethnic group of Japan. Worldwide approximately 130 million people are of Japanese descent of these approximately 127 million are residents of Japan Keller met every US President from Grover Cleveland to Lyndon B. Johnson and was friends with many famous figures, including Alexander Graham Bell, Charlie Chaplin, and Mark Twain. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18 1837 June 24 1908 was both the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30 1835 – April 21 1910 better known by the Pen name Mark Twain, was an American Humorist, satirist

Keller was a member of the Socialist Party and actively campaigned and wrote in support of the working classes from 1909 to 1921. The Socialist Party of America (SPA was a socialist Political party in the United States. Working class is a term used in academic Sociology and in ordinary conversation to describe depending on context and speaker those employed in specific fields or types Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar She supported Socialist Party candidate Eugene V. Debs in each of his campaigns for the presidency. Eugene Victor Debs (November 5 1855 &ndash October 20 1926 was an American union leader one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Newspaper columnists who had praised her courage and intelligence before she expressed her socialist views now called attention to her disabilities. The editor of the Brooklyn Eagle wrote that her "mistakes sprung out of the manifest limitations of her development. The Brooklyn Eagle, also called The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, was a daily newspaper published in Brooklyn, New York from October 26 " Keller responded to that editor, referring to having met him before he knew of her political views:

Keller joined the Industrial Workers of the World (known as the IWW or the Wobblies) in 1912,^[9] saying that parliamentary socialism was "sinking in the political bog. The Industrial Workers of the World ( IWW or the Wobblies) is an international union currently headquartered in Cincinnati Ohio, USA " She wrote for the IWW between 1916 and 1918. In Why I Became an IWW,^[10] Keller explained that her motivation for activism came in part from her concern about blindness and other disabilities:

The last sentence refers to prostitution and syphilis, the latter a leading cause of blindness. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. Syphilis is a Sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal Bacterium Treponema pallidum pallidum.

Keller and her friend Mark Twain were both considered radicals in the socio-political context present in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century, and as a consequence, their political views have been forgotten or glossed over in popular perception. Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30 1835 – April 21 1910 better known by the Pen name Mark Twain, was an American Humorist, satirist Political sociology is the study of power and the intersection of personality social structure and Politics. Politics of the United States takes place in the framework of a presidential, Federal republic where the President of the United States (the Head of The twentieth century of the Common Era began on ^[9]

Writings

One of Keller's earliest pieces of writing, at the age of eleven, was The Frost King (1891). The Frost King was a short story about King Jack Frost written by 12-year-old Helen Keller. There were allegations that this story had been plagiarized from The Frost Fairies by Margaret Canby. Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work An investigation into the matter revealed that Keller may have suffered from cryptomnesia, having once had Canby's story read to her, only to forget about it, although the memory had remained hidden in her subconscious. Cryptomnesia, or inadvertent plagiarism is a Memory bias whereby a person falsely recalls generating a thought an idea a song or a joke when the thought was actually generated ^[6]

At the age of 23, Keller published her autobiography, The Story of My Life (1903), with help from Sullivan and Sullivan's husband, John Macy. The Story of My Life, first published in 1903 is Helen Keller 's Autobiography detailing her early life especially her experiences with Anne Sullivan Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting It includes letters that Keller wrote and the story of her life up to age 21, and was written during her time in college. ^[6]

Helen wrote "The World I Live In" in 1908 giving readers an insight into how she felt about the world. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year ^[11] "Out of the Dark", a series of essays on Socialism, was published in 1913. .

Her spiritual autobiography, My Religion, was published in 1927 and re-issued as Light in my Darkness. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Light in My Darkness is a book originally published in 1927 as My Religion written by Helen Keller when she was 47 years old It advocates the teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg, the controversial mystic who gives a spiritual interpretation of the Last Judgment and second coming of Jesus Christ, and the movement named after him, Swedenborgianism. (born Emanuel Swedberg; February 8 1688–March 29 1772 was a Swedish Scientist, Philosopher, Christian mystic, and Theologian Mysticism (from the Greek grc μυστικός mystikos, an initiate of a Mystery religion) is the pursuit of communion with identity In Christian eschatology, the Last Judgment or Day of the Lord is the judgment by God of every human who ever lived In Christianity, the Second Coming is the anticipated return of Jesus Christ from Heaven to earth an event that will fulfill aspects of Messianic Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) The New Church Swedenborgianism is the belief system developed from the writings of the Swedish theologian Emanuel Swedenborg (1688 – 1772

In total Keller wrote 12 books and numerous articles.

Akita dog

When Keller visited Akita Prefecture in Japan in July 1937, she inquired about Hachikō, the famed Akita dog that had died in 1935. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku Region of northern Japan For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. known in Japanese as, was an Akita dog born in the city of Odate, Akita Prefecture remembered for his loyalty to his master The Akita Inu or Japanese Akita Inu (Japanese Akita is a Breed of large Dog originating in Japan, named for Akita Prefecture, She told a Japanese person that she would like to have an Akita dog; one was given to her within a month, with the name of Kamikaze-go. Kamikaze (神風 is a Japanese word usually translated as divine wind, believed to be a gift from the gods When he died of canine distemper, his older brother, Kenzan-go, was presented to her as an official gift from the Japanese government in July 1939. Canine distemper is a very serious viral Disease affecting animals in the families Canidae, Mustelidae, Mephitidae, Hyaenidae Keller is credited with having introduced the Akita to the United States through these two dogs. By 1938 a breed standard had been established and dog shows had been held, but such activities stopped after World War II began. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A breed standard (also called bench standard) in Animal fancy and Animal husbandry is a set of guidelines which is used to ensure that the animals World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Keller wrote in the Akita Journal:

Later life

Keller suffered a series of strokes in 1961 and spent the last years of her life at her home. ^[6]

On September 14, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson awarded Helen Keller the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the United States' highest two civilian honors. Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed ^[14] In 1965 she was elected to the Women's Hall of Fame at the New York World's Fair. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The National Women's Hall of Fame was created in 1969 by a group of people in Seneca Falls, New York, the location of the 1848 Women's Rights Convention ^[6]

Keller devoted much of her later life to raise funds for the American Foundation for the Blind. The American Foundation for the Blind is an American nonprofit that expands possibilities for people with Vision loss. She died in her sleep on June 1, 1968, passing away 26 days before her 88th birthday, at her home in Arcan Ridge near Westport, Connecticut. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Westport is a coastal town located on Long Island Sound in Fairfield County, Connecticut, 47 miles north of New York City in the United A service was held in her honor at the National Cathedral in Washington, DC and her ashes were placed there next to her constant companions, Anne Sullivan and Polly Thompson. Anne Sullivan Macy, born Johanna Mansfield Sullivan, ( April 14, 1866 &ndash October 20, 1936) was a Teacher best ^[6]

Posthumous honors

Helen Keller as depicted on the Alabama state quarter

In 1999, Keller was listed in Gallup's Most Widely Admired People of the 20th Century. Gallup's List of Widely Admired People, a poll of United States citizens to volunteer the names of the individuals whom they most admire is a list compiled annually by The Gallup

In 2003, Alabama honored its native daughter on its state quarter. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. The 50 State Quarters program ( is the release of a series of commemorative coins by the United States Mint. ^[15]

The Helen Keller Hospital in Sheffield, Alabama is dedicated to her. ^[16]

There is a street named after Helen Keller in Getafe, Spain. Getafe is a city in the southern zone of the Madrid metropolitan area, Spain, and one of the most populated and industrialized cities in the municipality Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.

Portrayals of Helen Keller

Keller's life has been interpreted many times. She appeared in a silent film, Deliverance (1919), which told her story in a melodramatic, allegorical style. Deliverance is a 1919 Silent film which tells the story of the life of Helen Keller and her teacher Annie Sullivan. ^[17]

The Miracle Worker is a cycle of dramatic works ultimately derived from her autobiography, The Story of My Life. The Miracle Worker is a cycle of 20th century dramatic works derived from Helen Keller 's Autobiography The Story of My Life Literary cycles are groups of stories grouped around common figures often (though not necessarily based on mythical figures or loosely on historic ones The Story of My Life, first published in 1903 is Helen Keller 's Autobiography detailing her early life especially her experiences with Anne Sullivan The various dramas each describe the relationship between Keller and Sullivan, depicting how the teacher led her from a state of almost feral wildness into education, activism, and intellectual celebrity. A feral child ( Feral, Wild, or undomesticated) is a human child who has lived isolated from human contact from a very young age and has no (or little The common title of the cycle echoes Mark Twain's description of Sullivan as a "miracle worker". Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30 1835 – April 21 1910 better known by the Pen name Mark Twain, was an American Humorist, satirist

Its first realization was the 1957 Playhouse 90 teleplay of that title by William Gibson. Playhouse 90, a 90-minute dramatic television anthology series was telecast on CBS from 1956 to 1961 for a total of 133 episodes See also Pre-production Screenwriting A screenplay or script is a written plan authored by a Screenwriter, for a Film or Television William Gibson (born November 13, 1914 in New York) is a Tony Award -winning American Playwright and Novelist He adapted it for a Broadway production in 1959 and an Oscar-winning feature film in 1962. The Miracle Worker is a three-act play by William Gibson adapted from his 1957 Playhouse 90 teleplay of the same name The Miracle Worker is a 1962 American Biographical film directed by Arthur Penn. It was remade for television in 1979 and 2000.

She was also the subject of the documentaries Helen Keller in Her Story, narrated by Katharine Cornell, and The Story of Helen Keller, part of the Famous Americans series produced by Hearst Entertainment. Helen Keller in Her Story (also known as The Unconquered) is a biographical documentary about Helen Keller, made in 1954. Katharine Cornell ( February 16 1893 - June 9 1974) was a stage actress writer and theater owner and producer. Hearst Communications Inc is a privately-held American -based Media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower in New York City, USA

In 1984, Helen Keller's life story was made into a TV movie called The Miracle Continues. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Helen Keller The Miracle Continues is a semi-sequel to the 1979 tele-film version of The Miracle Worker. ^[18] This film that entailed the semi-sequel to The Miracle Worker recounts her college years and her early adult life. None of the early movies hint at the social activism that would become the hallmark of Keller's later life, although The Walt Disney Company version produced in 2000 states in the credits that she became an activist for social equality. Activism, in a general sense can be described as intentional action to bring about social or political change Social equality is a social state of affairs in which all people within a specific society or isolated group have the same status in a certain respect

The Bollywood movie Black (2005) was largely based on Keller's story, from her childhood to her graduation. Bollywood (बॉलीवूड بالی وڈ is the informal term popularly used for the Mumbai -based Hindi-language Film industry in India Black ( Hindi: ब्लैक Urdu: بلیک) is a Hindi and Indian English film released in 2005 and directed by Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A documentary called Shining Soul: Helen Keller's Spiritual Life and Legacy was produced by the Swedenborg Foundation in the same year. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt in one fashion or another to " Document " reality The film focuses on the role played by Emanuel Swedenborg's spiritual theology in her life and how it inspired Keller's triumph over her triple disabilities of blindness, deafness and a severe speech impediment. (born Emanuel Swedberg; February 8 1688–March 29 1772 was a Swedish Scientist, Philosopher, Christian mystic, and Theologian

On March 6, 2008, the New England Historic Genealogical Society announced that a staff member had discovered a rare 1888 photograph showing Helen and Anne, which, although previously published, had escaped widespread attention. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The New England Historic Genealogical Society, also known as NEHGS, is the oldest and largest genealogical society in the United States, founded in 1845 ^[19] Depicting Helen holding one of her many dolls, it is believed to be the earliest surviving photograph of Anne. ^[20]

In 2008 Arcana Comics began publishing Helen Killer, a comic book by Andrew Kreisberg with art by Matthew Rice. Andrew Kreisberg (born April 23, 1971) is an American Television Writer. In it, a college aged Keller is given a device which allows her to see and hear and which increases her physical abilities, at which point she is hired to protect the President of the United States. ^[21][22]

References

External links

Works by Keller

• 'The Story of My Life by Helen Keller, available at Project Gutenberg. Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works
• The Story of My Life with introduction to the text
• Keller, Helen [1908] (2004). The World I Live In, NYRB Classics 2004, New York: NYRB Classics. ISBN 978-1590170670.  
• Keller, Helen [1927] (2000). Light in my Darkness, 2nd Edition, Chrysalis Books. ISBN 978-0877853985.  
• Works by Helen Keller at Project Gutenberg

Politics

• Marxists Internet Archive: Helen Keller Reference Archive. Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works The Marxists Internet Archive (also known as MIA or Marxistsorg) is a volunteer based non-profit organization that maintains a multi-lingual Internet Archive
• "How I Became A Socialist", by Helen Keller, 1912-11-03
• "Rethinking the Problematic Icon" Contrasts the iconic image of Keller as disabled saint with her real life in social and political activism.

IMDb

• Deliverance (1919) at the Internet Movie Database
• Helen Keller at the Internet Movie Database - Animated biography of Helen Keller on DVD
• Helen Keller: The Miracle Continues (1984) (TV) at the Internet Movie Database
• "Playhouse 90" The Miracle Worker (1957) at the Internet Movie Database
• The Miracle Worker (1962) at the Internet Movie Database
• The Miracle Worker (1979) TV at the Internet Movie Database
• The Miracle Worker (2000) TV at the Internet Movie Database

Other

• 1925 interview in the Minneapolis Daily Star
• American Foundation for the Blind's Helen Keller collection
• Helen Keller Kids Museum Online
• Obituary in the New York Times
• The Helen Keller Services for the blind