| Heinrich von Kleist | |
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| Born | Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist October 18, 1777 |
| Died | November 21, 1811 (suicide) |
| Occupation | poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer |
| Nationality | German |
| Literary movement | Romanticism |
| Notable work(s) | Penthesilea; Prinz Friedrich von Homburg; Die Marquise von O |
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Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist (October 18, 1777 – November 21, 1811) was a German poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer and patriot. Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty This is a list of modern literary movements: that is movements after the Renaissance. Penthesilea (1808 is a Tragedy by the German Playwright Heinrich von Kleist. Die Marquise von O (English The Marquise of O) is a German novella by Heinrich von Kleist, published in 1808 ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfgaŋ fɔn ˈgøːtə (in English generally ˈgɝːtə 28 August 1749 22 March 1832 was a German writer Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller krɪstɔf friːtʁɪç fɔn ʃɪləʁ/ʃɪlɐ (10 November 1759 9 May 1805 was a German Poet, Philosopher Philip Pullman CBE (born October 19, 1946) is an English writer. Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is a person who writes dramatic literature or Drama. A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story The short story is a literary genre of Fictional Prose Narrative that tends to be more concise and to the point than longer works of fiction such The Kleist Prize, a prestigious prize for German literature, is named after him. The Kleist Prize is an annual German literature prize The prize was first awarded in 1912 on the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of the death of Heinrich von Kleist
Contents |
Life
Kleist was born into the von Kleist family in Frankfurt an der Oder in the Margraviate of Brandenburg. Von Kleist is a Prussian noble family Notable members of this family include Ewald Jürgen Georg von Kleist (ca Frankfurt (Oder is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River on the German- Polish border directly opposite the The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 After a scanty education, he entered the Prussian Army in 1792, served in the Rhine campaign of 1796, and retired from the service in 1799 with the rank of lieutenant. The Prussian Army (Preußische Armee was the Army of the Kingdom of Prussia. The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1795, with the French in an increasingly strong position as members of the First Coalition made separate peaces He next studied law and philosophy at the Viadrina University, and in 1800 received a subordinate post in the Ministry of Finance at Berlin. Viadrina European University (Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder hence its frequent appearance as " European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder " in
In the following year, Kleist's roving, restless spirit got the better of him, and procuring a lengthened leave of absence he visited Paris and then settled in Switzerland. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Here he found congenial friends in Heinrich Zschokke and Ludwig Friedrich August Wieland (d. Johann Heinrich Daniel Zschokke ( March 22, 1771 &ndash June 27, 1848) was a German Author and reformer 1819), son of the poet Christoph Martin Wieland; and to them he read his first drama, a gloomy tragedy, Die Familie Schroffenstein (1803), originally entitled Die Familie Ghonorez. Christoph Martin Wieland ( September 5, 1733 &ndash January 20, 1813) was a German Poet and writer
In the autumn of 1802, Kleist returned to Germany; he visited Goethe, Schiller, and Wieland in Weimar, stayed for a while in Leipzig and Dresden, again proceeded to Paris, and returning in 1804 to his post in Berlin was transferred to the Domänenkammer (department for the administration of crown lands) at Königsberg. ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfgaŋ fɔn ˈgøːtə (in English generally ˈgɝːtə 28 August 1749 22 March 1832 was a German writer Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller krɪstɔf friːtʁɪç fɔn ʃɪləʁ/ʃɪlɐ (10 November 1759 9 May 1805 was a German Poet, Philosopher Weimar (ˈvaɪmaʁ is a City in Germany. It is located in the Bundesland of Thuringia (Thüringen north of the Thüringer Wald, This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German Königsberg (Karaliaučius Low German: Königsbarg; Królewiec see also other names) was until 1946 the name of Kaliningrad. On a journey to Dresden in 1807, Kleist was arrested by the French as a spy, and being sent to France was kept for six months a close prisoner at Châlons-sur-Marne. The Empire of the French (1804-1814 also known as the Empire of France, Greater French Empire, First French Empire, French Empire, or Châlons-en-Champagne is a city and commune in France. It is the administrative centre ( Préfecture) of both the département On regaining his liberty, he proceeded to Dresden, where, in conjunction with Adam Heinrich Müller (1779-1829), he published the journal Phöbus in 1808. Adam Heinrich Müller ( June 30, 1779 - January 17, 1829) was a German publicist literary critic political economist theorist of the state Phöbus &mdash Ein Journal für die Kunst was a literary journal published by Heinrich von Kleist and Adam Heinrich Müller in Dresden
In 1809 Kleist went to Prague, and ultimately settled in Berlin, where he edited (1810/1811) the Berliner Abendblätter. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Captivated by the intellectual and musical accomplishments of a certain Frau Henriette Vogel, Kleist, who was himself more disheartened and embittered than ever, agreed to do her bidding and die with her, carrying out this resolution by first shooting the lady and then himself on the shore of the Wannsee near Potsdam, on 21 November 1811. The Wannsee is both a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany, and a linked pair of Lakes adjoining Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
Kleist's whole life was filled by a restless striving after ideal and illusory happiness, and this is largely reflected in his work. He was by far the most important North German dramatist of the Romantic movement, and no other of the Romanticists approaches him in the energy with which he expresses patriotic indignation. For the general context see Romanticism. In the Philosophy, Art, and Culture of German -speaking countries German Romanticism
A life with a plan
In the spring of 1799, then 21-year-old Kleist wrote a letter to his half-sister Ulrike in which he found it 'incomprehensible how a human being can live without a plan for his life' (Lebensplan). [1] In effect, Kleist sought and discovered an overwhelming sense of security by looking to the future with a definitive plan for his life. [1] It brought him happiness and assured him of confidence, especially knowing that life without a plan only saw despair and discomfort. [1] The irony of his later suicide has been the fodder of his critics.
Literary Works
His first tragedy, Die Familie Schroffenstein, has been already referred to; the material for the second, Penthesilea (1808), queen of the Amazons, is taken from a Greek source and presents a picture of wild passion. Penthesilea (1808 is a Tragedy by the German Playwright Heinrich von Kleist. In Greek mythology, Penthesilea (Greek Πενθεσίλεια or Penthesileia was an Amazonian queen daughter of Ares and Otrera More successful than either of these was his romantic play, Das Käthchen von Heilbronn, oder Die Feuerprobe (1808), a poetic drama full of medieval bustle and mystery, which has retained its popularity.
In comedy, Kleist made a name with Der zerbrochne Krug (in Eng. Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and The Broken Jug) (1811), while Amphitryon (1808), an adaptation of Molière's comedy, is of less importance. The Broken Jug (Der Zerbrochne Krug is a play written by Heinrich von Kleist. Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, also known by his Stage name, Molière, ( January 15, 1622 – February 17 1673) was a French Of Kleist's other dramas, Die Hermannsschlacht (1809) is a dramatic work of anti-Napoleonic propoganda, written as Austria and France went to war. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The War of the Fifth Coalition in 1809 pitted a coalition of the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom against Napoleon 's French Empire and It has been described by Carl Schmitt as the "greatest partisan work of all time". Carl Schmitt ( July 11 1888 April 7 1985) was a German Jurist, Political theorist, and professor of Law [2] In it he gives vent to his hatred of his country's oppressors. This, together with the drama Prinz Friedrich von Homburg, which is among his best works, was first published by Ludwig Tieck in Kleist's Hinterlassene Schriften (1821). Johann Ludwig Tieck ( May 31, 1773 &ndash April 28, 1853) was a German Poet, Translator, editor Robert Guiskard, a drama conceived on a grand plan, was left a fragment.
Kleist was also a master in the art of narrative, and of his Gesammelte Erzählungen (1810-1811), Michael Kohlhaas, in which the famous Brandenburg horse dealer in Martin Luther's day is immortalized, is one of the best German stories of its time. Michael Kohlhaas is an 1811 Novella by Heinrich von Kleist, based on a 16th century story of Hans Kohlhase. Brandenburg ( Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer The Earthquake in Chile (Das Erdbeben in Chili) and St. Cecilia, or the Power of Music (Die heilige Cäcilie oder die Gewalt der Musik) are also fine examples of Kleist's story telling as is Die Marquise von O. The Earthquake in Chile, in German Das Erdbeben in Chili, is a Novella written by Heinrich von Kleist (1777-1811 St Cecilia or the Power of Music (Die heilige Cäcilie oder die Gewalt der Musik is a short story by the German author Heinrich von Kleist. Die Marquise von O (English The Marquise of O) is a German novella by Heinrich von Kleist, published in 1808 His short narratives have largely influenced Kafka's. He also wrote patriotic lyrics in the context of the Napoleonic Wars. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions
A German Romantic
Apparently a Romantic by context, predilection, and temperament, Kleist subverts clichéd ideas of Romantic longing and themes of nature and innocence and irony, instead taking up subjective emotion and contextual paradox to show individuals in moments of crises and doubt, with both tragic and comic outcomes, but as often as not his dramatic and narrative situations end without resolution. Because Kleist’s works so often present an unresolved enigma and do so with careful attention to language, they transcend their period and have as much impact on readers and viewers today as they have had over the last two hundred years. He is a precursor of both modernism and postmodernism; his work receives as much attention from scholars today as it ever has. Modernism describes an array of Cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement' While " Modern " itself refers to something "related to the present" the movement of modernism
Seen as a precursor to Ibsen and modern drama because of his attention to the real and detailed causes of characters’ emotional crises, he was also understood as a nationalist poet in the German context of the early twentieth century, and was instrumentalized by Nazi scholars and critics as a kind of proto-Nazi author. "Ibsen" redirects here For other people named Ibsen see Ibsen (disambiguation. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German To this day, many scholars see his play Die Hermannsschlacht ("The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest", 1808) as prefiguring the subordination of the individual to the service of the Volk (nation) that became a principle of fascist ideology in the twentieth century. The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest took place in the year 9 A Kleist criticism of the last generation has repudiated nationalist criticism and concentrated instead mainly on psychological, structural and post-structural, philosophical, and narratological modes of reading.
Kleist wrote one of the lasting comedies and most staged plays of the German canon, Der zerbrochne Krug ("The Broken Jug", 1803-05), in which a provincial judge gradually and inadvertently shows himself to have committed the crime under investigation. In the enigmatic drama Prinz Friedrich von Homburg (1811), a young officer struggles with conflicting impulses of romantic self-actualization and obedience to military discipline. Prince Friedrich, who had expected to be executed for his successful but unauthorized initiative in battle, is surprised to receive a laurel wreath from Princess Natalie. To his question, whether this is a dream, the regimental commander Kottwitz replies, "A dream, what else?"
Kleist wrote his eight novellas later in his life and they show his radically original prose style, which is at the same time careful and detailed, almost bureaucratic, but also full of grotesque, ironic illusions and various sexual, political, and philosophical references. His prose often concentrates on minute details that then serve to subvert the narrative and the narrator, and throw the whole process of narration into question. In Die Verlobung in Santo Domingo ("Betrothal in St. Domingo", 1811) Kleist examines the themes of ethics, loyalty, and love in the context of the colonial rebellion in Haiti of 1803, driving the story with the expected forbidden love affair between a young white man and a black rebel woman, though the reader's expectations are confounded in typically Kleistian fashion, since the man is not really French and the woman is not really black. The Revolution (1791–1804 was the most successful of African Slave rebellions in the Western Hemisphere Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Here for the first time in German literature Kleist addresses the politics of a race-based colonial order and shows, through a careful exploration of a kind of politics of color (black, white, and intermediate shades), the self-deception and ultimate impossibility of existence in a world of absolutes.
Philosophical Essays
Kleist is also famous for his essays on subjects of aesthetics and psychology which, to the closer look, show an unfathomable insight into the metaphysical questions discussed by philosophers of his time, such as Kant, Fichte and Schelling. Aesthetics or esthetics ( also spelled æsthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values sometimes called Immanuel Kant (ɪmanuəl kant 22 April 1724 12 February 1804 was an 18th-century German Philosopher from the Prussian city of Königsberg Johann Gottlieb Fichte ( May 19, 1762 – January 27, 1814) was a German philosopher
On the Gradual Production of Thoughts Whilst Speaking
In the first of his larger essays, "Über die allmähliche Verfertigung der Gedanken beim Reden" (On the gradual development of thoughts in the process of speaking), Kleist shows the conflict of thought and feeling in the soul of man, leading to unforeseeable results through incidents which in their turn provoke the inner forces of the soul to express themselves in a spontaneous flow of ideas and words, both stimulating one another to further development. Kleist's view of the hidden forces in the human soul and the quite instable and endangered position of the mind in their struggle can be compared to Freud's psychoanalytic model of the soul, especially to his notion of the "unconscious" and its hidden influences on the ego. Sigmund Freud (ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt born Sigismund Shlomo Freud (May 6 1856 &ndash September 23 1939 was an Austrian Psychiatrist who founded
Kleist claims that most people are advised to only speak about what they already understand. [3] Instead of talking about what you already know, Kleist admonishes his readers to speak to others with "the sensible intention of instructing yourself. "[3] Fostering a dialogue through the art of "skillful questioning" is the key behind achieving a rational or enlightened state of mind. [3] And yet, Kleist employs the example of the French Revolution as the climactic event of the Enlightenment era whereby man broke free from his dark and feudal chains in favor of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Liberty, the freedom to act or believe without being stopped by unnecessary force It is not that easy though for Kleist. Man cannot simply guide himself into the future with a rational mind as his primary tool. Therefore, Kleist strongly advocates for the usefulness of reflection ex post facto or after the fact. [4] In doing so, man will be able to mold his collective consciousness in a manner conducive to the principles of freewill. Consciousness has been defined loosely as a constellation of attributes of Mind such as Subjectivity, Self-awareness, Sentience, and the The question of free will By reflecting after the fact, man will avoid the seemingly detestable inhibitions offered in rational thought. In other words, the will to power has "its splendid source in the feelings," and thus, man must overcome his "struggle with Fate" with a balanced mixture of wisdom and passion. The will to power ( German: " Der Wille zur Macht " is a prominent concept in the Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. Wisdom is a concept of personal gaining of Knowledge, Understanding, Experience, discretion and intuitive understanding, along with a capacity Passion (from the Latin patior, meaning to suffer or to endure is an emotion of feeling very strongly about a person [4]
The metaphysical theory in and behind Kleist's first essay is that consciousness, man's ability to reflect, is the expression of a fall out of nature's harmony, which may either lead to disfunction, when the flow of feelings is interrupted or blocked by thought, or to the stimulation of ideas, when the flow of feelings is cooperating or struggling with thought. A state of total harmony, however, cannot be reached. Only in total harmony of thought and feeling life and consciousness would come to be identical through the total insight of the mind, an idea elaborated and ironically presented in Kleist's second essay "The Puppet Theatre" or "On the Marionette Theater" (Über das Marionettentheater).
In a simulated dialogue, Kleist has one of the interlocutors comment that marionettes possess a grace humans do not, a view which contradicts all aesthetic concepts of the past. Our consciousness and capacity for reflection cause us to doubt ourselves or become self-conscious, and prevent us from acting with the singlemindedness and purity of an animal or a puppet. And yet, consciousness is the effect of eating from the tree of knowledge, and we cannot escape it, as long as we are barred from Eden. The interlocutor suggests that the only way out of this dilemma would be to go all the way through, because the garden of Eden could possibly be open on the other side: if we continue to become more intelligent, wiser, and more self-aware, we may eventually be able to carry out the actions we choose, with the same confidence and harmony as a marionette dancing on the strings of a puppeteer. Consciousness creates a split in our nature, rendering us neither animals nor gods. The ultimate development of humankind would be to bring these two parts of ourselves into harmony and no longer suffer doubt or internal conflict. The ending of the essay might seem hopeful, but it leaves the question open as to whether this kind of perfection will ever be possible. It is difficult to determine Kleist's intentions or personal view, because the two interlocutors in the dialogue are obviously presented in an ironic way. Rather than a serious proposal of Kleist's ideas it seems more like an ironic play on the vain ideals of classicism and romanticism.
This essay also shows Fichte's influence on Kleist. Similar to Kleist, Fichte had emphasised man's ability and necessity to develop his mind in infinity, without ever being able to reach identity with the absolute, because the individual's existence just hangs on the difference.
Without Kleist saying this expressedly, works of art, such as his own, may offer an artificial image of this ideal, though this is in itself wrenched out from the same sinful state of insufficiency and rupture that it wants to transcend.
Kleist's philosophy is the ironic rebuff of all theories of human perfection, whether this perfection is projected in a golden age at the beginníng (Hölderlin, Novalis), in the present (Hegel), or in the future (as the philosophers of the enlightenment and still Marx would have seen it). Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin (ˈjoːhan ˈkrɪstiaːn ˈfriːdrɪç 'hœldərliːn in German March 20, 1770 &ndash June 6, 1843 Novalis (noˈvaːlɪs was the Pseudonym of Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg ( May 2, 1772 - March 25, 1801 The Age of Enlightenment or The Enlightenment is a term used to describe a phase in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the eighteenth century His essays show man, like the literary works, torn apart by conflicting forces and held together on the surface only by illusions, like that of real love (if this was not the worst of all illusions). Jeronimo, for example, in Kleist's The Earthquake in Chile, is presented as emotionally and socially repressed and incapable of self-control, but still clinging to religious ideas and hopes. At the end of a process marked by chance, luck and coincidence, and driven by greed, hatred and the lust for power, embodied in a repressive social order, the human being that at the beginning had been standing between execution and suicide, is murdered by a mob of brutalized maniacs who mistake their hatred for religious feelings.
The ending of this novella could be used to describe Kleist's concept of life as well as his philosophy and aesthetics, expressed in the ironic style which fits the content: "And sometimes . . . it almost seemed to him, that he ought to be happy. "
Bibliography
His Gesammelte Schriften were published by Ludwig Tieck (3 vols. 1826) and by Julian Schmidt (new ed. 1874); also by F. Muncker (4 vols. 1882); by T. Zolling (4 vols. 1885); by K. Siegen, (4 vols. 1895); and in a critical edition by E. Schmidt (5 vols. 1904-1905). His Ausgewählte Dramen were published by K. Siegen (Leipzig, 1877); and his letters were first published by E. von Bühlow, Heinrich von Kleists Leben und Briefe (1848).
See further
- G. Minde-Pouet, Heinrich von Kleist, seine Sprache und sein Stil (1897);
- R. Steig, Heinrich von Kleists Berliner Kämpfe (1901);
- F. Servaes, Heinrich von Kleist (1902);
- Joachim Maass Kleist : a biography, translated from the German by Ralph Manheim (1983);
- Carol Jacobs, Uncontainable romanticism : Shelley, Brontë, Kleist(1989)
- Heinz Ohff, Heinrich von Kleist: Ein preussisches Schicksal, Piper Verlag, Munich (2004) (ISBN 3-492-04651-7)
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
Meldrum Brown, Hilda. Heinrich Von Kleist The Ambiguity of Art and the Necessity of Form. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1998)
- ^ a b c Heinrich von Kleist, The Marquise of O- and other stories. Ed. and Trans. by David Luke and Nigel Reeves. (New York: Penguin Books, 1978), 7.
- ^ Schmitt, Carl, The Theory of the Partisan, page 5
- ^ a b c Heinrich von Kleist, On the Gradual Production of Thoughts Whilst Speaking. Ed. and Trans. by David Constantine. (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 2004), 405.
- ^ a b Heinrich von Kleist, On the Gradual Production of Thoughts Whilst Speaking. Ed. and Trans. by David Constantine. (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 2004), 410.
Opera adaptations
- Der Prinz von Homburg (1960), composed by Hans Werner Henze
- Der zerbrochne Krug (1968/69), composed by Fritz Geißler
- Penthesilea (1927), composed by Othmar Schoeck
Films
- 1969 Wie Zwei fröhliche Luftschiffer (Like Two Merry Aeronauts), 85 min; Writer and Director: Jonatan Briel; DFFB Production
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- Plot: The last three days Kleist's life. Der Prinz von Homburg ("The Prince of Homburg" is a German-language Opera in three acts by Hans Werner Henze with a libretto by Ingeborg Hans Werner Henze (born July 1 1926 Gütersloh, Germany is a German composer well known for his left-wing political convictions The Broken Jug (Der Zerbrochne Krug is a play written by Heinrich von Kleist. Fritz Geißler (or Geissler) ( 16 September 1921 in Wurzen, Germany &ndash 11 January, 1984 in Bad Saarow Penthesilea is a one-act Opera by Othmar Schoeck, to a German-language Libretto by the composer after the work of the same name by Othmar Schoeck ( Brunnen, Switzerland September 1 1886 &ndash March 8 1957) was a Swiss Composer. Jonatan Karl Dieter Briel ( June 9, 1942 - December 26, 1988) was a German director screenplay author and actor With his lover, Henriette Vogel, dying of cancer, Kleist philosophizes about life and welcomes his planned suicide.
External links
- List of German-language playwrights
- The Kleist Archive (German)
- Works by Heinrich von Kleist at Project Gutenberg (German)
- "On the Marionette Theatre," Translated by Idris Parry
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kleist, Heinrich von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kleist, Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | German poet, dramatist, novelist and short story writer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 18, 1777 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Frankfurt an der Oder, Prussia |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 21, 1811 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Wannsee, near Berlin |
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