Hein ter Poorten (21 November 1887, Buitenzorg - 15 January 1968, The Hague), was the commander of the Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger (Royal Netherlands Indies Army; KNIL) in the Pacific campaign of World War II. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Bogor is a city in West Java with a population of approximately 800000 people in the CBD area and 2000000 in suburban area bringing a total of 3 million population Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army ( Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger; KNIL was the army of the Netherlands in its former Colony of the The Pacific War was the part of World War II —and preceding conflicts—that took place in the Pacific Ocean, its islands and in East Asia, between World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Ter Poorten was also Allied land forces commander in the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command, during early 1942. The Allies of World War II were the countries officially opposed to the Axis powers during the Second World War. The American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA Command, code name ABDACOM, was a short-lived supreme command for all Allied forces in South East Asia, in
Early
He was born in Buitenzorg (now Bogor), Java, which was then part of the Netherlands East Indies. Bogor is a city in West Java with a population of approximately 800000 people in the CBD area and 2000000 in suburban area bringing a total of 3 million population Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. See http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/WikipediaFootnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the tags and the template below After having been sworn in as an artillery officer in 1911, Ter Poorten helped to found the army air force, and in 1919 began a course at the Hogere Krijgsschool staff college in the Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands
World War II
He steadily rose up the ranks upon his return to the East Indies, and by July 1939 was the Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger (Royal Netherlands Indies Army; KNIL) Chief of the General Staff. The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army ( Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger; KNIL was the army of the Netherlands in its former Colony of the Lt Gen. Gerardus Johannes Berenschot's death in a flying accident in October 1941 saw Ter Poorten, by now a Lieutenant General, promoted to Commander in Chief of the KNIL. Gerardus Johannes Berenschot ( July 24, 1887, Sumatra – October 13, 1941, Java) was born in the Dutch East Indies
Ter Poorten was regarded by his contemporaries in the army as a skilled commander with a firm understanding of military affairs in the East Indies, and thus was able to get on well with his subordinates and fellow officers; his relations with the civilian administration were less successful.
In January 1942, following the outbreak of war with Japan, Ter Poorten was appointed commander of land forces in the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command, a short-lived unified command of all Allied forces in South East Asia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA Command, code name ABDACOM, was a short-lived supreme command for all Allied forces in South East Asia, in
By March, Ter Poorten became the de facto head of all Allied forces on Java, following rapid Japanese advances and the break-up of ABDACOM. In general allies are people groups or nations that have joined together in an association for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose It was left to him to unconditionally surrender the island to the Japanese. He spent the rest of the war in various prisoner of war camps, and in 1945 returned to the Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands
Pearl Harbor
In the many investigations into how Pearl Harbor could have happened, particularly at the largest, a Congressional Inquiry in 1945, there was a focus on whether the Japanese had sent a message to their embassies saying "east winds rain" which would have meant cutting off relations with the US ("north winds rain' meant USSR, "west wind rain" meant the UK), including the burning of code books. It was also an issue whether US military intelligence had intercepted this message. One important Navy intelligence officer, Lawrence Safford, claimed it had come in, but was later removed from the files. Captain Laurance F Safford (1890 &ndash 1973 was a US Navy cryptologist. There has been an issue ever since about this message. It is called the "winds code message" or the "winds execute message. " General ter Poorten plays a role in this controversy.
Layton, And I Was There: Pearl Harbor and Midway—Breaking the Secrets (1985), pp. 521-2:
| “ | Further corroboration that the Japanese transmitted a winds code was provided by Brigadier General R. Thorpe, who in 1940 was lend-lease commissioner and military observer with the Dutch command on Java. Thorpe, who did not testify at any of the Pearl Harbor investigations, later claimed that the commander of the Dutch army in the East Indies -- General Hein ter Poorten--showed him a winds execute message. It was contained in a decrypt of 'an intercepted and decoded dispatch from the Foreign Office in Tokyo addressed to the Japanese ambassador or Bangkok. ' Thorpe took it to the American consul general in Batavia, who forwarded it to Washington -- but with a comment to the effect that it was not to be taken seriously. Not content with Dr. Walter Foote's assessment, Thorpe -- whose own code books were a hundred miles away in his Bandoeng office -- took his message to the senior naval attache, Commander Paul S. Slawson, who sent it off in navy cipher. | ” |
When the message was shown to the Congressional inquiry, it contained only details of the "winds code setup" not the "execute phrase. " Ter Poorten recalled in 1960 that he'd sent a teletype of the message to Washington. The Dutch embassy in Honolulu also got a copy. Ter Poorten says he did not specifically mention Pearl Harbor. He also said that when the Dutch in DC delivered the message to the US army, the only response from General Marshall was to ask the source of the information.
"The Dutch intelligence records were all destroyed before their evacuation of Bandoeng. " Thorpe also claimed, however, that while stationed in Japan after the war he eventually located the Japanese who had actually transmitted the message.
| “ | Thorpe's account is supported with information that has recently surfaced in the Royal Netherlands archives. Dutch army headquarters in Bandoeng, Java, maintained throughout 1941 a small but highly successful cryptanalytic unit that had succeeded in breaking into the Japanese diplomatic codes independently of the American or British efforts. Although they had not penetrated Purple, they were reading the messages in the Red machine cipher and also the J-19 consular traffic. This article is about the Japanese cipher Purple also known as AN-1 (citation for AN-1 nomenclature for Purple? | ” |
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