| Heidelberg | |
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| Coat of arms | Location |
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| Administration | |
| Country |  Germany |
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| State | Baden-Württemberg |
| Admin. region | Karlsruhe |
| District | Urban district |
| Lord Mayor | Eckart Würzner (Ind.) |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 108. History Before the Castle's destruction Early History Heidelberg was first mentioned in 1196 as Heidelberch. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states ( Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany. A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Karlsruhe is one of the four administrative districts( Regierungsbezirk) of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the north-west of the state German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 429 districts (not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk) these consist The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city with special recognition In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 83 km² (42 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 114 m (374 ft) |
| Population | 142,993 (31/12/2005) |
| - Density | 1,314 /km² (3,403 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | HD |
| Postal codes | 69115–69126 |
| Area codes | +49 6221 |
| Website | www.heidelberg.de |
Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states ( Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. As of 2005, 140,000 people live within the city's 109 km² (42 miles²) area. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The town of Heidelberg is an administrative district of its own. Although not being part of it, the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, the rural district, which surrounds the town, has its seat in Heidelberg. This article is about the German district Rhein-Neckar-Kreis.
Heidelberg lies on the river Neckar at the point where it leaves its narrow, steep valley in the Odenwald to flow into the Rhine valley where, 20 km (12. The Neckar is a 367-km long River, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse The Odenwald (ˈoːd(ənvalt is a low mountain range in Hesse, Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg in Germany. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand 4 miles) Northwest of Heidelberg, it joins the river Rhine at Mannheim. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge Mannheim is a City in Germany. With 327318 inhabitants it is the second-largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart Heidelberg is part of a densely populated region known as the Rhein-Neckar-Triangle. This article is about the greater Rhine Neckar area in Germany.
Contents |
History
Approximately 600,000 years ago, the "Heidelberg Man", whose jaw-bone was discovered in 1907, the earliest evidence of human life in Europe, died at nearby Mauer. Homo heidelbergensis ("Heidelberg Man" is an Extinct Species of the Genus Homo which may be the direct ancestor
In the 5th century BC there was a Celtic fortress of refuge and place of worship on the Heiligenberg, or "Mountain of Saints". The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts Both places can still be identified.
In 40 a fort was built and occupied by the 24th Roman cohort and the 2nd Cyrenaican cohort (CCG XXIIII and CCH II CYR). Year 40 was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Romans built and maintained castra (permanent camps) and a signalling tower on the bank of the Neckar, and built a wooden bridge across the Neckar. The Neckar is a 367-km long River, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse The first civilian settlements would develop under the protection of the camp. The Romans remained until 260, when the camp was conquered by German tribes. Events By Place Roman Empire Gallienus becomes Emperor Gallienus defends what remains of the empire against barbarians and
Modern Heidelberg can trace its beginnings to the 5th century when the village Bergheim ("Mountain Home") is first mentioned in documents dated to 769. The 5th century is the period from 401 to 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in Anno Domini / Common Era. Events By Topic Religion Pope Stephen III holds a council papal election procedure is changed and the devotion to Icons is confirmed Bergheim now lies in the middle of modern Heidelberg.
In 863 the monastery of St. Michael was founded on the Heiligenberg inside the double rampart of the Celtic fortress, and around 1130 the Neuberg Monastery was founded in the Neckar valley. The Neckar is a 367-km long River, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse At the same time the bishopric of Worms extended its influence into the valley, founding Schönau Abbey in 1142. Worms (voɐms is a City in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the Rhine River Schönau Abbey ( Kloster Schönau) in Schönau in the Odenwald, in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in Baden-Württemberg, was a Cistercian Modern Heidelberg can trace its roots to this monastery.
In 1155, Heidelberg castle and its neighbouring settlement are taken over by the house of Hohenstaufen, and Conrad of Hohenstaufen becomes "Count Palatine of the Rhine" (German: Pfalzgraf bei Rhein). Conrad of Hohenstaufen (c 1135 &ndash 8 November 1195) was the first hereditary Count Palatine of the Rhine. The Palatinate of the Rhine (Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein later the Electoral Palatinate (Kurpfalz was a historical territory of the Holy Roman Empire The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
In 1195, the Palatinate passed to the House of Welf through marriage. See also Elder House of Welf The House of Welf (or House of Guelph) is a European Dynasty that has included many German and British
The first reference to Heidelberg can be found in a document in Schönau Abbey dated to 1196. Schönau Abbey ( Kloster Schönau) in Schönau in the Odenwald, in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis in Baden-Württemberg, was a Cistercian This is considered the founding date for Heidelberg.
In 1225, Louis I, Duke of Bavaria obtained the Palatinate, and thus also the castle, which is mentioned in a document. Duke Louis I of Bavaria (Ludwig I der Kelheimer Herzog von Bayern Pfalzgraf bei Rhein ( Kelheim, 23 December, 1173 &ndash 15 September
In 1303, two castles are mentioned; the one located further up the mountain was destroyed in a gunpowder explosion in 1537. The palace of today was then built at the site of the lower castle. In 1356, the Counts Palatine were granted far-reaching rights in the Golden Bull in addition to becoming Electors. The Golden Bull of 1356 was a decree issued by a Reichstag in Nuremberg headed by Emperor Charles IV Holy Roman Emperor (see Diet The Prince-Electors (or simply Electors) of the Holy Roman Empire ( German: Kurfürst ( pl
In 1386, the University of Heidelberg was founded by Rupert I, Elector Palatine. The Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg ( University of Heidelberg, Ruperto Carola, Heidelberg University, or simply Heidelberg) is a Rupert I "the Red" (Ruprecht der Rote Elector Palatine ( Wolfratshausen, June 9, 1309 &ndash 16 February 1390 in Neustadt The University played a leading part in the era of humanism and reformation and the conflict between Lutheranism and Calvinism in the 15th and 16th centuries. Heidelberg's library, founded in 1421, is the oldest public library in Germany still intact. A few months after the proclamation of the 95 theses, in April 1518, Martin Luther was received in Heidelberg, to defend them. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer
In 1620, the royal crown of Bohemia was offered to the Elector, Frederick V (married to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of James VI of Scotland). Frederick V (Friedrich V ( August 26 1596 – November 29 1632) was Elector Palatine (1610–23 and as Frederick I Elisabeth Electress Palatine and Queen of Bohemia (born Princess Elizabeth Stuart of Scotland; 19 August 1596 &ndash 13 February 1662 James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James He became known as the "winter king", as he only reigned for one winter until the Imperial house of Habsburg regained the crown by force. This marked the beginning of the Thirty Years' War. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War.
In 1622, after a siege of two months, the armies of the Catholic League, commanded by Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, captured Heidelberg. Background In 1555 the Peace of Augsburg was signed which confirmed the result of the First Diet of Speyer (1526 and ended the violence between the Lutherans Johann Tserclaes Count of Tilly ( Dutch: Johan 't Serclaes) (February 1559 - April 30[[ 632]] known as the Monk in Armor, was a General He gave the famous Bibliotheca Palatina from the Church of the Holy Ghost to the Pope as a present. The Bibliotheca Palatina (" Palatinate library" of Heidelberg was the most important library of the German Renaissance, numbering approximately The Catholic, Bavarian branch of the house of Wittelsbach gained control over the Palatinate and the title of Prince-Elector. In 1648, at the end of the war, Frederick V's son Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine, was able to recover his titles and lands. Charles Louis (Karl I Ludwig Elector Palatine (22 December 1617 &ndash 28 August 1680 was the second son of Frederick V, the Winter King and his wife
In order to strengthen his dynastic power, he married his daughter Liselotte to Philip I, Duke of Orléans, the brother of Louis XIV, king of France. Philippe I Duke of Orléans ( September 21, 1640 &ndash June 9, 1701) was the second son of Louis XIII of France and Anne Early years Birth and ancestry Louis XIV was born in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 5 1638 and bore the Heir apparent In 1685, after the death of Charles Louis' son Elector Charles II, Louis XIV laid claim to his sister in law's inheritance. Charles II (Karl II 31 March 1651, Heidelberg &ndash 26 May 1685, Heidelberg) was Elector Palatine from 1680 The claim was rejected, and war ensued. The Nine Years' War (1688–97 – often called the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg – was a major war of the late 17th In 1689, city and castle were both taken by French troops, who brought about an almost total destruction in 1693.
In 1720, religious conflicts with the citizens of Heidelberg caused the Prince-Elector Charles III Philip to transfer his residence to nearby Mannheim, where it remained until the Elector Charles Theodore became Elector of Bavaria in 1777 and established his court in Munich. Karl III Philip Elector Palatine (b Neuburg, November 4, 1661 &ndash d Mannheim is a City in Germany. With 327318 inhabitants it is the second-largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart Karl Theodor Prince-Elector Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria (December 1724 &ndash February 16, 1799) reigned as Prince-Elector and Count The following is a list of rulers during the History of Bavaria. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany.
In 1742, Elector Karl Theodor began rebuilding the Palace. In 1764, a lightning bolt destroyed other palace buildings during reconstruction, causing the work to be discontinued. Heidelberg fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden in the year 1803. The Grand Duchy of Baden (Großherzogtum Baden was a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden re-founded the University, named "Ruperto-Carola" after its two founders. Karl Friedrich 1st Grand Duke of Baden ( November 22, 1728 in Karlsruhe – June 10, 1811 in Karlsruhe was the son of Hereditary Notable scholars soon earned it a reputation as a "royal residence of the intellect".
In 1810, the French revolution-emigrant Count Charles Graimberg began with the preservation of the palace ruins and the establishment of a historical collection. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an This article is about ruins in Architecture; for other meanings see Ruins (disambiguation.
In the 18th century, the city was rebuilt in Baroque style on the old Gothic layout.
In 1815, the Emperor of Austria, the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia formed the "Holy Alliance" in Heidelberg.
In 1848, it was decided to have a German National Assembly in Heidelberg. In 1849, during the Palatinate-Baden rebellion, Heidelberg was the headquarters of a revolutionary army which was defeated by a Prussian army near Waghaeusel. Until 1850, the city was occupied by Prussian troops.
Between 1920 and 1933, the University of Heidelberg's reputation was enhanced by a number of notable physicians (Czerny, Erb, Krehl) and humanists (Rohde, Weber, Gundolf).
Nazi era
During the Nazi regime (1933-1945), Heidelberg was a stronghold of the NSDAP, which was the strongest party in the elections before 1933. The, officially National Socialist German Workers' Party, ( abbreviated NSDAP) was a Political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945 Non-Aryan university staff were discriminated against, and by 1939 the University had "lost" one third of its staff due to racial and political reasons. During the "Night of Broken Glass" (Kristallnacht) on November 9, 1938, people of Heidelberg burned down synagogues at two locations in the city. Kristallnacht ( literally "Crystal night" or the Night of Broken Glass was a Pogrom in Nazi Germany on November 9–10 1938 Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The next day systematic deportation of Jews started, and 150 Jews were sent to the Dachau concentration camp. Dachau was a Nazi German Concentration camp, and the first one opened in Germany located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions Factory near the On October 22, 1940 during the "Wagner Buerckel event", 6000 local Jews, including 280 from Heidelberg, got deported to a concentration camp in France, Camp Gurs. Events 202 BC - Hannibal Barca, leader of the Carthaginians, is defeated by the Roman legions under Scipio Africanus Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Camp Gurs was an internment and refugee camp constructed by the French government in 1939 Overall, 1933 to 1945 was not a bright spot in the history of Heidelberg. Between 1934 to 1935, the Nazi regime built a huge amphitheatre on the Heiligenberg north of the old part of Heidelberg for the SS events. The theatre is called Thingstätte and is still used for occasional concerts and events. It's one of the few grim reminders of the darkest time in Heidelberg's history.
On March 30, 1945, US forces liberated Heidelberg from the Nazi regime. German troops left the day before, after blowing up the old bridge, Heidelberg's treasured river crossing and at that time the only crossing of the river Neckar for larger vehicles.
It has been theorized that Heidelberg escaped bombing in the Second World War because the US Army wanted to use the city as a garrison after the war. In fact, as Heidelberg was neither an industrial centre nor a transport hub, there was nothing worth bombing in Heidelberg and Allied air raids focused on the nearby industrial cities of Mannheim and Ludwigshafen. In 1945, thanks to the surgeon Karl Heinrich Bauer and the philosopher Karl Jaspers, the University re-opened.
Historical sites
The old town
The old town, in German Altstadt, located at the southern side of the Neckar, is long and narrow and is dominated by the ruins of the Heidelberg Castle which perches 80 metres above the Neckar on the steep, wooded side of the Königstuhl ("King's chair" or throne) hill. History Before the Castle's destruction Early History Heidelberg was first mentioned in 1196 as Heidelberch. The Königstuhl (ˈkʰøːnɪçˌʃtuːl is a 567 Metre high hill in the Odenwald Mountains and near Heidelberg, in the German state of This article is about royal thrones for the order of Angels by the same name see Thrones. The Karls´gate (Karlstor) is a triumphal arch in honour of the Prince Elector Karl Theodor, located at Heidelberg's very east. It was erected from 1775 until 1781 and designed by Nicolas de Pigage The house "Zum Ritter Sankt Georg" (Knight St. George) is one of the few buildings, which survived the war of succession. The building opposite of the Church of the Holy Spirit was build in the style of the late Renaissance period. The house is named after the sculpture at the top.
The "Marstall" was an arsenal of the Heidelberg Castle in which several different goods were stored. The 19th century building we see today was created in a neo-classical style. Since 1971, the "Marstall" houses lecture halls of the university.
The old bridge is a stone bridge which was erected from 1786 to 1788. There is a medieval bridge gate on the side of the old town, originally part of its town wall. Baroque tower helmets were added as part of the erection of the stone bridge in 1788.
Heidelberg Castle
The castle is a mix of styles from Gothic to Renaissance. History Before the Castle's destruction Early History Heidelberg was first mentioned in 1196 as Heidelberch. Prince Elector Ruprecht III (1398 - 1410) erected the first representative building in the inner courtyard as a regal residence. The building was divided into a ground floor made of stone and framework upper levels. Another regal building is located opposite to the Ruprecht Building: The Fountain Hall. Prince Elector Philipp (1476 - 1508) is said to have arranged the transfer of the hall's columns from a decayed palace of Charlemagne to Heidelberg. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his
In the 16th and 17th century the Prince Electors added two representative palace buildings and turned the fortress into a castle. The two dominant buildings at the eastern and northern side of the courtyard were erected during the rule of Ottheinrich (1556 - 1559) and Friedrich IV (1583 - 1610). Under Friedrich V (1613 - 1619), the main building of the westside was erected, the so called "English Building".
The castle and its garden were destroyed several times (during the 30 Years' War and the Palatine war of succession). When Prince Elector Karl Theodor who resided in Schwetzingen tried to restore the castle, lightning struck the Castle in 1764 and finished all attempts to rebuild the castle. Later on, the castle was misused as a quarry - castle stones helped to build new houses in Heidelberg. This was stopped in 1800 by Count Charles de Graimberg who made any effort he could to preserve the Heidelberg Castle. In spite of its Gothic interior, it was not before 1934, that the King's Hall was added.
Today, the hall is used for festivities, e. g. dinner banquets, balls and theatre performances. During the Heidelberg Castle Festival in the summer, the courtyard is the site of open air musicals, operas, theatre performances and classical concerts performed by the Heidelberg City Orchestra.
The castle is surrounded by a park where the famous poet Johann von Goethe once walked. ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfgaŋ fɔn ˈgøːtə (in English generally ˈgɝːtə 28 August 1749 22 March 1832 was a German writer The Heidelberger Bergbahn funicular railway runs from Heidelberg's Kornmakt to the summit of the Königstuhl via the castle. The Heidelberger Bergbahn, or Heidelberg Mountain Railway, is a two section funicular railway in the city of Heidelberg, Germany. A funicular, also known as a funicular railway, incline, inclined railway, inclined plane, or cliff railway, is a type of self-contained
Philosophers' Walk
On the northern side of the Neckar, the Heiligenberg with the remains of the celtic fortress and the Philosophers' Walk (Philosophenweg) is located. History Before the Castle's destruction Early History Heidelberg was first mentioned in 1196 as Heidelberch. The Church of the Holy Spirit is the most famous church in Heidelberg, Germany. This Walk derives its name from the fact that Heidelberg's philosophers and university teachers are said to have once walked and talked here. It shows excellent views of the old town and castle.
University of Heidelberg
Heidelberg is home to one of Europe's oldest educational institutes, the Ruprecht Karls University founded in 1386, more commonly known as the University of Heidelberg. The Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg ( University of Heidelberg, Ruperto Carola, Heidelberg University, or simply Heidelberg) is a The Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg ( University of Heidelberg, Ruperto Carola, Heidelberg University, or simply Heidelberg) is a Among the prominent thinkers associated with the university over the centuries are Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Jürgen Habermas, Karl-Otto Apel and Hannah Arendt. Hans-Georg Gadamer (ˈgaːdamɐ February 11, 1900 &ndash March 13, 2002) was a German Philosopher of the continental Jürgen Habermas (ˈjʏʁgən ˈhaːbɐmaːs born June 18, 1929 is a German Philosopher and Sociologist in the tradition of Karl-Otto Apel (born March 15, 1922 in Düsseldorf) is a German philosopher and Professor Emeritus at the University of Frankfurt am Main Karl Drais, who invented the bicycle in 1817, was a student there. Karl Drais ( April 29, 1785 – December 10, 1851) was a German Inventor and invented the Laufmaschine ("running The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind At the University of Heidelberg, chemists Posselt and Reimann discovered that nicotine was the main pharmacologically active component of tobacco. Nicotine is an Alkaloid found in the Nightshade family of plants ( Solanaceae) which constitutes approximately 0 Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs Tobacco is an Agricultural product recognized as an addictive drug processed from the fresh Leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. Despite this long legacy of academic excellence, the University of Heidelberg was the first to expel all its Jewish professors and students when the Nazis rose to power. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German [1]
The European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Molecular Biology Organization, the German Cancer Research Center, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics and Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law) are located in Heidelberg. The European Molecular Biology Laboratory ( EMBL) is a Molecular biology research institution supported by 20 European countries and Australia as associate member state The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO promotes excellence in molecular life sciences in Europe by recognizing and fostering talented scientists Cancer research is research into Cancer in order to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention diagnosis treatments and cure The Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg is a facility of the Max Planck Society for the medical basic research The Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie ( Max Planck Institute for Astronomy) is a research institute of the Max Planck Society. The Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik ("MPI for Nuclear Physics" or MPIK for short is aresearch institute in Heidelberg, Germany. Public law is a theory of law governing the relationship between Individuals ( Citizens companies) and the State. International law is the term commonly used for referring to the system of implicit and explicit agreements that bind together nation-states in adherence to recognized values and standards
Notable alumni
Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, Otto Meyerhof, Wolfgang Ketterle, Georg Wittig and Carl Bosch (all winners of the Nobel prize). Alumni and faculty of the University of Heidelberg include many founders and pioneers of Academic disciplines and a large number of internationally acclaimed Philosophers Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (31 March 1811 &ndash 16 August 1899 was a German Chemist. Otto Fritz Meyerhof ( April 12, 1884 &ndash October 6, 1951) was a German -born Physician and Biochemist. Georg Wittig ( June 16, 1897 &ndash August 26 1987) was a German Chemist who reported a method for synthesis of Carl Bosch ( August 27, 1874 &ndash April 26, 1940) was a German Chemist and Engineer who won the
Romanticism of Heidelberg
Heidelberg was the center of the epoch of "Romantik" (Romanticism) in Germany. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the There was a famous circle of poets such as Joseph von Eichendorff, Joseph von Görres, Arnim, and Clemens Brentano. Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff ( March 10, 1788 – November 26, 1857) was a German Poet and Novelist Johann Joseph von Görres ( January 25 1776 – January 29 1848) was a German writer Clemens Brentano, or Klemens Brentano ( September 9, 1778 &ndash July 28, 1842) was a German Poet and A famous relic of Romanticism is the Philosophers' Walk (Philosophenweg), a scenic walking path on the nearby Heiligenberg, overlooking Heidelberg.
The "Romantik" epoch of German philosophy and literature, was described as a movement against classical and realistic theories of literature, an antipole to the rationality of the Age of Enlightenment. The Age of Enlightenment or The Enlightenment is a term used to describe a phase in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the eighteenth century It elevated medievalism and elements of art and narrative perceived to be from the medieval period as well as folk art, nature and an epistemology based on nature, which included human activity conditioned by nature in the form of language, custom and usage.
City districts
Heidelberg consists of fourteen districts which are distributed in six sectors of the city. In the central area of the city are Altstadt, Bergheim, and Weststadt. Bergheim is a city district of Heidelberg. It is bounded on the North by the Neckar River the East by the Bismarkplatz on the South by the Kurfursten Anlage and the South by In north Heidelberg are Neuenheim and Handschuhsheim. In the east are Ziegelhausen and Schlierbach. Heidelberg-Ziegelhausen is a residential district (of fourteen at the eastern perimeter of the city of Heidelberg, Germany. In the south are Südstadt, Rohrbach, Emmertsgrund, and Boxberg and in the southwest is Kirchheim. In the west are Bahnstadt, Pfaffengrund, and Wieblingen.
A new city district, tentatively named "Bahnstadt", is planned on land located within Weststadt and Wieblingen. The new district will have approximately 5,000-6,000 residents and employment for 7,000.
Economy
Tourism
In 2004, 81. 8% of all people worked for service industries, including tourism. As a relic of the period of Romanticism, Heidelberg has been labeled a romantic town. This is used to attract more than 3. 5 million visitors every year. Many events are organized to increase the attraction. In spring, the "Heidelberger Frühling" Classic Music Festival and the international easter egg market are conducted. In July and August there is a "Heidelberger Castle Festival" (Student Prince and others) On the first Saturday in June and September, and the 2nd Saturday in July – the castle and the old bridge are illuminated with lights and fireworks. The Student Prince is an Operetta with music by Sigmund Romberg and book and lyrics by Dorothy Donnelly. The old town autumn festival in September includes a Medieval Market with 40 booths, an arts and crafts market, a flea market and music from Samba to Rock. During advent there is a Christmas market throughout the oldest part of the city.
Industry
Only 18% of employment is provided by industry. Printing and publishing are important enterprises. Heidelberg with its long Hauptstrasse is a shopping magnet for the surrounding smaller towns.
United States military installations
After World War II, Heidelberg was one of a few major cities in Germany not significantly damaged by Allied bombing. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Situated in the American zone of Germany, Heidelberg became the headquarters of the American forces in Europe. Several military installations remain, especially Campbell Barracks (former Wehrmacht Großdeutschland-Kaserne) which is where headquarters for several units are located. Campbell Barracks, in Heidelberg Germany, is the location of the Headquarters of the United States Army in Europe and Seventh Army (HQ including United States Army, Europe (HQ USAREUR) and NATO's Allied Land Forces, Central Europe (LANDCENT). The Seventh United States Army, formerly the United States Army Europe, is the land component of United States European Command. The North Atlantic Treaty Campbell Barracks, Mark Twain Village are both in Südstadt; Patton Barracks are in nearby Kirchheim; and USAREUR MEDDAC Headquarters (also known as Nachrichten Kaserne) is in Rohrbach. Mark Twain Village is a United States Army installation located in the Südstadt district of Heidelberg, Germany. There is also a gated housing community, Patrick Henry Village, located west of Kirchheim. These make up the U.S. Army Garrison Heidelberg. The US Army Garrison Heidelberg is made up of a number of United States Military installations in and around Heidelberg Germany. Additionally, a small number of NATO facilities are present on the installations, most notably HQ Allied Land Component Command, Heidelberg (CC-Land Heidelberg). The North Atlantic Treaty An old U. S. Army Air Field is still present; However, only UH-60 Black Hawks and AH-64 Apache Helicopters continue to use it.
Events
- February: "Ball der Vampire" (Ball of the Vampires) Celebrates Fasching (the German equivalent of Mardis Gras or Carnival) with a giant vampire-themed costume party at the local castle or city hall
- March/April: "Heidelberger Frühling" Classic Music Festival
- April: Half marathon - last weekend
- May: Frühlingsmesse on the Messplatz
- June, July and September: Heidelberger Schlossbeleuchtung fireworks display on philosophy's way, the old bridge crossing the river Neckar below the castle and the castle itself. The 1st Saturday of June and September and the second Saturday of July are the annual dates.
- September, each last Saturday: "Old Town Autumn Festival".
- October/November: Heidelberger Theater Days, "Enjoy Jazz", Stepdance -Festival and Workshops
- November: "International Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg"
International relations
Heidelberg maintains sister city relationships (Städtepartnerschaft) with the following cities:
Cambridge, United Kingdom, since 1957
Montpellier, France, since 1961
Rehovot, Israel, since 1983
Simferopol, Ukraine, since 1991
Bautzen, Saxony, since 1991
Kumamoto, Japan, since 1992
Gallery
 Heidelberg's old city centre from the castle above |
 Heidelberg Castle as seen from the bridge |
 Interior courtyard of the castle |
 The "Untere Straße" (lower street), a typical side street in the Old Town |
 Catholic Jesuitenkirche |
 "Old Bridge" gate seen from the bridge |
 The "Old Bridge" gate seen from the town |
 The "bridge monkey" next to the gate |
 The "Old Bridge", seen from the town |
 The "Old Bridge", seen from the castle |
 Heidelberg at night |
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 University Library |
 The Old University |
Trivia
- Discovery of spectrum analysis by Robert Bunsen and Kirchhoff in 1860. The city of Cambridge (ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Montpellier ( Occitan Montpelhièr) is a City in the south of France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Simferopol (English pronunciation ˌsɪmfəˈroʊpəl (Сімферополь Симферополь Aqmescit literally The white mosque) is the Capital of the Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Bautzen ( pronounced, until 1868: Budissin; Upper Sorbian: Budyšin; Lower Sorbian: Budyšyn) is a The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. is the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture on the Island of Kyūshū, Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Church of the Holy Spirit is the most famous church in Heidelberg, Germany. Spectrum analysis also known as Emission Spectrochemical Analysis is the original scientific method of charting and analyzing the chemical properties of matter and gases by looking Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (31 March 1811 &ndash 16 August 1899 was a German Chemist. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff ( March 12, 1824 &ndash October 17, 1887) was a German Physicist who contributed to the fundamental
- Noted pen manufacturer Lamy has its headquarters and its factory in Heidelberg. See Lamy (disambiguation for other meanings Lamy (ˈlɑːmɪ is a producer of Fountain pens in Europe.
See also
- Schiller International University
- Heidelberg Center for American Studies
- List of University of Heidelberg people
- de:Liste Heidelberger Persönlichkeiten
External links
- Official site of Heidelberg, a small English section is available
- Heidelberg travel guide from Wikitravel
- U.S. Army Garrison Heidelberg homepage
- Heidelberg American High School, The official site of Heidelberg American High School
References
- Steven P. Schiller International University is a private American university with seven campuses in six countries Founded in 2003 as newest institute of Germany's oldest university the University of Heidelberg 's Heidelberg Center for American Alumni and faculty of the University of Heidelberg include many founders and pioneers of Academic disciplines and a large number of internationally acclaimed Philosophers Wikitravel is a Web -based project "to create a free, complete up-to-date and reliable worldwide travel guide. Remy: The Heidelberg Myth: The Nazification and Denazification of a German University. Denazification (Entnazifizierung was an Allied initiative to rid German and Austrian society culture press economy judiciary and politics of any Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002. 329 P. ISBN 0-674-00933-9. (History about Spruchkammerverfahren-whitewashing in the proceedings before Dena. . . )
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Important cities and tourist sites in Germany: Area of Heidelberg / Rhine-Neckar |
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