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Hefei
合肥
Ho-fei, Luzhou, Luchow
—  Prefecture-level city  —
Downtown Hefei's Sipailou business district
Downtown Hefei's Sipailou business district
Location of Hefei Prefecture within Anhui
Location of Hefei Prefecture within Anhui
Hefei (China)
Hefei
Hefei
Location within China
Coordinates: 31°52′N 117°17′E / 31.867, 117.283
Country China
Province Anhui
County-level divisions 7
Government
 - CPC Committee Secretary Sun Jinlong (孙金龙)
 - Mayor Wu Cunrong (吴存荣)
Area
 - Total 7,266 km² (2,805. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and Anhui (in Chinese: 安徽 Ānhuī) is a province of the People's Republic of China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Anhui (in Chinese: 安徽 Ānhuī) is a province of the People's Republic of China. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 4 sq mi)
Population (2004)
 - Total 4,446,800
 - Density 612/km² (1,585. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 1/sq mi)
Time zone China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Postal code 230000
Area code(s) 551
License plate prefixes 皖A
GDP (2004) CNY 58. China standard time or Beijing time is the Time zone observed in the People's Republic of China ( PRC) UTC+8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Greenwich Mean Time by 8 hours The Postal code for the People's Republic of China uses a numeric six-digit System for the whole country A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The Chinese Telephone Code Plan is the way to group telephone numbers in the mainland of the People's Republic of China. The People's Republic of China issues vehicles Licence plates at its Vehicle Management Offices under the administration of the Ministry of Public Security "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " 97 billion
 - per capita CNY 13,378
City flowers
Southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the Southern magnolia or bull bay, is a Magnolia native to the southeastern United )
City trees
Sweet Osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans Lour. A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or Osmanthus fragrans ( Sweet Osmanthus; Chinese: 木樨 mùxī; Japanese: 金木犀 kinmokusei; also known )
Blossom of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. The pomegranate ( Punica granatum) is a Fruit -bearing Deciduous Shrub or small Tree growing to between five and eight metres tall )
Website: www.hefei.gov.cn (Chinese)

Hefei (Chinese: 合肥; pinyin: Héféi; Wade-Giles: Hofei; literally: "Junction of the (South) Fei Rivers"; former names: Ho-fei, Luzhou, Luchow) is a prefecture-level city and the provincial capital of Anhui province, China. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and Anhui (in Chinese: 安徽 Ānhuī) is a province of the People's Republic of China. A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Located in central Anhui, it borders Huainan to the north, Chuzhou to the northeast, Chaohu to the southeast and Lu'an to the west. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Huainan administers six county-level divisions, including five districts and one county Administration The Prefecture-level city of Chuzhou administers 8 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, a Sub-prefecture-level Administration The Prefecture-level city of Chaohu administers 5 county-level divisions, including 1 districts and 4 counties. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Lu'an administers 7 county-level divisions, including 2 districts and 5 counties.

Contents

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Hefei administers 7 county-level divisions, including 4 districts and 3 counties. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn)

History

Hefei's Wuhu Road in winter
Hefei's Wuhu Road in winter

From the 8th to the 6th century BC, Hefei was the site of the small state of Shu, later a part of the Chu kingdom. Feidong County ( Chinese: 肥东县 Pinyin: Féidōng Xiàn is in the east of Hefei Anhui province hometown of Northern Song Dynasty Shu ( 蜀) was an ancient state in what is now Sichuan, China. King of Chu was the title used by several rebellion leaders during the collapse of Qin Dynasty. Many archaeological finds dating from this period have been made. The name Hefei was first given to the county set up in the area under the Han dynasty in the 2nd century BC. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. During the 4th to the 6th century AD, this crucial border region between northern and southern states was much fought over; its name and administrative status were consequently often changed. During the Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) periods, it became the seat of Lu prefecture — a title it kept until the 15th century, when it became a superior prefecture named Luzhou. The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by

In 3rd century AD, the famous Three Kingdoms battle, Battle of Hefei, was fought at what is currently Leisure Ford (逍遥津) in Hefei. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Three Kingdoms period ( is a period in the History of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of The Battle of Hefei (合肥之戰 was a significant event in the Three Kingdoms era of China General Zhang Liao of the Kingdom of Wei commanding 800 picked cavalry defeated the 200,000-men army of the Kingdom of Wu. Zhang Liao (169 &ndash 222 was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Cao Wei ( was one of the empires that competed for control of China during the Three Kingdoms period Eastern Wu ( Chinese: 東吳 Pinyin: Dōng Wú also known as Sun Wu ( Traditional Chinese: 孫吳 pinyin Sūn Wú refers to a Several decades of warring in Hefei between Wu and Wei followed this battle.

The present city dates from the Song dynasty (960–1126), the earlier Hefei having been some distance farther north. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms During the 10th century, it was for a while the capital of the independent Wu kingdom (902–938) and was an important center of the Southern Tang state (937–975). Wu 吳 (also referred to as Huainan 淮南 was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existence between the years of 907 and 937 Southern Tang (also referred to as Nantang) ( Chinese: 南唐 Pinyin Nán Táng was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China

After 1127 it became a center of the defenses of the Southern Song dynasty (1126–1279) against the Jin (Jurchen) invaders, as well as a flourishing center of trade between the two states. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms The Jurchens ( were a Tungus people who inhabited the region of Manchuria ( Northeast China) until the 17th century when they adopted the name Manchu When the Chinese Republic was founded in 1911, the superior prefecture was abolished, and the city took the name of Hefei. This article discusses history of the state which currently governs Taiwan Area.

The city was known as Luzhou (庐州; pinyin Lúzhōu) during the Ming and Qing Dynasties (after 14th century to 19th century). Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Hefei was the temporary capital for Anhui from 1853 to 1862. It was renamed as Hefei County in 1912. Following the Chinese victory in the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1945, Hefei was made the capital of Anhui. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the

Before World War II, Hefei remained essentially an administrative center and the regional market for the fertile plain to the south. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including It was a collecting center for grain, beans, cotton, and hemp, as well as a center for handicraft industries manufacturing cloth, leather, bamboo goods, and ironware. Bean is a common name for large plant Seeds of several genera of the family Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae used for human food or animal Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp This article is about the cultivation and uses of industrial hemp not its psychoactive cousin Cannabis (drug. Handicraft, also known as craftwork or simply Craft, is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or using only simple tools A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. Leather is a material created through the Tanning of hides and Skins of Animals primarily Cattlehide The Tanning process Bamboo is a group of Woody perennial Evergreen Plants in the True grass family Poaceae, subfamily

The construction in 1912 of the Tianjin–Puzhou railway, farther east, for a while made Hefei a provincial backwater, and much of its importance passed to Bengbu. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Bengbu administers 7 county-level divisions, including 4 districts and 3 counties. In 1932–36, however, a Chinese company built a railway linking Hefei with Yuxikou (on the Yangtze opposite Wuhu) to the southeast and with the Huai River at Huainan to the north. WUHU (1071 FM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Hot Adult Contemporary format The Huai River ( is a major river in China. The Huai River is located about mid-way between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two largest rivers Administration The Prefecture-level city of Huainan administers six county-level divisions, including five districts and one county While this railway was built primarily to exploit the rich coalfield in northern Anhui, it also did much to revive the economy of the Hefei area by taking much of its produce to Wuhu and Nanjing.

Although Hefei was a quiet market town of only about 30,000 in the mid-1930s, its population grew more than tenfold in the following 20 years. The city's administrative role was strengthened by the transfer of the provincial government from Anqing in 1949, but much of its new growth derived from its development as an industrial city. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Anqing administers 11 county-level divisions, including 3 districts, 1 County-level city A cotton mill was opened in 1958, and a thermal generating plant, using coal from Huainan, was established in the early 1950s. A cotton mill is a Factory housing spinning and Weaving Machinery Cotton was a leading sector in the Industrial Revolution, as cotton It also became the seat of an industry producing industrial chemicals and chemical fertilizers. The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals Fertilizers ( also spelt fertiliser are chemical compounds given to Plants to promote growth they are usually applied either through the soil for uptake by plant In the late 1950s an iron and steel complex was built. In addition to a machine-tool works and engineering and agricultural machinery factories, the city has developed an aluminum industry and a variety of light industries. There are several universities based in the city.

On May 13, 2003, in Hefei, an underground gas explosion in the Luling coal mine killed at least 81 miners, with 5 others missing. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. An explosion is a sudden increase in Volume and release of Energy in an extreme manner usually with the generation of high Temperatures and the release Coal mining is the extraction or removal of Coal from the Earth by Mining. [1]

Geography

Hefei is located 130 km (81 mi) west of Nanjing. ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles

Hefei's annual average temperature is about 15. 7 °C (60 °F). Its annual precipitation is about 1,000 mm (39 in). It snows irregularly in the winter.

In the months of June, July, August, and often September, daily temperatures can reach highs of 37 °C (99 °F) with high humidity levels being the norm.

May and June see the air quality level in Hefei diminish. The city is blanketed by a sweet-smelling smog caused by the smoke generated as farmers outside the city burn their fields in preparation for planting the next crop.

Chaohu Lake, a lake 15 km (9 mi) southeast of the city, is one of the largest fresh water lakes in China. Lake Chao, or Chao Hu, ( is a Lake located at the juncture of Chaohu and Hefei cities in Anhui province China Freshwater is a word that refers to bodies of water such as Ponds lakes rivers and streams containing low concentrations of dissolved Salts and other Total dissolved However, the lake has unfortunately been polluted with nitrogen and phosphorus in recent decades. Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Phosphorus, (ˈfɒsfərəs is the Chemical element that has the symbol P and Atomic number 15

Demographics

The majority of the population in Hefei is Han Chinese. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. There are a small number of Hui Chinese living in the city. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. There are over three million people in the city.

Economy

The GDP per capita was ¥13,378 (ca. US$ 1,654) in 2004.

The average monthly wage for most people in 2005 ranged from 600 RMB to 1500 RMB.

Before the Chinese civil war Hefei was a town whose main industry was agriculture. Soon after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the capital of Anhui was moved from Huaining to Hefei. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Huaining County (怀宁县 is a county in Anhui under the jurisdiction of Anqing City. To assist the development of the city, many talented people were sent in from other parts of the country. Modern-day Hefei has machinery, electronics, chemistry, steel, textile, and cigarette industries, among others.

Despite being the Provincial Capital of Anhui, Hefei still exudes an air of poverty. Migrants from all over Anhui converge on the city looking for opportunities which do not actually exist for many of them. This constant influx keeps wages low. However, new industrial development in special economic zones ringing the city has resulted in new manufacturing jobs for technical school and college graduates.

In the summer of 2005, the municipal government implemented changes designed to beautify the city by demolishing thousands of illegally built structures, and clearing away long established marketplaces in many parts of the city. Beautification is the process of making visual improvements in a Town or City, typically to an urban area Overnight, longstanding businesses housed in flimsy structures that once lined many streets were gone. The impact on the local economy could be seen immediately as hundreds, if not thousands, of low paid workers no longer had employment.

On the other hand, these actions removed many unlicensed food stalls which had contributed to the spread of diseases that struck the city in the past. These changes also removed many unlicensed buildings that posed a fire hazard in the city. While it is undeniable that some people were forced to make sacrifices for the beautification of the city, the changes ensured that all the residents in the city have a better environment.

It is also worthwhile to mention that under this project, the Fei River, which used to be known as a “sewage” river by many local people, has shown excellent improvement in its water quality. Residents who used to live along the bank of the river now have a much more pleasant environment to live in.

Transportation

Hefei has been the provincial capital since 1949 and is a natural center of communications, being situated to the north of Lake Chao and standing on a low saddle crossing the northeastern extension of the Dabie Mountains, which form the divide between the Huai and Yangtze rivers. Lake Chao, or Chao Hu, ( is a Lake located at the juncture of Chaohu and Hefei cities in Anhui province China Dabie Mountains ( Chinese: 大别山 Pinyin: Dàbié Shān is a major mountain range ("shan" means "mountain" located in central China The Huai River ( is a major river in China. The Huai River is located about mid-way between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two largest rivers From Hefei there is easy water transport via the lake to the Yangtze River opposite Wuhu. WUHU (1071 FM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Hot Adult Contemporary format Important land routes run through Hefei—east-west from Puzhou (opposite Nanjing in Jiangsu) to Xi'an (in Shaanxi) and north-south from Suzhou (in Jiangsu) and Bengbu to Anqing (both in Anhui). ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsu) is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Suzhou ( ancient name 吳) is a City on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on the shores of Lake Taihu in the province of Jiangsu Administration The Prefecture-level city of Bengbu administers 7 county-level divisions, including 4 districts and 3 counties. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Anqing administers 11 county-level divisions, including 3 districts, 1 County-level city There are also 2 train stations in Hefei,the new one which was just made a few years ago.

Culture

Hefei plays an important role in scientific research in China. It has three national laboratories, second only to Beijing: the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (国家同步辐射实验室), the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (微尺度物质科学国家实验室), both of which are under the University of Science and Technology of China, and the National Laboratory for Nuclear Fusion (Tokomak) Research (磁约束核聚变国家实验室), under the Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Institute of Plasma Physics, which itself is under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The University of Science and Technology of China ( USTC;) is a national research University in Hefei, China. The Chinese Academy of Sciences ( CAS) ( formerly known as Academia Sinica (not to be confused with the Republic of China 's (Taiwan Academia

Sport

Hefei has its own football team called Anhui Jiufang (安徽九方),who in the 2007-08 season were promoted from the Chinese Football Association Yi League to the Chinese Football Association Jia League which is the second highest tier of Chinese football. Anhui jiufang ( Simplified Chinese: 安徽九方 is a chinese football club its based in Hefei, Anhui, China. The Chinese Football Association Yi League (Simplified Chinese 中国足球协会乙级联赛 is the third tier league of the People's Republic of China. The Chinese Football Association Jia League ( Simplified Chinese: 中国足球协会甲级联赛 is the second tier league of the People's Republic of China.

Sites of interest

Hefei map
Hefei map

Sister cities

Hefei is a sister city of the following cities around the world:

Notable people

Universities

References

  1. ^ http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/china/mine_disaster.html

External links

The University of Science and Technology of China ( USTC;) is a national research University in Hefei, China. Hefei University of Technology ( formerly translated as Hefei Polytechnic University) one of the key universities in China member of project 211 is directly under the Anhui University (安徽大学 Pinyin: Ānhuī Dàxué) is a University located in Hefei, Anhui province in the People's

Dictionary

Hefei

-noun

  1. A prefecture-level city in central China; capital of Anhui Province.
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