Heelstone Ditch - Citizendia

Heelstone Ditch (circular depression)

Heelstone Ditch is a roughly circular earthwork having steep sloping sides which end at a narrow flat base, being approximately 4 ft (1. In Archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level often known as lumps and bumps. 2m) deep and 3. 5 ft (1. 1m) wide. It is located in England at Stonehenge around its outermost sarsen, the Heelstone (Stonehole 96). England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Stonehenge is a Prehistoric Monument located in the English county of Wiltshire, about west of Amesbury and north of Salisbury Sarsen stones are stone blocks found in quantity on Salisbury Plain, the Marlborough Downs, in Kent, and in smaller quantities in Berkshire, The Heelstone is a single large block of Sarsen stone standing within the Avenue outside the entrance of the Stonehenge earthwork close to the main road The ditch was cut into Late Cretaceous (Santonian Age) Seaford Chalk, the formation which geologically crops out at Stonehenge. A ditch is usually defined as a small to moderate depression created to channel Water. Late Cretaceous (100mya - 65mya refers to the second half of the Cretaceous Period, named after the famous white Chalk cliffs of southern England The Santonian is a Faunal stage of the Late Cretaceous Epoch. Chalk (ʧɔːk is a soft white porous Sedimentary rock, a form of Limestone composed of the Mineral Calcite. It is some 12 ft (3. 7m) from Heelstone's base, having a diameter of roughly 32 ft (9. 7m). A broad arcing trench found in 1923 by Lt-Col William Hawley 9 ft (2. In Geometry, an arc is a closed segment of a Differentiable Curve in the two-dimensional plane; for example a circular A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground Trenches are generally defined by being deeper than they are wide (as opposed to a wider Gully or Ditch Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Lieutenant-Colonel William Hawley (1851&ndash1941 was a British Archaeologist who most famously undertook pioneering Excavations at Stonehenge 7m) wide cuts this ditch from the West, deepening towards the stone. Against the Heelstone Ditch (inside circle) is rammed chalk filled Stonehole 97, whose missing stone is known as Heelstone's twin. Stratigraphic sequence of these features, from earliest to latest, runs (southern) Avenue Bank - Heelstone Ditch - Stonehole 97 - Scroll Trench. Stratigraphy, a branch of Geology, studies rock layers and layering ( stratification) British Archaeologists refine the general archaeological use of avenue to denote a long parallel-sided strip of land measuring up to about 30m in width open at either end and Scroll Trench, also called Arc Trench, is a 25 ft (76m long by 9 ft (2

Early Carboniferous (Arundian Age) High Tor Limestone fossils identified from the lower-half fill of Heelstone Ditch include Aclisina, Aviculopecten, Bellerophon, Caninia cornucopiae, Chondrites, Cleiothyridina roissyi, Composita, Conocardium, Delepinea (Daviesiella) destinezi, Euphemites, Girvanella, Hapsiphyllum (Zaphrentis) konincki, Linoproductus, Megachonetes papilionaceous, Michelina grandis, Mourlonia, Murchisonia, Palaeosmilia, Plicochonetes, Rhipidomella michelini, Schellwienella cf. The Arundian is a Stage (geologic Age) of the Early Carboniferous ( Dinantian) Viséan Epoch. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. S. crenistria, Straparollus, Syringopora, and Zoophycos. The upper-half fill is silted-in periglacial cryoturbated Seaford Chalk. Periglacial is an adjective referring to places in the edges of glacial areas normally those related to past Ice ages rather than those in the modern era In Gelisols ( Permafrost Soils, cryoturbation (frost churning refers to the mixing of materials from various horizons of the soil right down to the Only a small part of Heelstone Ditch, immediately behind the Highways Agency A344 roadside fence, now remains unexplored or undisturbed. The Highways Agency is an Executive agency, part of the Department for Transport in the United Kingdom. General nature of the ditch and fill described in 1979 by Michael W. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Pitts, et al. [1], compares well with Hawley's (1923, 1925). Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Source

Atkinson, R J C, Stonehenge (Penguin Books, 1956)
Cleal, Walker, & Montague, Stonehenge in its Landscape (London, English Heritage 1995)
Pitts, M W, On the Road to Stonehenge: Report on Investigations beside the A344 in 1968, 1979 and 1980 (Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 48, 1982)
Hawley, Lt-Col W, Report on the Excavations at Stonehenge during the season of 1923 (The Antiquaries Journal 5, Oxford University Press, 1925)

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Further reading