Hazel, Lady Lavery (1880 – 1935, née Hazel Martyn) was an artist and the second wife of the celebrated portrait artist Sir John Lavery. The National Gallery of Australia is the premier art gallery and museum in Australia, holding over 120000 works of Art. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sir John Lavery ( 20 March, 1856 &ndash 10 January, 1941) was an Irish painter best known for his portraits She is most remembered for having her likeness appearing on banknotes of Ireland for much of the 20th century. Ireland has issued its own trading Banknotes for several centuries both when the whole of Ireland was one legal entity and following partition of the island into [1]
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Life
Born in Chicago, Hazel Martyn was the daughter of Edward Jenner Martyn, a wealthy industrialist of Anglo-Irish extraction. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. " Anglo-Irish " was a term used historically to describe a privileged Social class in Ireland, whose members were the descendants and successors of the A contemporary account refers to young Hazel Martyn as "The Most Beautiful Girl in the Midwest". [1][2]
In 1903, she married Edward Livingston Trudeau Jr, a physician who died five months later. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health [3] In 1904, while still married to Trudeau, she met John Lavery, a Catholic-born painter originally from Belfast. Belfast ( is the capital city of Northern Ireland and the seat of government in Northern Ireland. [1] Her husband died shortly thereafter, and in 1909 she and Lavery married. Subsequently:
Hazel, a beautiful and fashionable woman who herself liked to draw and paint, became Lavery's most frequent sitter. [4]
During World War I, John Lavery became an official artist for the British government. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at In 1914, he received a knighthood, and Hazel Lavery became Lady Lavery . The rank of Knight Bachelor is a part of the British honours system. [5]
A biographer of John Lavery describes:
As if in reaction to his services to the Empire, Sir John and Lady Lavery 'rediscovered' a somewhat romanticized version of their Irish roots during the 1920s; but this led to a genuine engagement with the topical question of Home Rule, and Lavery painted several portraits of Irish Republican figures, including that of Éamon de Valera -- who would be instrumental in keeping Eire out of the next world war. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Home rule refers to a demand that constituent parts of a state be given greater self-government within the greater administrative purview of the central government Irish republicanism (Poblachtánachas is an ideology based on the Irish nationalist belief that all of Ireland should be a single independent Republic Éamon de Valera (ˈeɪmən dɛvəˈlɛrə (born Edward George de Valera) (14 October 1882 &ndash 29 August 1975 was one of the dominant political figures in 20th century Éire (ˈeːrʲə) is the Irish name for the island of Ireland and of the state of the same name. [5]
The Laverys lent their palatial house at Cromwell Place in South Kensington to the Irish delegation led by Michael Collins during negotiations for the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921. South Kensington is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London. Michael John ("Mick" Collins (Mícheál Seán Ó Coileáin 16 October 1890 &ndash 22 August 1922 was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for The Anglo-Irish Treaty (An Conradh Angla-Éireannach officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a Treaty After Lady Lavery died in 1935 in London, her funeral mass took place at the Brompton Oratory in Knightsbridge. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Requiem (from Latin requiem, accusative case of requies, rest or Requiem Mass (informally a funeral Mass also known formally (in Latin as the The Church of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, is an oratory Oratory_(worship, popularly but incorrectly known as the Brompton Oratory, is a Knightsbridge is a road which gives its name to an exclusive district lying to the west of Central London. In Ireland, a memorial service for her took place at the request of Liam Cosgrave's government. Liam Cosgrave ( Irish name: Liam Mac Cosgair; born 13 April 1920 served as the Taoiseach of Ireland between 1973 and 1977 and is the son of The Government of Ireland (Rialtas na hÉireann n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ is the Cabinet that exercises executive authority in Ireland. [1][4]
Irish banknotes
After the Anglo-Irish treaty, the Irish Free State government invited Lavery to create an image of a female personification of Ireland for the new Irish banknotes. The Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann (1922&ndash1937 was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by Such a personification harkens back to figures in ancient Irish mythology and has been exemplified in recent centuries by women such as James Clarence Mangan's Dark Rosaleen and W. B. Yeats' Cathleen Ní Houlihan. The Mythology of pre-Christian Ireland did not entirely survive the conversion to Christianity, but much of it was preserved shorn of its religious meanings James Clarence Mangan, born James Mangan ( 1 May 1803, Dublin - 20 June 1849) was an Irish poet. Cathleen Ní Houlihan is a One act play written by Irish Playwright William Butler Yeats in collaboration with Lady Gregory [4]
This personification of Ireland modeled on Lady Lavery and painted by her husband was reproduced on banknotes of Ireland from 1928 until the 1970s. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. This image of Lady Lavery was found as a watermark on banknotes of the Republic of Ireland until the introduction of the Euro in 2001. A watermark is a recognizable image or pattern in Paper that shows in various shades of lightness/darkness when viewed by transmitted light (or when viewed by reflected The Irish Free State, subsequently known as the Republic of Ireland, resolved in the mid-1920s to design its own Coins and Banknotes at the time of the currency's Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e [4][6]
Other portraits
Lady Lavery sat for more than 400 portraits by Sir John. The Crawford Municipal Art Gallery is a public art gallery in the city of Cork, Ireland. [1] Many were similarly-named, leading an expert to remark:
"Hazel in. . . " is virtually a Lavery trademark. [5]
In 1923, Time magazine remarked that:
Sir John Lavery's much-clawed-over portrait of Lady Lavery (TIME, Aug. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and 13) has found a resting-place. Lady Cunard, who held that Artist Lavery had been "insulted" when her offer to present the portrait to the Tate Gallery was rejected, has given it to the Guildhall Gallery, London. Nancy Clare Cunard ( March 10 1896 – March 17 1965) was an English writer editor and publisher political activist Anarchist and Tate is the United Kingdom 's national museum of British and Modern Art and is a network of four art galleries in England: Tate Britain (opened in The Guildhall Art Gallery houses the art collection of the City of London, England. [7]
Lavery's biographer described "Hazel in rose and grey" as:
One of the nicest of Lavery's "Hazel in" pictures. For once he abandons the full-length format and the composition gains a more curvy, dynamic appearance. Hazel, profiled by what photographers call a hair light, wears a wispy dress the colour of faded hydrangeas. A photographer is a person who takes a Photograph using a Camera. [5]
Another well-known portrait of Hazel Lavery painted by her husband is known as "The Red Rose" (1923). As one expert describes, this painting has a complicated history:
Her well known face and the characteristic red, purple and gold colour harmonies make The Red Rose immediately recognizable as a portrait of her. However, the canvas was begun in 1892 as a portrait of Mrs William Burrell. Sir William Burrell ( July 9 1861 - March 29 1958) was a Glaswegian shipping merchant and Philanthropist. In 1912 it was transformed into a portrait of Sarah Bernhardt, and in the early twenties it was, for a brief period, a portrait of Viscountess Curzon. Sarah Bernhardt (October 22 1844 &ndash March 26 1923 was a French stage actress and has been referred to as "the most famous actress in the history of the world" Earl Howe is a title that has been created twice in British history for members of the Howe and Curzon-Howe family respectively [4]
Correspondence
Lady Lavery knew many famous figures of her era and corresponded with such notable figures as Maurice Baring, Hilaire Belloc, Owen Buckmaster, Tim Healy, Shane Leslie, Reginald McKenna, George Bernard Shaw, Lytton Strachey, Gerald Hugh Tyrwhitt-Wilson and W. B. Yeats. Maurice Baring ( 27 April 1874 – 14 December 1945) was a versatile English Man of letters, known as a dramatist poet novelist Joseph Hilaire Pierre René Belloc (27 July 1870 &ndash 16 July 1953 was a French -born Writer who became a Naturalised British subject Stanley Owen Buckmaster 1st Viscount Buckmaster GCVO PC, ( 9 January 1861 &ndash 5 December 1934) was a Liberal Timothy Michael Healy, KC (17 May 1855 &ndash 26 March 1931 was an Irish nationalist politician journalist author barrister and one of the most Sir John Randolph Leslie 3rd Baronet, generally known as Shane Leslie, ( 24 September 1885 &ndash 14 August 1971) an Irish Reginald McKenna ( 6 July 1863 &ndash 6 September 1943) was a Liberal British statesman George Bernard Shaw ( (26 July 1856 &ndash 2 November 1950 was an Irish Playwright. Giles Lytton Strachey (ˈdʒaɪlz ˈlɪtən ˈstreɪtʃɪ 1 March 1880 &ndash 21 January 1932 was a British writer and critic Gerald Hugh Tyrwhitt-Wilson 14th Baron Berners ( September 18, 1883 &ndash April 19, 1950) also known as Gerald Tyrwhitt
This correspondence became public long after her death and reveals much about her personality and how she was regarded by her contemporaries. Regarding a visit to Ireland by the British Royal family she noted shrewdly:
. The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. . . they have been trying to keep that yacht race matter very quiet - and for various reasons it is better not to emphasise the affair - people get the idea that the Royal family would not be safe in Ireland. . . "[8]
In one of several letters she received from Winston Churchill he confided in her his thoughts about the creation of Northern Ireland:
. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC, PC (Can ( 30 November 1874 Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of . . I have practically always repeated what I said again & again in the House during the passage of the Bill, namely that we never contemplated the "mutilation" of Ulster. Ulster ( Ulaidh ˈkwɪɟɪ ˈʌlˠu / ˈʌlˠi is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in addition to Connacht, Munster and Leinster I think the Free State are making a frightful mistake in forcing this partition of their country. The Partition of Ireland took place on 3 May 1921 under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. But of course, if they insist, the Treaty must be executed even though it be to the lasting injury of Irish unity. . . [9]
Much of this correspondence alludes to Lady Lavery's charm and beauty. Leonie Leslie, the wife of Sir John Leslie, once wrote to her:
Dear little Hazel, I enjoyed Sunday's dinner - & I just want to tell you that I think you are not only a bewitching syren - but a Real Good Sort too![8]
Sir Gerald Kelly, president of the Royal Academy, wrote to Shane Leslie:
I do know Hazel Lavery and thought she was a nuisance. There have been a number of baronetcies in the Leslie family Leslie of Wardis (1 September 1625 Created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia In Greek mythology, the Sirens ( Greek singular Seirēn; Greek plural Seirēnes) were three dangerous bird-women This article refers to an art institution in London For other meanings of Royal Academy see Royal Academy (disambiguation. A beautiful nuisance but a nuisance![10]
Provocatively, after her death Sir Shane Leslie discussed Lady Lavery's relationship with Michael Collins and Kevin O'Higgins and wrote:
I have been talking about your proposed life of Hazel Lavery with my hostess. Kevin Christopher O'Higgins (Caoimhín Críostóir Ó hUigín 7 June 1892 &ndash 10 July 1927 was an Irish politician who served as Vice-President of the Executive Council We agree that it is an excruciatingly difficult book to write especially as so much MS material has disappeared. . . We think that much is quite impossible to tell. Remember Miss Collins is alive and the widow of Kevin O'Higgins. If Hazel's correspondence with those Irishmen Collins and Kevin were published or even their relations were truly portrayed there would be woe in Dublin and much protestation. Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. Both were hopelessly in love with Hazel in the style of Tristram with the wife of King Mark because they had drunk a poisonous drug not intended for them. Sir Tristan ( Latin / Brythonic: Drustanus; Welsh: Drystan; also known as Tristran, Tristram, etc Mark of Cornwall ( Latin Marcus, Cornish Margh, Welsh March, Breton Marc'h) was a king of Kernow In the context of Biology, poisons are substances that can cause damage, Illness, or Death to Organisms usually by A drug, broadly speaking is any chemical substance that when absorbed into the body . . The Republicans intercepted her letters to Collins & decided to shoot them both. This article deals with the Irish republican organisation opposed to the Anglo-Irish Treaty styling itself "Irish Republican Army" as it existed from the time of the Treaty . . [11]
According to the memoirs of Derek Patmore, a writer, artist, and interior designer who was a close friend of Lady Lavery's, Collins was "the great love in her life" and that Sir Shane "told me that when Michael Collins was killed in an ambush they found a miniature of Hazel hanging around his neck with a poem Shane Leslie had written to her on the back of it. "[12]
Speculation about the relationship between Collins and Lady Lavery led a newspaper of the day to refer to her as his "sweetheart", an issue Collins wrote to his fiance Kitty Kiernan about. According to the Sunday Independent:
Even more than 80 years after his death, speculation is still rife over Michael Collins's love life and whether or not he had an affair with society queen Lady Hazel Lavery. The Sunday Independent is a Broadsheet Sunday Newspaper published in the Republic of Ireland by Independent News and Media plc [13]
However, a 2006 book about Collins refutes this speculation:
. . . the IRA followed both Collins and Lady Lavery. They did a thorough examination of them, and they found nothing. If they had discovered they were having an affair, she would have been shot because they would have felt she was a double agent. [14]
References
- ^ a b c d e Sinead McCoole, Hazel: A Life of Lady Lavery, 1880-1935 (2nd ed. ) Lilliput Press, 1996.
- ^ [1] Edward Jenner Martyn was a one-time vice-president of Philip Armour's Union Stock Yards & Transit Company. Philip Danforth Armour ( 16 May 1832 &ndash 6 January 1901) was an American Businessman who founded Armour and Company The Martyns were important donors at St. Chrysostom's Episcopal Church in the Episcopal Diocese of Chicago. The Episcopal Diocese of Chicago is the official organization of the Episcopal Church in Chicago and Northern Illinois, USA.
- ^ "Hazel Martyn Trudeau Weds", The New York Times, 22 July 1909
- ^ a b c d e [2] Crawford Art Gallery, London
- ^ a b c d Sir John Lavery by Kenneth McConkey (Canongate Press, 1993)
- ^ [3] Euro Changeover Board of Ireland: Economic and Monetary Union Act, 1998
- ^ [4] "Lady Lavery Will Hang", Time, Oct. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and 22, 1923. The "Lady Cunard" the article refers to the former Maud Alice Burke, wife of magnate Sir Bache Edward Cunard of the Cunard Line. The title Cunard baronetcy was created in 1859 for Samuel Cunard, the Canadian -born British shipping magnate Cunard Line is a British shipping company operator of the Ocean liners RMS ''Queen Elizabeth 2'' ( QE2) RMS ''Queen Mary 2'' ( The portrait referred to may be Hazel in rose and grey as discussed above.
- ^ a b [5] Georgetown University, Sir Shane Leslie collection, undated letter
- ^ [6] Georgetown University, Sir Shane Leslie collection, from one of the four following Churchill letters:11/8/1924, 11/12/1924, 2/27/1929, undated
- ^ [http://www.library.georgetown.edu/dept/speccoll/fl/f163}10.htm#id49629 Georgetown University, Sir Shane Leslie collection, 1959 letter
- ^ [7] Georgetown University, Sir Shane Leslie collection, 1950 letter to Audrey Morris. Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D Sir John Randolph Leslie 3rd Baronet, generally known as Shane Leslie, ( 24 September 1885 &ndash 14 August 1971) an Irish Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D Sir John Randolph Leslie 3rd Baronet, generally known as Shane Leslie, ( 24 September 1885 &ndash 14 August 1971) an Irish Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D Sir John Randolph Leslie 3rd Baronet, generally known as Shane Leslie, ( 24 September 1885 &ndash 14 August 1971) an Irish Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D Sir John Randolph Leslie 3rd Baronet, generally known as Shane Leslie, ( 24 September 1885 &ndash 14 August 1971) an Irish
- ^ Patmore, Derek, "Private History," London: Jonathan Cape, 1960, page 164
- ^ [8] SAOIRSE32, Ní neart go cur le chéile
- ^ Michael Collins and the Women Who Spied for Ireland by Meda Ryan, Mercier Publication (2006)