For the earlier biplane fighter, see Hawker Fury

Sea Fury
Hawker Sea Fury FB. A biplane is a Fixed-wing aircraft with two main Wings The first powered heavier-than-air Aircraft, the Wright brothers' Wright Flyer WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout 11 VR930 with wings folded, at Kemble Airfield, Gloucestershire, England. Operated by the Royal Navy Historic Flight.
Type	Naval fighter-bomber
Manufacturer	Hawker
Designed by	Sydney Camm
Maiden flight	21 February 1945
Introduced	October 1945 (FAA) 1947 (RCN)
Retired	1955 (FAA) 1956 (RCN)
Primary users	Royal Navy Royal Australian Navy Royal Canadian Navy Pakistan Air Force
Produced	1945–1960
Number built	860
Developed from	Hawker Tempest

The Sea Fury was a British fighter aircraft developed for the Royal Navy by Hawker during the Second World War. Ground-attack aircraft are military aircraft designed to attack targets on the ground and are often deployed as Close air support for and in proximity to their own ground forces An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts Hawker Siddeley was a group of British manufacturing companies renowned for their aircraft production. Sir Sydney Camm, CBE, FRAeS ( August 5, 1893 March 12, 1966) was an English aeronautical engineer who contributed The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1945: Events January January 1 - the Luftwaffe begins targeting This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1945: Events January January 1 - the Luftwaffe begins targeting The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) The Royal Australian Navy ( RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. For the history of Canada's naval forces after 1968 see Canadian Forces Maritime Command The Royal Canadian Navy ( RCN) was the Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) Hawker Siddeley was a group of British manufacturing companies renowned for their aircraft production. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The last propeller-driven fighter to serve the Royal Navy, it was also one of the fastest production single piston-engined aircraft ever built, and the last ever propeller-driven fighter to shoot down a jet-powered fighter. A propeller is essentially a type of fan which transmits power by converting Rotational motion into Thrust for propulsion of a vehicle such as an The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is a Heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating Pistons to convert

Contents 1 Design and development 1.1 Naval conversion 2 Operational history 2.1 Korean War 2.2 Later service 3 Variants 4 Operators 5 Survivors 6 Specifications (FB11) 7 See also 8 References 8.1 Notes 8.2 Bibliography 9 External links

Design and development

The Hawker Fury was an evolutionary successor to the successful Hawker Typhoon and Tempest fighters and fighter-bombers of the Second World War. Hawker Siddeley was a group of British manufacturing companies renowned for their aircraft production. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Fury was designed in 1942 by Sydney Camm, the famous Hawker designer, to meet the RAF’s requirement for a lightweight Tempest II replacement. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1942: Events January January 30 - Canadian Pacific Air Lines Sir Sydney Camm, CBE, FRAeS ( August 5, 1893 March 12, 1966) was an English aeronautical engineer who contributed Developed as the "Tempest Light Fighter", it used modified Tempest semi-elliptical outer wing panels, bolted and riveted together on the fuselage centerline. An elliptical wing is a Wing Planform shape first seen on Aircraft in the 1930s which minimizes induced drag. The fuselage itself was similar to the Tempest, but fully monocoque with a higher cockpit for better visibility. Monocoque, from the French for single ( mono) and shell ( coque) is a construction technique that supports structural load by using an object's external ^[1] The Air Ministry was sufficiently impressed by the design to write Specification F.2/43 around the concept. The Air Ministry was formerly a department of the British Government with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force. This is a partial list of the British Air Ministry (AM specifications for Aircraft. ^[2]

Six prototypes were ordered; two were to be powered by Rolls Royce Griffon engines, two with Centaurus XXIIs, one with a Centaurus XII and one as a test structure. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The first Fury to fly, on 1 September 1944 was NX798 with a Centaurus XII with rigid engine mounts, powering a Rotol four-blade propeller. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dowty Rotol is the final incarnation of three major British aviation supply firms Dowty Equipment, Rotol Airscrews and British Messier, which Second on 27 November 1944 was LA610, which had a Griffon 85 and Rotol six-blade contra-rotating propeller. Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Contra-rotating, also referred to as coaxial contra-rotating, is a technique whereby Propellers or fan blades mounted on a common axle rotate in opposite directions By now development of the Fury and Sea Fury was closely interlinked so that the next prototype to fly was a Sea Fury, SR661, described under "Naval Conversion. " NX802 (25 July 1945) was the last Fury prototype, powered by a Centaurus XV. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar With the ending of the Second World War in Europe, the RAF Fury contract was cancelled and development centred on the Sea Fury. LA610 was eventually fitted with a Napier Sabre VII, which was capable of developing 3,400 to 4,000 hp (2,535 to 2,983 kW). WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout As a result it became the fastest piston engined Hawker aircraft, reaching a speed of around 485 mph (780 km/h). ^[3]

Naval conversion

In 1943, the design was modified to meet a Royal Navy request (N. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1943: Events January January 27 - the USAAF makes its first 7/43) for a carrier-based fighter. An aircraft carrier is a Warship designed with Boulton-Paul Aircraft were to make the conversion while Hawker continued work on the Air Force design. Boulton Paul Aircraft Ltd was a British aircraft manufacturer that was created in 1934 although its origins lay in 1914, and lasted until 1961. The first Sea Fury prototype, SR661, flew on 21 February 1945, powered by a Bristol Centaurus XII engine. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This prototype had a "stinger"-type tailhook for arrested carrier landings, but lacked folding wings for storage. A tailhook, also arresting hook or arrestor hook, is a device attached to the Empennage (rear of an Aircraft. A folding wing is a design feature of Aircraft to save space and is typical of naval aircraft that operate from the limited deck space of Aircraft carriers The ^[2] SR666, the second prototype, which flew on 12 October 1945, was powered by a Centaurus XV turning a new, five-bladed Rotol propeller and was built with folding wings. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Dowty Rotol is the final incarnation of three major British aviation supply firms Dowty Equipment, Rotol Airscrews and British Messier, which Specification N. 7/43 was modified to N. 22/43, now representing an order for 200 aircraft. Of these, 100 were to be built at Boulton-Paul.

Both prototypes were undergoing carrier landing trials when the Japanese surrendered in 1945, ending development of the land-based Fury; work on the navalized Sea Fury continued. The original order to specification N. 22/43 was reduced to 100 aircraft, and the Boulton-Paul agreement was cancelled. At the same time construction of what was intended to be a Boulton-Paul built Sea Fury prototype, VB857 was transferred to the Hawker factory at Kingston. This aircraft, built to the same standard as SR666, first flew on 31 January 1946. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The first production model, the Sea Fury F. Mark X (Fighter, Mark X), flew in September 1946. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1946: Events January January 1 - a British South American Airways Problems arose with damaged tailhooks during carrier landings; after modifications, the aircraft were approved for carrier landings in spring 1947.

Operational history

The Royal Navy’s earlier Supermarine Seafire had never been completely suitable for carrier use, having a poor view for landing and a narrow-track undercarriage that made landings and takeoffs "tricky". WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In Aviation, the undercarriage or landing gear is the structure (usually wheels that supports an Aircraft on the ground and allows it to taxi Consequently, the Sea Fury F X replaced it on most carriers. ^[4] Sea Furies were issued to Nos. 736, 738, 759 and 778 Squadrons of the Fleet Air Arm.

The F. X was followed by the Sea Fury FB. XI fighter-bomber variant, later known as the FB 11, which eventually reached a production total of 650 aircraft. The Sea Fury remained the Fleet Air Arm’s primary fighter-bomber until 1953 and the introduction of the Hawker Sea Hawk and Supermarine Attacker. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1953: Events The first year in which the world's Airlines carried more than 50 million people ( WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Supermarine Attacker was a British single-seat naval jet fighter built by Supermarine for the Royal Navy 's Fleet Air Arm (FAA.

A total of 74 Sea Furies FB 11 (and one FB 10) served with the Royal Canadian Navy (R. C. N. ) between 1948 and 1956. All flew from the aircraft carrier HMCS Magnificent (CVL 21) in 871 squadron. History The third ship of the ''Majestic'' class, Magnificent was built by Harland and Wolff, laid down 29 July 1943 and

Korean War

The FB 11 served throughout the Korean War as a ground-attack aircraft, flying from the Royal Navy light fleet carriers HMS Glory, HMS Ocean, HMS Theseus, and the Australian carrier HMAS Sydney. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the Service In 1950 with the beginning of the Korean War, Theseus was deployed to Korea, for the type of operations that had been envisaged for her when Construction and acquisition The ship was laid down by HM Dockyard Devonport in England as HMS Terrible (R93 on 19 April 1943 and launched 30 September 1944 ^[5] On 8 August 1952, FAA pilot Lieutenant Peter "Hoagy" Carmichael Royal Navy downed a MiG-15 jet fighter in air-to-air combat, making the Sea Fury one of the few prop-driven fighter aircraft to shoot down a jet-powered fighter. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A dogfight or dog fight is Aerial combat between Fighter aircraft. ^[6] Indeed, some sources claim a second MiG was downed,^[7] although most accounts do not mention this; either way, this is often cited as the only successful engagement by a British pilot in a British aircraft in the entire Korean War. ^[2] The engagement occurred when his mixed flight of Sea Furies and Fireflies was engaged by eight MiG-15s, during which one Firefly was badly damaged while the Sea Furies were able to escape unharmed. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A similar encounter the next day led to the Sea Fury fighters using their superior manoeuvrability to escape another MiG-15 "bounce" although one Sea Fury had to limp home to HMS Ocean.

Later service

Sea Fury FB 11s entered service with the fighter squadrons of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve in August 1951. Units equipped were No. 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834, 1835 and 1836 squadrons, No. 1832 being last to relinquish the type in August 1955.

The Sea Fury F. 50 export variant proved popular, being purchased by Australia, Germany, Iraq, Egypt, Burma, Pakistan and Cuba. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la The Netherlands bought 24 aircraft, then acquired a licence for production of 24 more F. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands 50s at Fokker. Fokker was a Dutch Aircraft manufacturer named after its founder Anthony Fokker. Cuban Sea Furies saw action during the Bay of Pigs Invasion. The Bay of Pigs Invasion (aka Playa Girón) was an unsuccessful attempt by a U The final production figures for all marks reached around 860 aircraft.

Variants

Fury I

Single-seat land-based fighter version for the Iraqi Air Force. The Iraqi Air Force or IQAF (Arabic Al Quwwa al Jawwiya al Iraqiya القوة الجوية العراقية is the military branch in Iraq responsible Unofficially known as the Baghdad Fury, 55 built.

Fury Trainer

Two-seat training version for the Iraqi Air Force, five built.

Sea Fury F10

Single-seat fighter version for the Royal Navy. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service)

Sea Fury FB11

Single-seat fighter-bomber for the Royal Navy, Royal Australian Navy and Royal Canadian Navy. The Royal Australian Navy ( RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. For the history of Canada's naval forces after 1968 see Canadian Forces Maritime Command The Royal Canadian Navy ( RCN) was the

Sea Fury T20

Two-seat training version for the Royal Navy.

Sea Fury F50

Single-seat fighter version for the Royal Netherlands Navy. The Koninklijke Marine ( Royal Netherlands Navy) is the Navy of the Netherlands.

Sea Fury FB51

Single-seat fighter-bomber version for the Royal Netherlands Navy.

Sea Fury FB60

Single-seat fighter-bomber version for the Pakistan Air Force. Pakistan Air Force ( Urdu: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ( PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces

Sea Fury T61

Two-seat training version for the Pakistan Air Force.

Operators

Main article: List of Hawker Sea Fury operators

•  Australia
•  Burma
•  Canada
•  Cuba
•  Egypt
•  Germany
•  Iraq
•  Morocco
•  Netherlands
•  Pakistan
•  United Kingdom

Survivors

Because production continued until well after the end of the Second World War and aircraft remained in Royal Navy service until 1955, dozens of airframes have survived in varying levels of condition. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A number of Sea Furies are airworthy today, with around a dozen heavily modified and raced regularly at the Reno Air Races as of 2006. The Reno Air Races, also known as the National Championship Air Races, take place each September at the Reno Stead Airport a few miles north of Reno Nevada Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Most of these replace the original sleeve-valve Centaurus radial, because rotational speed and tuning potential are limited in contrast to more conventional engines such as the Rolls Royce Merlin. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Most racing Sea Furies use the Pratt & Whitney Wasp Major. Pratt & Whitney is an American Aircraft engine manufacturer of products widely used in both civil and military aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Many additional airframes remain as static displays in museums worldwide.

Specifications (FB11)

Data from The Flightline^[8]

General characteristics

• Crew: One
• Length: 34 ft 8 in (10. 6 m)
• Wingspan: 38 ft 4¾ in (11. The wingspan (or just span) of an airplane or a Bird, is the distance from the left wingtip to the right wingtip 7 m)
• Height: 16 ft 1 in (4. 9 m)
• Wing area: 280 ft² (26 m²)
• Empty weight: 9,240 lb (4,190 kg)
• Max takeoff weight: 12,500 lb (5,670 kg)
• Powerplant: 1× Bristol Centaurus XVIIC 18-cylinder twin-row radial engine, 2,480 hp (1,850 kW)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 460 mph (740 km/h) at 18,000 ft (5,500 m)
• Cruise speed: 390 mph (625 km/h)
• Range: 700 mi (1,127 km) with internal fuel; 1,040 mi (1,675 km) with two drop tanks
• Service ceiling 35,800 ft (10,900 m)
• Rate of climb: 30,000 ft (9,200 m) in 10. The Maximum Takeoff Weight or Maximum Takeoff Mass of an Aircraft is the maximum weight at which the pilot of the aircraft is allowed to attempt to take off WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The radial engine is a reciprocating type internal combustion Engine configuration in which the cylinders point outward from a central In Aviation, V-speeds or Velocity-speeds are standard terms used to define Airspeeds important or useful to the operation of Aircraft, such In Aviation, V-speeds or Velocity-speeds are standard terms used to define Airspeeds important or useful to the operation of Aircraft, such The maximal total range is the distance an Aircraft can fly between Takeoff and Landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft or cross-country In Aeronautics, a ceiling is the maximum Density altitude an aircraft can reach under a set of conditions In Aerodynamics, the rate of climb RoC is the speed at which an Aircraft increases its Altitude. 8 minutes
• Wing loading: 44. In Aerodynamics, wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing 6 lb/ft² (161. 2 kg/m²)
• Power/mass: 0. Power-to-weight ratio (specific power is a calculation commonly applied to Engines and other mobile power sources to enable the comparison of one unit or design to another 198 hp/lb (441 W/kg)

Armament

• Guns: 4× 20 mm Hispano Mk V cannon
• Rockets: 12× 3 in (76 mm) rockets or
• Bombs: 2,000 lb (908 kg) of bombs

See also

Related development

• Hawker Typhoon
• Hawker Tempest
  

Comparable aircraft

• CAC Kangaroo
• Vought F4U Corsair
• Focke-Wulf Fw 190
• F8F Bearcat
• Lavochkin La-9
• Martin-Baker MB 5
• Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
• Supermarine Seafang
  

Related lists

• List of aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm
  

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

• Two photographs of the Griffon-engined Hawker Fury I, LA610 - for the second picture click on the Another view link. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
• Photographs of the same Hawker Fury I, LA610, re-engined with Centaurus & Sabre

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