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Harold Ernest Robinson (born 1932, Syracuse, New York[1]) is an eminent botanist and an entomologist. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Syracuse (locally ˈsɛrəkjuːs sometimes ˈsɪrəkjuːs or /ˈsɪərəkjuːs/ by non-natives is a city in Central New York, USA. Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life Entomology (from Greek grc ἔντομος entomos, "that which is cut in pieces or engraved/segmented" hence "insect" and grc -λογία

Contents

Career

Dr. Robinson's systematic knowledge encompasses many groups of plants and even some insects. But his real specialty is the sunflower family (Asteraceae) and the bryophytes. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of Flowering He has named or described over 2,800 new species and subtribes, that is more than one tenth of the number of species in the Asteraceae. This figure is also about one quarter of the number of flowering plants, described by Linnaeus. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Few taxonomists have ever done better. Taxonomy is the practice and science of classification The word comes from the Greek, taxis (meaning 'order' 'arrangement' and, nomos

He has written over 650 publications, mainly on the Asteraceae, mosses and liverworts (Bryophyta), the long-legged fly family Dolichopodidae (describing over 200 new species and 6 new genera, such as Harmstonia and Nanomyina) and many other subjects. Mosses are small soft Plants that are typically 1–10  cm (0 The Marchantiophyta are a division of Bryophyte Plants commonly referred to as hepatics or liverworts. Dolichopodidae, the long-legged flies, make up a large family of true flies with more than 7000 described Species in about 230 Genera distributed

He received a B. S. from Ohio University in 1955, an M. Ohio University is a public university located in Athens Ohio that is situated on a 1800 acre (7 Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) S. from the University of Tennessee in 1957, a Ph. The University of Tennessee (also known as UT) sometimes called the University of Tennessee Knoxville ( UT Knoxville, or UTK) is the flagship Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) D. from Duke University in 1960. Duke University is a private Research University located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

After a short stint (from 1960 to 1962) as assistant professor at Wofford College (Spartanburg, South Carolina), he became Associate Curator of lower plants at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington (1960-1962). Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Spartanburg is the largest city in and the County seat of Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United Non-vascular plants is a general term for those Plants (including the Green algae) without a vascular system ( Xylem and Phloem The Smithsonian Institution (smɪθsoʊnɪən is an educational and research institute and associated Museum complex administered and funded by the Government of Later he was appointed Associate Curator (1964-1971) and finally Curator of Botany from 1971. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar.

Research

Together with collaborators, he investigated the taxonomy of several bryophytes, green algae (co-naming a new genus Struveopsis), vines of family Hippocrateaceae (nom. The green algae (singular green alga) are the large group of Algae from which the Embryophytes (higher plants emerged In taxonomy, Struveopsis is a genus of Algae, specifically of the Siphonocladaceae. A vine is any plant of Genus Vitis (the Grape plants or by extension any similar climbing or trailing plant cons. ) (now a synonym of the staff vine family Celastraceae). The Celastraceae (or Staff vine or bittersweet family syn Canotiaceae Chingithamnaceae Euonymaceae Goupiaceae Lophopyxidaceae

He made a study of the phylogeny of the genus Houstonia, madder family (Rubiaceae). Rubiaceae is a family of Flowering plants variously called the Madder family, Bedstraw family or coffee

In 1974 he named a new subtribe Luziolinae of oryzoid (= rice-like) grasses Poaceae, but this was not supported by a recent molecular study (Duvall et al. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Grass is the common word that generally describes Monocotyledonous green Plants The family Gramineae ( Poaceae) are the "true grasses" and include Poaceae or Gramineae is a family in the Class Liliopsida of the flowering plants. , 1993).

He named the small genus Synanthes (P. Burns-Balogh, H. Rob. & Mercedes S. Foster) of epiphytic orchids from Paraguay. An epiphyte is an organism that grows upon or attaches to a living plant

He also named 32 new species from the bromeliad family (Bromeliaceae), mostly in the genera Navia and Lindmania, Connellia, and Cottendorfia, such as Navia albiflora L. Navia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae. They have been recognized as an independent subfamily Navioideae but Lindmania (named for Carl Axel Magnus Lindman Swedish botanist is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Connellia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae. Species Cottendorfia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae. B. Smith, Steyermark & Robinson and Navia aliciae L. B. Smith, Steyermark & Robinson. In 1999 he merged Pepinia into Pitcairnia at generic level. Pitcairnia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Pitcairnioideae. Pitcairnia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Pitcairnioideae. (Harvard Papers in Botany Vol. 4 no. 1 195 – 202). He made several illustrations for the Catalog of Botanical Illustrations, Smithsonian Institution, such as for Brewcaria duidensis (Bromeliaceae).

But his major interest went to the sunflower family (Asteraceae). The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of Flowering In the neotropical tribe Eupatorieae (Asteraceae), Robinson (with co-worker King) has named at least one species in 27 of the genera. In Biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial Ecozones This ecozone includes South and Central America the Eupatorieae is a tribe of over 2000 Within the aster family, the Eupatorieae are nested within what has traditionally been the Heliantheae (broadly He later worked on the reorganization of the tribes Senecioneae, Heliantheae, Liabeae and lately Vernonieae. Senecioneae is the largest tribe of the Asteraceae, or the sunflower family comprising approximately 150 genera and 3000 species The tribe Heliantheae is the most familiar tribe of the Sunflower family ( Asteraceae) Vernonieae is a tribe of about 1300 species of plants in the aster family.

The tribe Eupatorieae is known for the many secondary metabolite chemicals such as alkaloids, (poly)acetylenes, and terpenoids (see Ichthyothere). Eupatorieae is a tribe of over 2000 Within the aster family, the Eupatorieae are nested within what has traditionally been the Heliantheae (broadly Metabolomics is the "systematic study of the unique chemical fingerprints that specific cellular processes leave behind" - specifically the study of their small-molecule metabolite This article is about the chemical compounds alkaloids For the Pharmaceutical company in the Republic of Macedonia see Alkaloid (company. Acetylene ( IUPAC name ethyne), C2H2 is a Hydrocarbon belonging to the group of Alkynes It is the simplest of all alkynes The terpenoids, sometimes referred to as isoprenoids, are a large and diverse class of naturally-occurring organic chemicals similar to Terpenes derived Ichthyothere is a small genus of about 25 flowering plants found in parts of South America Robinson has made a detailed study of these chemicals, together with R. M. King and Ferdinand Bohlmann. This resulted in a large number of publications mostly in the journal Phytochemistry in the 1970s and 1980s.

In 1970 Robinson and King stressed the need for diagnostic character analysis in his classic article entitled The new synantherology (Taxon 19: 6-11). Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1986 he gave a critical but constructive opinion on cladistics in the article. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Cladistics is the hierarchical classification of Species based on evolutionary ancestry ”A key to the common errors of cladistics”. (Taxon 35: 309-311).

The genus Robinsonecio T. M. Barkley & J. P. Janovec (Asteraceae) is named for him.

The standard author abbreviation H. This is a list of Botanists by their author abbreviation, including that established by Brummitt & Powell (1992 designed for citation in the Botanical names they have Rob. is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name. In Botanical nomenclature, author citation refers to citing the person (or group of people who validly published a Botanical name, i A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN and if the plant is a Cultigen, the [2]


Selected works

References

  1. ^ Robert DeFilipps (July-September 2003). Botany Profile: A Colossus of the Compositae. The Plant Press. Department of Systematic Biology - Botany & the U. S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.
  2. ^ Brummitt, R. K. ; C. E. Powell (1992). Authors of Plant Names. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, usually referred to simply as Kew Gardens, are extensive Gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond and ISBN 1-84246-085-4.  
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