Harkness Tower - Citizendia

Building
Harkness Tower
Harkness Tower over the year
Type
Architectural Style	Collegiate Gothic
Location	New Haven, CT
Owner	Yale University
Current Tenants	Yale University Guild of Carillonneurs
Construction
Started	1917
Completed	1921
Height	216 ft.
Floor Count	9
Design Team
Architect	James Gamble Rogers
Other designers	Lee Lawrie, sculptures

Harkness Tower is a prominent Gothic structure at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. James Gamble Rogers ( March 3, 1867 &mdash October 1, 1947) was an American architect best known for his academic commissions Lee Oscar Lawrie ( October 16, 1877 - January 23, 1963) was one of the United States ' foremost architectural Sculptors See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

The tower was constructed between 1917 and 1921 as part of the Memorial Quadrangle donated to Yale by Anna M. Harkness in honor of her recently deceased son, Charles William Harkness, Yale class of 1883, and the second son of Stephen V. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1921 ( MCMXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1921 calendar of the Gregorian calendar The Memorial Quadrangle at Yale University was donated by Anna M Anna M Richardson ( 25 October[[ 837]]- 27 March[[ 926]] was an American Philanthropist. Harkness, an early investor in the company that became Standard Oil. ^[1] It was designed by James Gamble Rogers, who designed many of Yale's "Collegiate Gothic" structures. James Gamble Rogers ( March 3, 1867 &mdash October 1, 1947) was an American architect best known for his academic commissions Rogers said his design for the tower was inspired by "Boston Stump," the tall 15th-century tower of the parish church (of St Botolph) in Boston, England. The Boston parish church, known popularly as The Stump, in Boston Lincolnshire, UK is a Parish church dedicated to Saint Botolph Botolph, Botulph or Botulf (d c 680 was an English Abbot and Saint. Boston ( is a town and small Port in Lincolnshire, on the east coast of England. The Boston Stump is notable as the tallest parish church tower in all of England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Rogers also based some details on the tower of Saint Giles church in Wrexham, Wales, where Elihu Yale is buried. Saint Giles (Αιγίδιος Ægidius Gilles Egidio Egidio Gil c Wrexham (Wrecsam is a town and principal area in Wales. It is the largest town in North Wales and lies to the east of the region Elihu Yale ( April 5, 1649, in Boston, Massachusetts - July 8, 1721, in London, England) was

James S. Hedden was the contractor's supervisor for the project and photographs of the early construction can be located at Yale University Library's Manuscripts and Archives Collection entitled, "James S. Hedden Photographs of Memorial Quadrangle, Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library. Yale University Library is the library system of Yale University in New Haven Connecticut, United States. "^[2] From the street level to the roof there are 284 steps. It was, when built, the only couronne ("crown") tower in English Perpendicular Gothic style that had been constructed in the modern era. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period.

The console from which the Yale Memorial Carillon is played. The Yale Memorial Carillon (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Harkness Carillon) is a Carillon of 54 bells in Harkness Tower at Yale

The tower contains the Yale Memorial Carillon, a 54-bell carillon. The Yale Memorial Carillon (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Harkness Carillon) is a Carillon of 54 bells in Harkness Tower at Yale A carillon (/kaʁijɔ̃/ /ˈkærɪljɒn/ or /kəˈrɪljən/ is a Musical instrument consisting of at least 23 cast bronze cup-shaped bells which are played It is a transposing instrument (the C bell sounds a concert B). Ten bells were installed in 1922, and the instrument was augmented by the addition of 44 bells in 1966. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The instrument is played by members of a student-run group set up for the purpose, the Yale Guild of Carillonneurs, and selected guest carillonneurs. The Yale Memorial Carillon (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Harkness Carillon) is a Carillon of 54 bells in Harkness Tower at Yale During the school year, the instrument is played for two half-hour sessions per day (the evening session is a full hour on Saturdays); in summer it is played only in the evening, with a Summer Series of regularly scheduled concerts on Fridays. (Some residents of Branford College and Saybrook College, of which the tower forms a part of the periphery, have been known to call the daily performances "death by bells. Branford College is one of the 12 Residential colleges at Yale University. Saybrook College is one of the 12 residential colleges at Yale University. ")

Harkness Tower is 216 feet (66 m) tall — one foot for each year since Yale's founding at the time it was built — with a square base rising in stages to a double stone crown on an octagonal base, dissolving at the top in a spray of stone pinnacles. It was built of separate stone blocks in the authentic manner. Yale tour guides like to perpetuate the myth that the Tower was once the tallest free-standing stone structure in the world, but needed to be reinforced because its eccentric architect poured acid down the walls to make the tower look older. Despite the myths, however, the Washington Monument has been the tallest free-standing stone structure in the United States since it was completed, long before Harkness Tower was built. The Washington Monument is a large tall sand-colored Obelisk near the west end of the National Mall in Washington D The Tower was reinforced with steel in 1966, but the actual reason was to bear the weight of the 44 carillon bells that were added that year (the total weight of the bells is 43 tons).

The bronze clock faces on the Tower

Midway to the top, four openwork copper clockfaces tell the hours. The bells of the carillon are located behind the clockfaces, fixed to a frame made of steel I-beams. The playing console of the carillon is at the level of the balconies immediately below the clock faces. Lower levels of the tower house a water tank (no longer used), two practice carillons, the old chimes playing console, office space for the Yale University Guild of Carillonneurs, and a memorial chapel.

Its decorative elements were sculpted by Lee Lawrie (1877-1963). Lee Oscar Lawrie ( October 16, 1877 - January 23, 1963) was one of the United States ' foremost architectural Sculptors The lowest level of sculpture depicts Yale's Eight Worthies: Elihu Yale, Jonathan Edwards, Nathan Hale, Noah Webster, James Fenimore Cooper, John C. Calhoun, Samuel F. B. Morse, and Eli Whitney. Elihu Yale ( April 5, 1649, in Boston, Massachusetts - July 8, 1721, in London, England) was This article is about the theologian (b 1703 for other uses of Jonathan Edwards see Jonathan Edwards. Nathan Hale ( June 6, 1755 &ndash September 22, 1776) was an officer for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary Noah Webster (October 16 1758 &ndash May 28 1843 was an American Lexicographer, textbook author Spelling reformer word enthusiast and editor James Fenimore Cooper (September 15 1789 &ndash September 14 1851 was a prolific and popular American writer of the early 19th century John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18 1782 &ndash March 31 1850 was a leading United States Southern politician and political philosopher from South Carolina during Samuel Finley Breese Morse ( April 27, 1791 &ndash April 2, 1872) was an American painter of portraits and historic The second level of sculpture depicts Phidias, Homer, Aristotle, and Euclid. Phidias (or Pheidias; in Ancient Greek,; c[[ 80 BC]] c 430 BC) son of Charmides was an ancient Greek Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the Aristotle (Greek Aristotélēs) (384 BC – 322 BC was a Greek philosopher a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. Euclid ( Greek:.) fl 300 BC also known as Euclid of Alexandria, is often referred to as the Father of Geometry The next level of sculpture consists of allegorical figures depicting Medicine, Business, Law, the Church, Courage and Effort, War and Peace, Generosity and Order, Justice and Truth, Life and Progress, and Death and Freedom. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the A business (also called firm or an enterprise) is a legally recognized organizational entity designed to provide goods and/or services to Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Church (disambiguation Christian Church and the word church are used to denote both a Christian association of people and a Place of worship The gargoyles on the top level depict Yale's students at war and in study (a pen-wielding writer, a proficient athlete, a tea-drinking socialite, and a diligent scholar), along with masks of Homer, Virgil, Dante, and Shakespeare. In Architecture, a gargoyle is a carved stone Grotesque with a spout designed to convey water from a roof and away from the side of a building Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the Publius Vergilius Maro ( October 15, 70 BCE &ndash September 21, 19 BCE later called Virgilius, and known in English as Virgil or William Shakespeare ( baptised

The witticism, attributed to various modernist architects, that had he to choose any place in New Haven to live he would select the Harkness Tower, for then he "would not have to look at it," is apparently apocryphal, derivative of a similar story told of Alexandre Dumas and the Eiffel Tower. Alexandre Dumas Fils (French for son similar to Junior in English ( July 27, 1824 &ndash November 27, 1895) was The Eiffel Tower (Tour Eiffel /tuʀ ɛfɛl/ is an Iron Tower built

The tower's image was adopted by the Yale Herald, a weekly student newspaper, for its masthead. The Yale Herald is a newspaper run by undergraduate students at Yale University since 1986

Notes

^ Tritia Yamasaki, "The Character of Harkness Tower"
^ Hedden, James S. "Guide to the Photographs of Memorial Quadrangle, Yale University."

External links

Coordinates: 41°18′34″N 72°55′46″W / 41.3093, -72.9294

The Yale Memorial Carillon (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Harkness Carillon) is a Carillon of 54 bells in Harkness Tower at Yale Branford College is one of the 12 Residential colleges at Yale University. The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

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