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For other uses, see Harem (disambiguation).
The Terrace of the Seraglio, painting by Jean-Leon Gerome (1898)
The Terrace of the Seraglio, painting by Jean-Leon Gerome (1898)

Harem (Turkish from Arab Ḥarām, forbidden) refers to the sphere of women in a usually polygynous household and their quarters enclosed and forbidden to men. Jean-Léon Gérôme ( May 11, 1824 – January 10, 1904) was a French painter and sculptor in the style Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding The Arabic term ḥaram has a meaning of "sanctuary" or "holy site" in Islam. Polygyny (which comes from neo- Greek: πολύ poly "many" + γυνή gyny "woman" is a specific form of Polygamy, It originated in the Near East and came to the Western world via the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish In more modern usage, it may also denote a number of women followers of a man.

Other languages, the term serraglio (Italian from Persian sarāy "palace, enclosed courts") carry similar meanings. A seraglio (also serraglio) is the sequestered living quarters used by wives and Concubines in a Turkish household from an Italian variant of Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy.

Contents

Etymology

Harem interior, possibly the former summer palace, burned in 1863. Engraving after a drawing by A.I. Melling (1811)
Harem interior, possibly the former summer palace, burned in 1863. Engraving after a drawing by A. I. Melling (1811)
A Turkish bath provided for a harem.
A Turkish bath provided for a harem.

The word has been recorded in the English language since 1634, via the Turkish harem, from the Arabic Ḥarām (forbidden), originally entailing "women's quarters," literally: "something forbidden or kept safe," from the root Ḥarama "he guarded, forbade. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language " The triliteral Ḥ-R-M is common to Arabic words entailing forbidden. In the terminology used to discuss the grammar of the Semitic languages and some other Afro-Asiatic languages, a triliteral ( Arabic: جذر ثلاثي ( ح ر م) is the Triconsonantal root of many Arabic words and many of those words are used as names The word is cognate to the Hebrew Ḥerem, rendered with Greek ’anáthema when it applies to excommunication pronounced by the Jewish Sanhedrin court - all these words mean that an object is "sacred" or "accursed". The Sanhedrin (סנהדרין συνέδριον ''synedrion'', "sitting together" hence " assembly " or "council" was an assembly

Female privacy in Islam is emphasized to the extent that any unlawful breaking into that privacy is Ḥarām "forbidden". For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Contrary to the common belief, a Muslim harem does not necessarily consist solely of women with whom the head of the household has sexual relations (wives and concubines), but also their young offspring, other female relatives, etc. Concubinage is the state of a woman or youth in an ongoing quasi-matrimonial relationship with a man of higher social status ; and it may either be a palatial complex, as in Romantic tales, in which case it includes staff (women and eunuchs), or simply their quarters, in the Ottoman tradition separated from the men's selamlik. A eunuch (ˈjuːnək is a Castrated man in particular one castrated early enough to have major hormonal consequences the term usually refers to those castrated in order to Selamlik ( Turkish: Selamlık) is the portion of a Turkish Palace or house reserved for men

It is being more commonly acknowledged today that the purpose of Harems during the Ottoman Empire were for the royal upbringing of the future wives of noble and royal men. These women would be educated so that they were ready to appear in public as a royal wife. No forms of sexual activity took place in those Harems.

History

Scence from the Harem by Jean-Baptiste van Mour (1st half of 18th century)
Scence from the Harem by Jean-Baptiste van Mour (1st half of 18th century)
Women of the Harem- Watercolor on Paper by Haydar Hatemi-1997
Women of the Harem- Watercolor on Paper by Haydar Hatemi-1997

The harem of the Turkish Great Sultan, which was in the Topkapı Palace serraglio, typically housed several hundred - at times over a thousand - women including wives. Jean-Baptiste van Mour or Vanmour ( January 9, 1671 &mdash January 22, 1737) was a Flemish - French painter remembered Haydar Hatemi (born March 3 1945, Alamdar city in Iranian Azerbaijan is a Artist of Azeri origin whose work is Great Sultan is one of various informal Titles such as Grand Turk, used to refer to the Ottoman Sultan, known in Ottoman Turkish The Topkapı Palace (Topkapı Sarayı or in Ottoman: طوبكابي بالاذيis a palace in Istanbul, Turkey, which was the official and It also housed the Sultan's mother, daughters and other female relatives, as well as eunuchs and slave girls to serve the aforementioned women, and of course dancing girls and pleasure slaves for the Sultan. A eunuch (ˈjuːnək is a Castrated man in particular one castrated early enough to have major hormonal consequences the term usually refers to those castrated in order to As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another During the later periods, the sons of the Sultan also lived in the Harem until they were sixteen, when it might be considered appropriate for them to appear in the public and administrative areas of the palace. The Topkapı Harem was, in some senses, merely the private living quarters of the Sultan and his family, within the palace complex.

It is claimed that harems existed in Persia under the Ancient Achaemenids and later Iranian dynasties (the Sassanid Chosroes II reportedly had a harem of 3000 wives, as well as 12,000 other females) and lasted well into the Qajar Dynasty. The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenid Persian Empire ( haχɒmaneʃijɒn (558–330 BC was the first of the Persian Empires to rule over significant portions of The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty or Sassanian Dynasty (ساسانیان) is the name used for the third Iranian dynasty and the second Persian empire Khosrau II or Khosrow II ( Chosroes II or Xosrov II in classical sources sometimes called The Qajar dynasty (also known as Ghajar or Kadjar ( ( - or دودمان قاجار) is a common term to describe Iran (then known as Persia) under

The women of the Persian royal harem played important though underreported roles in Iranian history, especially during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. The Iranian Constitutional Revolution (also known as the Persian Constitutional Revolution or Constitutional Revolution of Iran) took place between 1905 and 1911 However, this claim is disputed by some Persian historians. [1]

Harem is also the usual English translation of the Chinese language term hougong, 後宮 "the palaces behind. " Hougong are large palaces for the Chinese emperor's consorts, concubines, female attendants and eunuchs. A palace is a grand residence especially the home of a Head of state or some other high-ranking Public figure. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The women who lived in an emperor's hougong sometimes numbered in the thousands.

Depictions in Western culture

The institution of the harem exerted a certain fascination on the European imagination, especially during the Age of Romanticism (see also Orientalism), due in part to the writings of the adventurer Richard Francis Burton. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Orientalism refers to the imitation or depiction of aspects of Eastern cultures in the West by writers designers and artists and can also refer to a sympathetic stance Captain Sir Richard Francis Burton KCMG FRGS (19 March 1821 &ndash 20 October 1890 was an English Explorer, Translator, writer Many Westerners imagined a harem as a brothel consisting of many sensual young women lying around pools with oiled bodies, with the sole purpose of pleasing the powerful man to whom they had given themselves. Much of this is recorded in art from that period, usually portraying groups of attractive women lounging nude by spas and pools.

A centuries-old theme in Western culture is the depiction of European women forcibly taken into Oriental harems - evident for example in the Mozart opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail ("The Abduction from the Serraglio") concerning the attempt of the hero Belmonte to rescue his beloved Konstanze from the serraglio/harem of the Pasha Selim; or in Voltaire's Candide, in chapter 12 of which the old woman relates her experiences of being sold into harems across the Ottoman Empire. Die Entführung aus dem Serail ( K 384; The Abduction from the Seraglio; also known as Il Seraglio) is an Opera Singspiel Pasha or pacha, formerly bashaw, (paşa پاشا ( Persian: پاشا ( Armenian: Փաշա was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire François-Marie Arouet ( 21 November 1694 30 May 1778) better known by the Pen name Voltaire, was a French --> Candide ou l'Optimisme (1759 is a French Satire by the Enlightenment Philosopher Voltaire, English translations of which

The same theme was and still is repeated in numerous historical novels and thrillers. For example, Angélique and the Sultan, part of the bestselling French series by Sergeanne Golon, in which a 17th Century French noblewoman is captured by pirates, sold as a pleasure slave to the King of Morocco and installed in his harem, she is dressed in exotic clothing and prepared for the king's pleasure. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Anne Golon (born December 19 1921, Toulon) is a French author better known to English speaking readers as Sergeanne Golon. But when the king has her brought into his bedchamber and tries to make love with her she kills him with his own dagger and stages a dramatic and successful escape.

H. Beam Piper used the theme in a science fiction context, portraying a gang which kidnaps girls from a Western-dominated, technologically advanced timeline and sells them to a Sultan's harem in an Asian-dominated timeline (see[1]). Henry Beam Piper ( March 23, 1904 – c November 6, 1964) was an American Science fiction author A timeline is a graphical representation of a Chronological sequence of events also referred to as a Chronology. Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings

See also

Grande Odalisque by Ingres (1814)
Grande Odalisque by Ingres (1814)

Sources and references

  1. ^ http://www.livius.org/a/iran/persepolis/harem/harem.html Livius. org Retrieved on 04-13-07

Non-Fiction

Fiction

External links

Dictionary

harem

-noun

  1. The private part of an Arab household. In traditional Arab culture, this part of the household was forbidden to male strangers.
  2. A group of women, wives and/or concubines in a polygamous household.
  3. A group of female animals (cows) herded and controlled by a male animal (bull) of that species for breeding purposes. Such behaviour is exhibited by bovids including cattle and buffalo as well as moose, elephants, seals, sea lions, sea elephants.
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