Hard Rock
Stylistic origins	Blues-rock Garage rock Psychedelic rock Rock and roll
Cultural origins	Mid-Late 1960s, North America, United Kingdom
Typical instruments	Electric guitar - Bass guitar - Vocals - Drums - Keyboards
Mainstream popularity	Popular in 1970s, 1980s, 1990s. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, which is often contrasted with Speech. A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. Music of the 1970s saw the rise of experimental classical music and Minimalist music by classical composers This page indexes the individual year in music pages 2000s The maximum peak of mainstream popularity was reached in 1980s.
Derivative forms	Alternative rock - Heavy metal - Punk rock
Subgenres
Alternative rock - Heavy metal - Punk rock - Grunge
Other topics
Back beat - Rock opera - rock band - Performers - Hall of Fame - Social impact

Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and psychedelic rock. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of This is a list of Music genres derived from Rock and roll, including major rock, metal, punk, and Alternative rock genres Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of In Music, back beat (also backbeat) is a term applied both to a specific style of Rhythmic Accentuation with accent on even Rock operas, Concept albums Song cycles and Oratorios all differ from a conventional rock album which usually includes songs that are unrelated to each Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Rock and roll|Popular music|List of popular music performers|Country music|List of country music performersThis is a list of rock and roll performers. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a Museum located on the shores of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland Ohio, United States The massive popularity and worldwide scope of Rock and roll resulted in a powerful level of social impact Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. It is typified by a heavy use of distorted electric guitars, bass guitar, keyboards and drums. An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells The term "hard rock" is often used as an umbrella term for genres such as grunge or metal and in order to distinguish them from pop rock. An umbrella term is a word that provides a Superset or grouping of related concepts also called a Hypernym. Pop rock is a hybrid of Pop music and Rock music that uses catchy pop style with light lyrics over top of guitar-based songs

Contents 1 Characteristics 1.1 Instrumentation 1.2 Differentiation from heavy metal 2 History 2.1 Early years (1960s) 2.2 First era (1970s) 2.3 Second era (1980s) 2.4 Third era (1990s-present) 3 See also 4 References

Characteristics

Hard rock is strongly influenced by blues music; the most frequently used scale in hard rock is the pentatonic, which is a typical blues scale. The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression In Music, a scale is a group of musical notes collected in ascending and descending order that provides material for or is used to conveniently represent part or all A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five pitches per Octave in contrast to an heptatonic (seven note scale such as the Major scale Unlike traditional rock and roll (which takes elements of the "old" blues), hard rock incorporates elements of "British blues", a style of blues played with more modern instruments such as electric guitars, drums, keyboards and electric bass. A British blue is also a type of cat The British blues is a type of Blues music that originated in the late 1950s A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. A notable departure from traditional blues forms is that hard rock is seldom restricted to the I, IV, and V chords prevalent in twelve or sixteen bar blues, but includes other chords, typically major chords rooted on tones of the minor scale. This article describes musical chords in traditional Western styles The sixteen bar blues can be a variation on an Eight bar blues or the more standard Twelve bar blues. In Music theory, a major chord ( is a chord having a root, a Major third, and a Perfect fifth. Minor Scale was a test conducted by the United States Defense Nuclear Agency (now part of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency) involving the detonation

The term "hard rock" is often applied to many styles of rock music, their only common feature being that they deviate from pop rock, though this is generally incorrect. Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Two such examples are punk rock and grunge. Punk rock uses a faster tempo, less melody, fewer riffs (often using power chords), more aggression and anti-establishment lyrics. In Music, a power chord (also fifth chord) is a note plus the note a fifth above usually played on Electric guitar.

Instrumentation

The predominant instruments in hard rock are the electric guitar, bass guitar, and drums. The role of the guitarist is very prevalent in hard rock. A guitarist is a Musician who plays the Guitar. Guitarists may perform solo pieces or play with ensembles and bands of a wide variety of genres Most hard rock bands comprise two different types of guitarist: lead guitarist and rhythm guitarist. Lead guitar refers to the use of a Guitar to perform Melody lines instrumental fill passages, and Guitar solos within a song structure Rhythm guitar is the use of a Guitar to provide Rhythmic chordal Accompaniment for a singer or other instruments in a Musical ensemble The lead guitarist plays the solos, riffs and fills. Guitar solos are a melodic passage section or entire piece of music written for an Electric guitar or an Acoustic guitar. In Music, a riff is an Ostinato figure a repeated Chord progression, pattern refrain or melodic figure, often played by the Rhythm In Popular music, a fill is a shortened musical passage Riff, or rhythmic sound which helps to sustain the listener's attention during a break between the phrases Speed-enhancing techniques such as alternate picking, sweep picking and tapping, are used by hard rock lead guitarists to maximize the speed of their solos and riffs. Alternate picking is a Guitar playing technique used only by pick users that employs strictly alternating downward and upward picking strokes in a continuous run Sweep picking is a technique used on the Guitar in which a 'sweeping' motion of the pick is combined with a matching fret hand technique in order to produce a specific Tapping is a playing technique generally associated with the Electric guitar, although the technique may be performed on almost any String instrument. The role of the rhythm guitarist is to complement the lead guitarist and provide rhythmic and harmonic accompaniment to the other instruments in the band. The bass guitarist and drummer's role are important to the structure of hard rock music; the bassline outlines the melody of the music while the drums sustain the rhythm of the music. A bass player (bassist is a Musician who plays a Double bass, Bass guitar, keyboard bass or wind A drummer is a Musician who plays a Drum or drums particularly a Drum kit ("drum set" or "trap set" Marching percussion A bassline (also spelled bass line) is the term used in many styles of Popular music, such as jazz blues funk and electronic Music for the low-pitched

Differentiation from heavy metal

During the 1970s, hard rock inspired a new genre of music known as "heavy metal. " The emergence of this style has led to confusion between hard rock and heavy metal bands, as the distinctions between the two are usually subtle, and the distinction often comes down to a band's image, rather than its songs. The two genres have some crossovers, for example; heavy metal pioneers - such as Black Sabbath, Led Zeppelin and Deep Purple - are often considered both heavy metal and hard rock, whereas bands such as AC/DC, The Who and Van Halen are normally referred to strictly as hard rock. Crossover is a term applied to Musical works or performers appearing on two or more of the Record charts which track differing musical tastes or genres Black Sabbath are an Led Zeppelin were Deep Purple are an English rock band formed in Hertfordshire in 1968 AC/DC are an Australian Hard rock band formed in Sydney, Australia in 1973 by brothers Angus and Malcolm Young. The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978

To further the confusion, the most popular heavy metal subgenre of the 1980s, glam metal, was known to take influence from hard rock acts such as Alice Cooper, Queen, Aerosmith and Kiss. Glam metal (also known as pop metal) is a sub-genre of Heavy metal music that arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer songwriter and musician whose career spans five Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Aerosmith is an American Hard rock band sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston " and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band" Kiss (also typeset as KISS) is an American rock band formed in New York City in December 1972

From a musical point of view, heavy metal tends to interpret the basic syncopated jazz rhythm of an eight and two sixteenth carried on a ride cymbal with a swing feel down to the bass line with a literal "straight up" feel. Heavy metal also has a stronger beat and the singer usually screams. Thus the "dum da da dum da da dum" bass line is a standard basis for the heavy metal sound as heard, for example, in Black Sabbath's song "Heaven and Hell" during the verses, or in Iron Maiden's song "Flight of Icarus", or also Dio's "Holy Diver". Black Sabbath are an Heaven and Hell is the ninth studio album by Black Sabbath, released in 1980 For other uses see Iron maiden. " Flight of Icarus " is a 1983 Song by Iron Maiden. It is the band's eighth single and the first from the Piece of Mind Dio is an American heavy metal band led by Vocalist Ronnie James Dio, who formed it in 1982 after leaving Black Sabbath. " Holy Diver " is the first single released by Heavy metal band Dio, appearing on their 1983 LP Holy Diver. Another good example is to listen to the difference between how the song "Helter Skelter" is played by the original writers, The Beatles, and the interpretation as played by Mötley Crüe. " Helter Skelter " is a song written by Paul McCartney, credited to Lennon/McCartney, and recorded by The Beatles on The White Album The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Mötley Crüe ( IPA pronunciation: /'mɒtliː

The primary difference between glam metal and heavy metal is in lyrics, image and melody. Glam metal (also known as pop metal) is a sub-genre of Heavy metal music that arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. Heavy metal lyrical content extends from "reality lament" tone of blues, discussing serious, provocative or philosophical ideas. Heavy metal image usually sports "macho" black leather, dark clothing or punk-influenced dressing with leather jackets and jeans. Melodies and the whole music in general are generally not "catchy" and pop-influenced as glam metal. Glam metal (in some cases referred to as "hair metal"), on the other hand, extends from its more "fantasy escapist" tones of pop music, and the lyrics tends to focus more on parties, having a good time, and relationships. The image of these bands are huge, teased hairstyles, outrageous outfits and a lot of make up. (Note: do not confuse with power metal, which is "fantasy escapist" in the sense that the lyrics deal with such fantastical subjects as magic and classical myth). Power metal is a style of Heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional metal with Thrash metal or Speed metal, often within

History

Early years (1960s)

As stated, one of the major influences of hard rock is blues music, especially British blues. British rock bands, such as Cream, The Rolling Stones, The Beatles, The Yardbirds, The Who and The Kinks modified rock and roll, adding to the standard genre harder sounds, heavier guitar riffs, bombastic drumming and louder vocals. Cream were a 1960s British rock band The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 The Yardbirds are an English rock band noted for starting the careers of three of rock's most famous Guitarists Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend The Kinks were an English pop and rock group formed in 1963 and categorised in the US as a British Invasion band This sound created the basis for hard rock. Early forms of hard rock can be heard in the songs "You Really Got Me" by The Kinks, "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago" by The Yardbirds, "I Can See for Miles" by The Who, and "Revolution" and "Helter Skelter" by The Beatles. " You Really Got Me " is a rock Song written by Ray Davies and performed by his band The Kinks. "Happenings Ten Years Time Ago" was the first single by the British rock band The Yardbirds to feature future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page The Yardbirds are an English rock band noted for starting the careers of three of rock's most famous Guitarists Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck " I Can See for Miles " is a song written by Pete Townshend of The Who, recorded for the band's 1967 album The Who Sell Out. " Revolution " is a song by The Beatles, written by John Lennon and attributed to Lennon/McCartney. " Helter Skelter " is a song written by Paul McCartney, credited to Lennon/McCartney, and recorded by The Beatles on The White Album

At the same time, Jimi Hendrix, produced a form of blues-influenced psychedelic rock, which combined elements of jazz, blues and rock and roll, creating a unique genre. James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States He was one of the first guitarists to experiment with new guitar effect like phasing, feedback and distortion, along with Dave Davies of the Kinks, Pete Townshend of The Who, Eric Clapton of Cream, and Jeff Beck of the Yardbirds. A phaser is an Audio signal processing technique used to filter a signal by creating a series of peaks and troughs in the frequency spectrum Audio Feedback (also known as the Larsen effect after the Danish scientist Søren Larsen who first discovered its principles is a special kind of Feedback A distortion is the alteration of the original shape (or other characteristic of an object image sound waveform or other form of information or representation This is about the English musician for others see Dave Davies (disambiguation. Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945 in Chiswick, London) is an English rock Guitarist, Singer, Eric Patrick Clapton, CBE (born 30 March 1945 is an English Blues-rock Guitarist, singer Songwriter and Composer Geoffrey Arnold "Jeff" Beck (born June 24, 1944 to Arnold and Ethel Beck in Wallington, England) is an English

Hard rock emerged with British groups of the late-1960s, such as Black Sabbath and Led Zeppelin, who mixed the music of early British rock bands with a more hard-edged form of blues rock and acid rock. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock For "acid rock" as a geologic term see Igneous rock. Acid rock is a form of Psychedelic rock, which is characterized Deep Purple helped pioneer the hard rock genre with the albums Shades of Deep Purple (1968), The Book of Taliesyn (1968), and Deep Purple (1969), but they made their big break with their fourth album, Deep Purple in Rock (1970). Shades of Deep Purple is the debut album by English Hard rock band Deep Purple, released in 1968 on Parlophone in the UK and The Book of Taliesyn is the second album by English rock band Deep Purple, released in 1968 by Tetragrammaton in the US and by EMI's Harvest Deep Purple is the third studio Album by English Hard rock band Deep Purple, released in 1969 on Harvest Records Deep Purple in Rock (also known as In Rock) is an album by English rock band Deep Purple, released in June 1970 Led Zeppelin's eponymous first album, Led Zeppelin I (1969), and The Who's Live at Leeds (1970), are examples of music from the beginning of the hard rock genre. Led Zeppelin is the debut album by English rock band Led Zeppelin. Live at Leeds (1970 is The Who 's first Live album, and is their only live album that was released while the band was still recording and performing The blues origins of the albums are clear, and a few songs by well-known blues artists are adapted or covered within them.

First era (1970s)

Led Zeppelin's third album, Led Zeppelin III was more Folk rock-oriented than their second, but the heavy aspects of their music remained. Led Zeppelin III is the third album by English rock band Led Zeppelin. Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. In 1970, Black Sabbath released what is considered the first heavy metal album, Black Sabbath. Black Sabbath is the self-titled debut album by the British heavy metal band Black Sabbath. Black Sabbath's music was revolutionary even in hard rock; it was typified by dark lyrics, hard riffs and a heavy atmosphere, transforming the current hard rock into to an early form of heavy metal.

Deep Purple's transformation of hard rock continued with their album, Machine Head, considered (along with Black Sabbath) as one of the first heavy metal albums. Machine Head is the sixth Deep Purple studio album It was recorded at the Grand Hotel Montreux Switzerland in December 1971 with the Rolling Stones Two songs in Machine Head had great success: "Highway Star", which is considered the first speed metal song, and "Smoke On The Water", whose main riff made it become the signature Deep Purple song. " Highway Star " is one of British rock group Deep Purple 's most famous songs " Smoke on the Water " is a song by the British Hard rock band Deep Purple. Another band, Nazareth, provided a blend of hard rock which commercialised the genre further with their best selling album, Hair of the Dog, which in turn, influenced numerous other bands. Nazareth are a Scottish rock band that had several Hard rock hits, as well as scoring with the Felice and Boudleaux Bryant -penned Ballad "Hair of the Dog" was the 6th studio album by album by the Scottish rock band Nazareth, released in 1975

During the 1970s, hard rock developed a variety of sub-genres. In 1972, heavy metal pioneer Alice Cooper put shock rock into the mainstream with the top ten album School's Out. Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer songwriter and musician whose career spans five Shock rock is a wide umbrella term for artists who combine Rock music with elements of theatrical Shock value in live performances School's Out is an album released by Alice Cooper in 1972 The album's title track has remained a staple song in Alice Cooper's live setlist and receives regular The following year, Aerosmith, Queen and Montrose released their eponymous debut albums, demonstrating the broadening directions of hard rock. Aerosmith is an American Hard rock band sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston " and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band" Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Montrose was a Californian Hard rock band The band featured Ronnie Montrose on Guitar and future solo star and Van Halen member Sammy Hagar In 1974, Bad Company released its debut album, Rush released their first, self entitled album and Queen released its third album, Sheer Heart Attack, with the track Stone Cold Crazy influencing later thrash metal artists, such as Metallica and Megadeth. Bad Company are an English Blues rock supergroup founded in 1973 consisting of band members from Free ( Paul Rodgers, Simon Rush is a Canadian rock band originally formed in August 1968 in the Willowdale neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, currently comprised of For the Queen song of the same name see News of the World (album. " Stone Cold Crazy " is a song by English rock band Queen from their successful 1974 album Sheer Heart Attack. Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Megadeth is an American heavy metal band led by founder front man guitarist and songwriter Dave Mustaine. ^[1][2] Queen used layered vocals and guitars and mixed hard rock with glam rock, heavy metal, progressive rock, and even opera. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto KISS released their first three albums Kiss, Hotter Than Hell and Dressed To Kill, in a little over a year, achieving their commercial breakthrough with double live album Alive!. Kiss (also typeset as KISS) is an American rock band formed in New York City in December 1972 Kiss is the self-titled debut album from the American Hard rock band Kiss. Hotter Than Hell (1974 is the second Album from the rock group Kiss. Alive! was Kiss ' fourth album and is considered their breakthrough as well as a landmark for live albums. In the mid-1970s, Aerosmith released the ground-breaking Toys in the Attic and Rocks which incorporated elements of blues and hard rock and would later influence rock artists as diverse as Metallica, Guns N' Roses, and Mötley Crüe. Toys in the Attic is the third album by American Hard rock band Aerosmith. Rocks is the fourth Album by American hard rock band Aerosmith, released in 1976 Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Guns N' Roses is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1985 Mötley Crüe ( IPA pronunciation: /'mɒtliː ^[3][4]

With the death of Tommy Bolin in 1976, Deep Purple disbanded. Thomas Richard 'Tommy' Bolin ( August 1, 1951, Sioux City Iowa - December 4, 1976) was an American-born Guitarist best In 1976, Boston released a highly successful debut album. Boston is an American rock band from Boston Massachusetts that achieved its most notable successes during the 1970s and 1980s Heart paved the way for women in the genre with the release of their debut album. Heart is a rock band whose founding members came from the Seattle, Washington, scene but came together in Vancouver, British Columbia In 1978, The Who's drummer, Keith Moon died in his sleep via an overdose. Keith John Moon ( August 23, 1946 &ndash September 7, 1978) was the Drummer of the rock group The Who. With the rise of disco in the U. Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define S. and punk rock in the UK, hard rock began to lose popularity. Disco appealed to a more diverse group of people and punk seemed to take over the rebellious role that hard rock once held. Meanwhile, Black Sabbath moved away from the darkness of their early work with albums such as Technical Ecstasy. Technical Ecstasy is a 1976 album from heavy metal band Black Sabbath.

Van Halen, another important group in hard rock, emerged in 1978. Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 Their music was based mostly on the guitar skills of Eddie Van Halen, the lead guitarist, who introduced a smart technique called tapping in guitar playing. Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer Tapping is a playing technique generally associated with the Electric guitar, although the technique may be performed on almost any String instrument. The song "Eruption" from the album Van Halen, demonstrated Eddie Van Halen's technique and was very influential. " Eruption " is an instrumental by Van Halen from their first album Van Halen. Van Halen is the self-titled debut Album by American Hard rock band Van Halen, released in 1978.

In 1979, the differences between the hard rock movement and the rising heavy metal movement were highlighted when the Australian hard rock band, AC/DC, released its second-biggest album, Highway to Hell. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. AC/DC are an Australian Hard rock band formed in Sydney, Australia in 1973 by brothers Angus and Malcolm Young. Highway to Hell is the sixth studio Album by Australian Hard rock band AC/DC, released in July 1979 AC/DC's music was based mostly on rhythm & blues and early-1970s hard rock, with the group explicitly repudiating the "heavy metal" tag.

Second era (1980s)

In 1980, Led Zeppelin disbanded after the sudden death of drummer John Bonham. Led Zeppelin were John Henry "Bonzo" Bonham (May 31 1948 – September 25 1980 was an English Drummer and member of the band Led Zeppelin. Bon Scott, the lead singer of AC/DC, also died in 1980. Ronald Belford "Bon" Scott (9 July 1946 – 19 February 1980 was an Australian rock musician most well-known for being the lead singer and Lyricist With these deaths, the first wave of "classic" hard rock bands ended. Some bands, such as Queen, moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock. AC/DC recorded the album Back in Black, with their new lead singer, Brian Johnson. Back in Black is the 7th Studio album by Australian Hard rock band AC/DC, released on 25 July 1980 Brian Johnson (born October 5 1947) is an English Singer and Songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist for the Australian Back in Black is the fifth highest-selling album of all time in the U. S^[5] and the second largest selling album in the world. Ozzy Osbourne released his first solo album, Blizzard of Ozz which featured American guitarist Randy Rhoads. John Michael "Ozzy" Osbourne (born December 3 1948) is a British singer Blizzard of Ozz is a heavy metal album by Ozzy Osbourne, recorded in Surrey U Randall William "Randy" Rhoads ( December 6, 1956 – March 19, 1982) was an American Heavy metal Guitarist

In 1981, the U. S. band, Mötley Crüe, released Too Fast for Love, which started an interest in the glam metal style. Mötley Crüe ( IPA pronunciation: /'mɒtliː Too Fast for Love is the debut album of American Glam metal band Mötley Crüe. Glam metal (also known as pop metal) is a sub-genre of Heavy metal music that arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. A year later, the style grew, led by bands such as Twisted Sister and Quiet Riot. Twisted Sister is an American heavy metal band from New York City. Quiet Riot was an American heavy metal band whose 1983 & 1984 success contributed to launching the 1980s Glam

Also in 1983, Def Leppard, an English hard rock band, released the album Pyromania, which reached #2 on the American charts. Pyromania is the third Studio album by British Hard rock band Def Leppard, released in 1983 Their music was a mix of glam rock and heavy metal which influenced many 1980s hard rock and glam rock bands.

That same year, Mötley Crüe released the album, Shout at the Devil, which became a huge hit. Shout at the Devil is the second Album by Glam metal band Mötley Crüe, released on September 26, 1983. Van Halen's album 1984 became a huge success as well, hitting #2 on the Billboard album charts. Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 1984 (written as MCMLXXXIV on the front cover is the sixth Album by American Hard rock band Van Halen. In particular, the song "Jump" reached #1 on the singles chart (where it remained for several weeks) and is considered one of the most popular rock songs ever written. " Jump " is a song recorded by the rock group Van Halen. However, 1984 was also their first to include the constant and repetitive use of keyboards and synthesizers, marking a shift away from their original guitar-orientated style. It must be noted however, that the synthesizer was only used on two songs (Jump and I'll Wait), as well as the short title track 1984. The future five albums (albeit with different lead singers) would see 2-6 songs including keyboards, while still keeping the same keen focus on their legendary guitar.

The late 1980s saw the most commercially successful time period for hard rock. ^[6] Numerous hard rock acts achieved hits in the mainstream charts. One of those hits was the album Slippery When Wet (1986) by Bon Jovi, which spent a total of 8 weeks at the top of the Billboard 200 album chart and became the first hard rock album to spawn three Top 10 singles, two of which reached #1. Slippery When Wet, recorded in Vancouver, Canada, is the third Studio album by Bon Jovi, released on August 18, Bon Jovi is an American Hard rock band from Sayreville New Jersey. The Billboard 200 is a ranking of the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard In addition, the popular song The Final Countdown by Swedish rock group Europe was released in 1986 and reached #1 on 26 countries' charts. " The Final Countdown " is a rock song written by Joey Tempest for Europe's third studio album The Final Countdown (1986 "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Europe is a Swedish rock band formed in Upplands Väsby in 1979 under

In 1987, the most notable successes in the charts were, Appetite for Destruction by Guns N' Roses, and Hysteria by Def Leppard (both of which reached #1 on Billboard's album chart), Mötley Crüe's Girls, Girls, Girls and Whitesnake's self-titled album. Appetite for Destruction is the 1987 debut album by Los Angeles -based Hard rock band Guns N' Roses. Guns N' Roses is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1985 Hysteria in its colloquial use describes a state of Mind, one of unmanageable Fear or Emotional excesses For similarly-titled works see Girls Girls Girls. Girls Girls Girls is the fourth studio Album, released on May Whitesnake are an English Hard rock band founded in 1977 by David Coverdale (formerly of Deep Purple) Whitesnake (also known as Serpens Albus in Japan and 1987 in the UK and Europe is the eighth studio album by British Hard In 1988 and 1989, the most notable successes were New Jersey by Bon Jovi, Pump by Aerosmith, and Dr. Feelgood by Mötley Crüe. New Jersey is Bon Jovi 's fourth album released on September 13 1988 Bon Jovi is an American Hard rock band from Sayreville New Jersey. Pump is the tenth studio Album by American Hard rock band Aerosmith, released in 1989 Aerosmith is an American Hard rock band sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston " and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band" Dr Feelgood is the fifth album by Glam metal band Mötley Crüe, released on September 1, 1989. Mötley Crüe ( IPA pronunciation: /'mɒtliː New Jersey spawned five Top 10 singles, the most ever for a hard rock album. Dinosaur Jr and Sonic Youth achieved underground success in the U. Sonic Youth is an American Alternative rock band formed in New York City in 1981 S. , and would later reach the mainstream in the 1990s. In 1988, Skid Row formed. Their first album, Skid Row, was released in 1989, reaching number 6 in the Billboard 200. Skid Row is the debut album from the American heavy metal band Skid Row, released on January 24, 1989.

Third era (1990s-present)

The early 1990s were at first dominated by Guns N' Roses, Metallica and Van Halen. Guns N' Roses is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1985 Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 The multi-platinum releases of Metallica's "Metallica" (often referred to as "The Black Album"), Guns N' Roses' Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II and Van Halen's For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge in 1991 showcased this popularity. Metallica (also known as The Black Album) is the self-titled 5th studio Album by the American heavy metal band Use Your Illusion I is the third studio album by Hard rock band Guns N' Roses. Use Your Illusion II is the fourth studio album by Hard rock band Guns N' Roses. For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge (also known as FUCK) is the ninth Album by the American Hard rock band But the popularity of such bands waned, as their music and attitudes became more decadent and self-indulgent. In 1991 a new form of hard rock broke into the mainstream.

Grunge combined elements of hardcore punk and heavy metal into a dirty sound that made use of heavy guitar distortion, fuzz and feedback. Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s Although most grunge bands had a sound that sharply contrasted mainstream hard rock (for example Nirvana, Alice in Chains, Mudhoney and L7), a minority (for example Pearl Jam, Mother Love Bone, Temple of the Dog and even Soundgarden) were more strongly influenced by much 1970s and 1980s rock and metal. Nirvana was an American rock band that was formed by singer/guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen Washington. Mudhoney is an American Grunge band Formed in Seattle Washington in 1988 following the demise of Green River, Mudhoney has for the most of its recording L7 (pronounced /ɛl ˈsɛvən/ was a band from Los Angeles that was active from 1985 to 2000 Pearl Jam is an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1990 Mother Love Bone was an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1988 Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1990 However, all grunge bands shunned the macho, anthemic and fashion-focused style of hard rock at that time.

In the UK, bands like Swervedriver, Catherine Wheel and Ride demonstrated that guitar heroics could be incorporated into songs that lacked the often-misogynistic content of 1970s and 1980s hard rock bands. Swervedriver is an English Alternative rock band from Oxford. Catherine Wheel were a four-piece Alternative rock band from Great Yarmouth, England. Ride were a British Shoegazing band The band formed in 1988 in Oxford, England, and officially broke up in 1996 As the popularity of artists such as Metallica and Van Halen continued from the 1980s into the 1990s, some other bands had begun to fuse metal with a range of eclectic influences. These bands came to be known as alternative metal artists, a subset of alternative rock. Alternative metal is an eclectic form of Heavy metal music that gained popularity in the early 1990s alongside grunge. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Some, such as Primus, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Rage Against the Machine, Living Colour and White Zombie fused funk with metal styles, though most of these bands actually formed in the '80s. Primus is an American rock band currently composed of singer and bassist Les Claypool, guitarist Larry "Ler" LaLonde, and Red Hot Chili Peppers are Rage Against the Machine (sometimes shortened to RATM or Rage) is Living Colour is an American Funk metal band from New York City, formed in 1983 For the film see White Zombie (film White Zombie was an American Heavy metal band named after the 1932 film of the same Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul Faith No More/Mr. Bungle fused many genres with hard rock, ranging from rap music to soul. Faith No More was an American Alternative metal band that formed in San Francisco, California from 1982 to 1998 Mr Bungle was an Experimental rock / Avant-garde metal group from Northern California. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Helmet and The Afghan Whigs were also successful experimental hard rock bands. Helmet is an American Post-hardcore / Alternative metal band formed in New York City by Page Hamilton (vocals/guitar with The Afghan Whigs were a soul -influenced American rock band from Cincinnati, Ohio. The Darkness's retro glam-metal influences helped propel them to the upper realms of the charts in the early 2000s, with the likes of Wolfmother. The Darkness were a multi- BRIT Award -winning British Hard rock / Glam rock band Towards the mid 2000s with new bands started to become mainstream, Jet, Wolfmother, White Stripes, The Answer, The Glitterati, The Datsuns, Nineteenth Century and Punk influence Towers of London are some of the new rock bands which followed up from the Garage rock revival. Jet is a rock band from Melbourne, Australia, whose debut album Get Born, released in 2003 has so far sold over one million copies The White Stripes is an American Garage rock band, formed in 1997 in Detroit, Michigan. The Answer are a Hard rock and Blues rock band from Newcastle and Downpatrick, County Down, Northern Ireland. The Glitterati are a Hard rock band from Leeds, primarily based in London, England The Datsuns are a Hard rock / Garage punk band from Cambridge, New Zealand, formed in 2000. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Towers of London are a Punk rock band from London England who formed in 2004

The biggest major hard rock bands of recent years however, have been supergroups Velvet Revolver and Audioslave. SuperGroup is a Reality show on the channel VH1. The show puts together five Heavy metal musicians packed into a large mansion that must play a show after Velvet Revolver is a Hard rock supergroup consisting of former Guns N' Roses members Slash, Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum Audioslave was an American Hard rock supergroup that formed in Los Angeles California in 2001 Audioslave consisted of Rage Against the Machine instrumentalists and former Soundgarden frontman Chris Cornell and was disbanded in 2007. Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle on July 20, 1964) is an American rock musician best known as the Lead singer Velvet Revolver is made up of ex-members of Guns N' Roses primarily, with vocalist Scott Weiland formerly of the Stone Temple Pilots, and the musicians have updated the sound of hard rock. Guns N' Roses is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1985 Scott Weiland (born Scott Richard Kline on October 27, 1967) is an American Musician, lyricist and Vocalist, most Stone Temple Pilots (commonly referred to as " STP " is a Grammy Award -winning American rock band consisting of Scott Weiland This has helped revive the glam metal scene (e. Glam metal (also known as pop metal) is a sub-genre of Heavy metal music that arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. g. bands like Buckcherry, which Guns N' Roses Appetite for Destruction album is often credited with influencing). Buckcherry is a Grammy -nominated Los Angeles California Hard rock band formed in 1995. The 00's even saw reunions and subsequent tours from Rage Against the Machine, Stone Temple Pilots, and Living Colour, in addition to Van Halen and Black Sabbath and even a one off performance by the legendary Led Zeppelin renewing the interest in the seemingly bygone previous eras. Rage Against the Machine (sometimes shortened to RATM or Rage) is Stone Temple Pilots (commonly referred to as " STP " is a Grammy Award -winning American rock band consisting of Scott Weiland Living Colour is an American Funk metal band from New York City, formed in 1983 Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 Black Sabbath are an Led Zeppelin were

Tool and Deftones need to be included in here.

See also

• List of hard rock musicians
• Timeline of hard rock/heavy metal

References

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