| Sir Hans Sloane 1st Baronet |
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 Sir Hans Sloane
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| Born | 16 April 1660 Killyleagh, County Down, Ireland |
|---|---|
| Died | 11 January 1753 (aged 92) Chelsea, London, England |
| Burial place | Chelsea Old Church |
| Occupation | Physician, Philanthropist |
| Spouse | Elisabeth (née Langley) |
| Children | 2 daughters |
Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet, PRS (16 April 1660 – 11 January 1753) was an Ulster-Scot physician and collector, notable for bequeathing his collection to the British nation which became the foundation of the British Museum. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Killyleagh (kɪliˈleɪ ( Cill Uí Laoigh in Irish, meaning "Church of the descendants of the hero" is a large Village County Down, ( Ulster Scots: Coontie Doun. is one of the nine counties that form the province of Ulster and one of six counties that form Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1753 ( MDCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Chelsea is an area of south-west London, England, bounded to the south by the River Thames, where its frontage runs from Chelsea Bridge along England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health Philanthropy is the act of donating money goods services time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause with a defined objective and with no financial or material The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1753 ( MDCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Ulster Scots, also known as Ullans, Hiberno-Scots, or Scots-Irish, refers to the variety of Scots (sometimes referred to as A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. He also invented milk chocolate and gave his name to Sloane Square in London. Chocolate is a name given to products that are derived from Cacao which are then mixed with some sort of fat (e Sloane Square is a small hard-landscaped square on the boundaries of the fashionable London districts of Knightsbridge, Belgravia and Chelsea
Contents |
Biography
Early life
Hans Sloane was born on 16 April 1660 at Killyleagh in County Down, Ireland. Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Killyleagh (kɪliˈleɪ ( Cill Uí Laoigh in Irish, meaning "Church of the descendants of the hero" is a large Village County Down, ( Ulster Scots: Coontie Doun. is one of the nine counties that form the province of Ulster and one of six counties that form Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world His father was the head of a Scottish colony sent over by James I. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. James I ( December 10, 1394 &ndash February 21, 1437) was nominal King of Scots from April 4, 1406, and His father died when he was six years old.
As a youth he collected objects of natural history and other curiosities. This led him to the study of medicine, which he went to London to pursue, directing his attention to botany, materia medica, and pharmacy. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. His collecting propensities made him useful to John Ray and Robert Boyle. John Ray ( November 29, 1627 &ndash January 17, 1705) was an English naturalist, sometimes referred to as the Robert Boyle was a Natural philosopher, chemist physicist inventor and early Gentleman scientist, noted for his work in Physics and Chemistry After four years in London he travelled through France, spending some time at Paris and Montpellier, and taking his M. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Montpellier ( Occitan Montpelhièr) is a City in the south of France. D. degree at the University of Orange in 1683. He returned to London with a considerable collection of plants and other curiosities, of which the former were sent to Ray and utilized by him for his History of Plants.
Sloane was quickly elected into the Royal Society, and at the same time he attracted the notice of Thomas Sydenham, who gave him valuable introductions to practice. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Thomas Sydenham (or Syndenham ( September 10, 1624 &ndash December 29, 1689) was an English Physician. In 1687, he became fellow of the College of Physicians, and went to Jamaica the same year as physician in the suite of the Duke of Albemarle. Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. The Dukedom of Albemarle has been created twice in the Peerage of England, each time ending in extinction The duke died soon after landing, and Sloane's visit lasted only fifteen months; during that time he noted about 800 new species of plants, the island being virgin ground to the botanist. Of these he published an elaborate catalogue in Latin in 1696; and at a later date (1707–1725) he made the experiences of his visit the subject of two folio volumes. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1725 ( MDCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a He became secretary to the Royal Society in 1693, and edited the Philosophical Transactions for twenty years. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, or Phil Trans
Married Elisabeth Langley [1]and had three daughters, Mary, Sarah and Elizabeth [2]. They also had one son, Hans . Of the four children only Sarah and Elizabeth survived infancy. Sarah married George Stanley of Paultons and Elizabeth the future Second Baron Cadogan. [3]
Chocolate beverage
Sloane discovered cocoa while he was in Jamaica, where the locals drank it mixed with water, and he is reported to have found it nauseating. [4] However, he devised a means of mixing it with milk to make it more pleasant. When he returned to England, he brought his chocolate recipe back with him. Initially, it was manufactured and sold by apothecaries as a medicine; though, by the nineteenth century, the Cadbury Brothers sold tins of Sloane's drinking chocolate. George Cadbury ( 19 September 1839 &ndash 24 October 1922) was the third son of Quaker John Cadbury, who founded Cadbury's
Physician
His practice as a physician among the upper classes was large, fashionable and lucrative. He served three successive sovereigns, Queen Anne, George I and George II. Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714 became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 succeeding William III of England and II of George I (George Louis German Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 &ndash 11 June 1727 For the first year of his life George was the only heir to his father's and three childless George II (George Augustus 10 November 1683 &ndash 25 October 1760 was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( In the pamphlets written concerning the sale by Dr William Cockburn (1669–1739) of his secret remedy for dysentery and other fluxes, it was stated for the defence that Sloane himself did not disdain the same kind of professional conduct; and some colour is given to that charge by the fact that his only medical publication, an Account of a Medicine for Soreness, Weakness and other Distempers of the Eyes (London, 1745) was not given to the world until its author was in his eighty-fifth year and had retired from practice. Year 1739 ( MDCCXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
In 1716, Sloane was created a baronet, the first medical practitioner to receive an hereditary title, and in 1719 he became president of the Royal College of Physicians, holding the office sixteen years. Year 1716 ( MDCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1719 ( MDCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Royal College of Physicians of London was the first medical institution in England to receive a Royal Charter In 1722, he was appointed physician-general to the army, and in 1727 first physician to George II. Year 1722 ( MDCCXXII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1727 ( MDCCXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common George II (George Augustus 10 November 1683 &ndash 25 October 1760 was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( In 1727 also he succeeded Sir Isaac Newton as president of the Royal Society; he retired from it at the age of eighty. Sir Isaac Newton, FRS (ˈnjuːtən 4 January 1643 31 March 1727) Biography Early years See also Isaac Newton's early life and achievements The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 He was a founding governor of London's Foundling Hospital, the nation's first institution to care for abandoned children. The Foundling Hospital in London, England was founded in 1739 by the philanthropic sea captain Thomas Coram. Child abandonment is the practice of abandoning offspring outside of legal Adoption.
Investments
Sloane's fame is based on his judicious investments rather than what he contributed to the subject of natural science or even of his own profession. His purchase of the manor of Chelsea, London in 1712, provided the grounds for the Chelsea Physic Garden as well as perpetuating his memory in the name of a "place," a street, and a square. Chelsea is an area of south-west London, England, bounded to the south by the River Thames, where its frontage runs from Chelsea Bridge along Year 1712 ( MDCCXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap The Chelsea Physic Garden was established as the Apothecaries’ Garden in London, England in 1673 His great stroke as a collector was to acquire (by bequest, conditional on paying of certain debts) in 1701 the cabinet of William Courten, who had made collecting the business of his life. Sir William Courten or Curteen (1572-1636 was a wealthy seventeenth century merchant operating from London.
The British Museum
When Sloane retired in 1741, his library and cabinet of curiosities, which he took with him from Bloomsbury to his house in Chelsea, had grown to be of unique value. Year 1741 ( MDCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Bloomsbury is an area of central London in the south of the London Borough of Camden, developed by the Russell family in the 17th and 18th centuries into He had acquired the extensive natural history collections of William Courten, Cardinal Filippo Antonio Gualterio, James Petiver, Nehemiah Grew, Leonard Plukenet, the Duchess of Beaufort, the rev. Sir William Courten or Curteen (1572-1636 was a wealthy seventeenth century merchant operating from London. Filippo Antonio Gualterio may refer to Filippo Antonio Gualterio (cardinal (1660&ndash1728 papal nuncio to France see Papal conclave 1721 James Petiver (1663-1718 was a London Apothecary, a Fellow of the Royal Society as well as London's informal Temple Coffee House Botany Club famous for his study Nehemiah Grew (September 1641 - March 25, 1712) was an English Vegetable anatomist and Physiologist. Leonard Plukenet (1641-1706 was an English botanist Royal Professor of Botany and gardener to Queen Mary. Adam Buddle, Paul Hermann, Franz Kiggelaer and Herman Boerhaave. Adam Buddle (1662 - 1715 was an English Cleric and Botanist. Born at Deeping St James, a small village near Peterborough, he was educated at Paul Hermann (1646—1695 German born botanist that made the Leiden Botanical Garden in Holland famous Franz Kiggelaer (1648-1722 was a Dutch botanist apothecary and curator of the garden of Simon van Beaumont in Leiden. Herman Boerhaave ( Voorhout, December 31, 1668 - Leiden, September 23, 1738) was a Dutch botanist humanist On his death on 11 January 1753 he bequeathed his books, manuscripts, prints, drawings, flora, fauna, medals, coins, seals, cameos and other curiosities to the nation, on condition that parliament should pay to his executors £20,000, which was a good deal less than the value of the collection. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1753 ( MDCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The bequest was accepted on those terms by an act passed the same year, and the collection, together with George II's royal library, etc. George II (George Augustus 10 November 1683 &ndash 25 October 1760 was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( , was opened to the public at Bloomsbury as the British Museum in 1759. The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year A significant proportion of this collection was later to become the foundation for the Natural History Museum. The Natural History Museum is one of three large Museums on Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London (the others are the Science Museum
Among his other acts of munificence may be mentioned his gift to the Apothecaries' Company of the botanical or physic garden, which they had rented from the Chelsea estate since 1673.
Sloane Square and Sloane Gardens in the borough of Chelsea and Kensington are named after Sir Hans as is the moth Urania sloanus
Burial
Was buried on 18 January 1753 [5] at Chelsea Old Church with the following memorial:-
"In memory of Sir Hans Sloane, Bart, Preseident of the Royal Society and of the Collage of Physicians, who died in the year of our Lord 1752, the ninety-second year of his age, without least pain of body, and with a conscious serenity of mind eniled a virtuous and bebeficient life. Sloane Square is a small hard-landscaped square on the boundaries of the fashionable London districts of Knightsbridge, Belgravia and Chelsea Sloan's Urania ( Urania sloanus) was a Moth of the Uraniidae family last reported in 1894 or 1895 Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 1753 ( MDCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year This monument was erected by his two daughters, Elizabeth Cadogan and Sarah Stanley"
His grave is shared with his wife Elisabeth [6] who died some years ealier.
See also
References
- ^ Was the widow of Fulke Rose of Jamaica. The Natural History Museum is one of three large Museums on Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London (the others are the Science Museum The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. The Spalding Gentlemen’s Society is one of the Learned societies of the United Kingdom. Levinus Vincent (1658-1727 was a rich Dutch Damask merchant of Anabaptist origin Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea.
- ^ 1695 – 20 May 1768
- ^ Sir Hans Sloane. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The great collector and his circle, Eric St. John Brooks and Hans Sloane ,1954
- ^ The Sloane Herbarium
- ^ The Life of North American Insects Google books
- ^ died 17 September 1724
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec Year 1724 ( MDCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Weld, History of the Royal Society, i. 450 (London, 1848);
- Chipmunk, Bread Roll of the College of Physicians, 2nd Eddy. , i. 466 (Landon, 8888).
- thePeerage.com Sir Hans Sloane, 1st and last Baronet
- Ford, John M T (2003), “Medical Memorial. Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753).”, Journal of medical biography 11 (3): 180, 2003 Aug, PMID:12870044, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12870044>
- McIntyre, N (2001), “Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753).”, Journal of medical biography 9 (4): 235, 2001 Nov, PMID:11718127, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11718127>
- Dunn, P M (2001), “Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753) and the value of breast milk.”, Arch. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. PMID is an Acronym for PubMed Identifier or more specifically PubMed Unique Identifier which is a unique number assigned to each PubMed Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. PMID is an Acronym for PubMed Identifier or more specifically PubMed Unique Identifier which is a unique number assigned to each PubMed Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 85 (1): F73-4, 2001 Jul, PMID:11420330, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11420330>
- Ravin, J G (2000), “Sir Hans Sloane's contributions to ocular therapy, scientific journalism, and the creation of the British Museum.”, Arch. PMID is an Acronym for PubMed Identifier or more specifically PubMed Unique Identifier which is a unique number assigned to each PubMed 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Ophthalmol. 118 (11): 1567-73, 2000 Nov, PMID:11074814, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11074814>
- Mason, A S (1993), “Hans Sloane and his friends. The FitzPatrick Lecture 1993.”, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 27 (4): 450-5, 1993 Oct, PMID:8289170, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8289170>
- Nelson, E C (1992), “Charles Lucas' letter (1736) to Sir Hans Sloane about the natural history of The Burren, County Clare.”, Journal of the Irish Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons 21 (2): 126-31, 1992 Apr, PMID:11616186, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11616186>
- “Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753) founder of the British Museum.”, JAMA 207 (5): 943, 1969, 1969 Feb 3, PMID:4884737, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4884737>
- Ober, W B (1968), “Sir Hans Sloane, M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.S. (1660-1753) and the British Museum.”, New York state journal of medicine 68 (11): 1422-30, 1968 Jun 1, PMID:4872002, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4872002>
External links
- About Hans Sloane, Natural History Museum, London
- "Index to the Sloane manuscripts in the British Museum", in the British Museum in various formats, at Archive.org
- A Voyage… on Botanicus
- Catalogus Plantarum...on Botanicus
| Baronetage of Great Britain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by New creation |
Baronet (of Chelsea) 1716–1753 |
Succeeded by Title extinct |
| Other offices | ||
| Preceded by Sir Isaac Newton |
President of the Royal Society 1727–1741 |
Succeeded by Martin Folkes |
| Preceded by ' |
President of Royal College of Physicians 1719–1735 |
Succeeded by ' |
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