Hanna-Barbera founders Bill Hanna (left) and Joe Barbera pose with several of the Emmy awards the Hanna-Barbera studio has won. The term privately held company refers to ownership of a business company in two different ways first referring to ownership by non-governmental organizations and second Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. An entrepreneur is a person who has possession over a company enterprise, or Venture, and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome William Denby "Bill" Hanna (July 14 1910 – March 22 2001 was an influential American Animator, director, producer, Joseph Roland "Joe" Barbera (; March 24 1911 – December 18 2006 was an influential American Animator, director, producer Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need A television program (US television programme (UK or television show (U Ownership is the state or fact of exclusive rights and control over Property, which may be an object, land/real estate, Intellectual property The Taft Broadcasting Company, also known as Taft Television and Radio Company Incorporated, was a media conglomerate based in Cincinnati Ohio. The Taft Broadcasting Company, also known as Taft Television and Radio Company Incorporated, was a media conglomerate based in Cincinnati Ohio. Turner Broadcasting System Inc (often abbreviated TBS Networks or TBS Inc William Denby "Bill" Hanna (July 14 1910 – March 22 2001 was an influential American Animator, director, producer, Joseph Roland "Joe" Barbera (; March 24 1911 – December 18 2006 was an influential American Animator, director, producer

Hanna-Barbera was an American animation studio that dominated North American television animation during the second half of the 20th century. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The following list of animation studios presents past and present organizations similar to artists studios but principally dedicated to the production and distribution of The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames The company was originally formed in 1944 by MGM animation directors William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and live-action director George Sidney as H-B Enterprises in order to produce sponsored films and later television commercials. William Denby "Bill" Hanna (July 14 1910 – March 22 2001 was an influential American Animator, director, producer, Joseph Roland "Joe" Barbera (; March 24 1911 – December 18 2006 was an influential American Animator, director, producer George Sidney ( October 4, 1916 - May 5, 2002) was a Jewish American film director and film producer who worked primarily

After MGM shut down its animation studio in 1957, H-B Enterprises became Hanna and Barbera's full-time job, and the company was re-named Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1960. Over the next three decades, Hanna-Barbera Productions produced many successful cartoon shows, including The Huckleberry Hound Show, The Flintstones, Top Cat, The Yogi Bear Show, The Jetsons, Jonny Quest, Scooby-Doo, and The Smurfs, many of which would go on to become icons of Western pop culture. Huckleberry "Huck" Hound is a fictional cartoon character created and produced by Hanna-Barbera, and the star of the 1958 syndicated animated series The Flintstones is an animated American television sitcom that ran from 1960 to 1966 on ABC. Top Cat is a Hanna-Barbera Prime time animated television series which ran from September 27, 1961 to April 18, Yogi Bear is a fictional Anthropomorphic Bear who appears in Animated cartoons created by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The Jetsons is a prime-time animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. Jonny Quest (often referred to as The Adventures of Jonny Quest) is a Science fiction / Adventure animated television series Scooby-Doo is a long-running American animated series produced for Saturday morning television in several different versions from 1969 to the The Smurfs is a American Cartoon series that aired on NBC from 1981 to 1989 Pop icon is a Celebrity whose fame in pop culture constitutes a defining characteristic of a given society or era In the mid-1980s, the company's fortunes declined somewhat after the profitability of Saturday morning cartoons were eclipsed by weekday afternoon syndication. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989.

In 1991, the company was purchased by Turner Broadcasting. Turner Broadcasting System Inc (often abbreviated TBS Networks or TBS Inc Bill Hanna and Joe Barbera both went into semi-retirement, yet continued to serve as ceremonial figureheads for the studio. During the late 1990s, Turner turned Hanna-Barbera towards primarily producing new material for its Cartoon Network, which had been built around reruns from the Hanna-Barbera library. In 1996, Turner was bought out by Time Warner. Time Warner Inc ( is the world's largest media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered in New York City. With Bill Hanna's death in 2001, Hanna-Barbera was absorbed into Warner Bros. Animation, and Cartoon Network Studios assumed production of Cartoon Network output. Warner Bros Animation is the animation division of Warner Bros Cartoon Network Studios is an American Animated cartoon Production company. Joe Barbera remained with Warner Bros. Animation until his death in 2006. The Hanna-Barbera name is today only used to market properties and productions associated with Hanna-Barbera's "classic" works such as The Flintstones and Scooby-Doo.

History

The beginnings of Hanna-Barbera

Melrose, New Mexico native William Hanna and New York City-born Joseph Barbera first teamed together while working at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio in 1939. Melrose is a village in Curry County, New Mexico, United States. The City of New York The Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio was the in-house division of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM motion picture studio in Hollywood California, responsible for producing Their first directorial project was a cartoon entitled Puss Gets the Boot (1940), which served as the genesis of the popular Tom and Jerry cartoon series. Puss Gets the Boot is a one-reel Animated cartoon Short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on February 10, Tom and Jerry is a series of theatrical Short subjects (cartoons created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Hanna and Barbera served as the directors and story men for the Tom and Jerry cartoons for seventeen years, winning eight Academy Awards for Best Short Subject (Cartoons) between 1943 and 1953 for their work. The Academy Award for Animated Short Film is an award which has been given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as part of the Academy Awards every year Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Hanna, Barbera, and MGM live-action director George Sidney formed H-B Enterprises in 1944 while continuing working for MGM, and used the side company to work on ancillary projects, including early television commercials and the original opening titles to the popular 1950s television series I Love Lucy. George Sidney ( October 4, 1916 - May 5, 2002) was a Jewish American film director and film producer who worked primarily Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic I Love Lucy is an American Situation comedy, starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance and William Frawley

MGM closed their animation studio in 1957, as it felt it had acquired a reasonable backlog of shorts for re-release. Hanna and Barbera hired most of their MGM unit to work for H-B Enterprises, which became a full-fledged production company at this time. The decision was made to specialize in television animation. In order to obtain working capital to produce their cartoons, H-B made a deal with the Screen Gems television division of Columbia Pictures in which the new animation studio received working capital in exchange for distribution rights. Working capital, also known as net working capital, is a financial metric which represents operating liquidity available to a business Screen Gems is an American subsidiary company of Sony Pictures Entertainment 's Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group that has served several different }} Columbia Pictures Industries Inc is an American Film production and distribution company H-B's first TV series was The Ruff & Reddy Show, which premiered on NBC in December 1957. The Ruff & Reddy Show is a Hanna-Barbera animated series starring Ruff a Cat voiced by Don Messick, and Reddy a Dog voiced The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's

In 1958, H-B had their first big success with The Huckleberry Hound Show, a syndicated series aired in most markets just before primetime. Huckleberry "Huck" Hound is a fictional cartoon character created and produced by Hanna-Barbera, and the star of the 1958 syndicated animated series The program was a ratings success, and introduced a new crop of cartoon stars to audiences, in particular Huckleberry Hound and Yogi Bear. Huckleberry "Huck" Hound is a fictional cartoon character created and produced by Hanna-Barbera, and the star of the 1958 syndicated animated series Yogi Bear is a fictional Anthropomorphic Bear who appears in Animated cartoons created by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The Huckleberry Hound Show won the 1960 Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in the Field of Children's Programming.

By 1959, H-B Enterprises was reincorporated as Hanna-Barbera Productions, and was slowly becoming a leader in television animation production. After introducing a second syndicated series, Quick Draw McGraw, in 1959, Hanna-Barbera migrated into network primetime production with the animated ABC sitcom The Flintstones in 1960. Quick Draw McGraw is the anthropomorphic cartoon horse starring in The Quick Draw McGraw Show, the third cartoon television production created by Hanna-Barbera following The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. The Flintstones is an animated American television sitcom that ran from 1960 to 1966 on ABC. Loosely based upon the popular live-action sitcom The Honeymooners yet set in a fictionalized stone age of cavemen and dinosaurs, The Flintstones ran for six seasons in prime time on ABC, becoming a ratings and merchandising success. The Honeymooners debuted as a half-hour series on October 1 1955.

Hanna-Barbera never had a building of its own until 1963, when the Hanna-Barbera Studio, located at 3400 Cahuenga Blvd. in Studio City, California, was opened. Studio City is a four-square-mile district in the San Fernando Valley region of the City of Los Angeles, California, United States. The Columbia/Hanna-Barbera partnership lasted until 1967, when Hanna and Barbera sold the studio to Taft Broadcasting while retaining their positions at the studio. The Taft Broadcasting Company, also known as Taft Television and Radio Company Incorporated, was a media conglomerate based in Cincinnati Ohio.

Television cartoons

The former Hanna-Barbera building at 3400 Cahuenga Blvd. in Studio City, California, seen in a 2007 photograph. Studio City is a four-square-mile district in the San Fernando Valley region of the City of Los Angeles, California, United States.

Hanna-Barbera was one of the first animation studios to successfully produce cartoons especially for television. Until then, cartoons on television consisted primarily of rebroadcasts of theatrical cartoons. During the early and mid-1960s, the studio debuted several new successful programs, among them prime time ABC series such as Top Cat (1961-62), The Jetsons (1962-63), and Jonny Quest (1964-65). Top Cat is a Hanna-Barbera Prime time animated television series which ran from September 27, 1961 to April 18, The Jetsons is a prime-time animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. Jonny Quest (often referred to as The Adventures of Jonny Quest) is a Science fiction / Adventure animated television series New series produced for syndication and Saturday mornings included The Yogi Bear Show (a syndicated spinoff from Huckleberry Hound, 1961-63), The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series featuring Wally Gator (syndicated, 1962-63), The Magilla Gorilla Show (syndicated, 1964-67), and The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show (NBC, 1965-67). Yogi Bear is a fictional Anthropomorphic Bear who appears in Animated cartoons created by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series, aka The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon Series, was an syndicated television package of animated cartoon series Wally Gator is a Hanna-Barbera cartoon character Wally Gator is one of the segments from The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series ( Magilla Gorilla is the main character from The Magilla Gorilla Show, an animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera between January The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show was an hour-long Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Hanna-Barbera also produced several television commercials, often starring their own characters, and animated the opening credits for the ABC sitcom Bewitched (the Bewitched characters would appear as guest stars in an episode of The Flintstones). Bewitched is an American Situation comedy originally broadcast for eight seasons on ABC from 1964 to 1972.

The studio also produced a few theatrical projects for Columbia Pictures, including Loopy De Loop, a series of theatrical cartoons shorts, and two feature film projects based on its television properties, Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! (1964) and The Man Called Flintstone (1966). Loopy De Loop was the only theatrical cartoon short series produced by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera after leaving MGM and opening their Hey There It's Yogi Bear! is a 1964 Animated feature released by Columbia Pictures. The Man Called Flintstone is an American animated musical Film produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and released in

Starting in 1965, Hanna-Barbera tried its hand at being a record label for a short time. Danny Hutton was hired by Hanna-Barbera to become the head of Hanna Barbera Records or HBR from 1965-1966. Daniel Anthony Hutton (born September 10 1942, Buncrana, Donegal, Ireland) is an American Singer, best known ^[1] HBR Records was distributed by Columbia/CBS Records, with artists such as Louis Prima, Five Americans, Scatman Crothers, and The 13th Floor Elevators. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company Louis Prima ( December 7, 1910 Legacy The Prima-Butera arrangements and recordings continued to be copied by younger musicians including David Five Americans was a 1960s band most famous for the song "Western Union" which reached #5 in the U Not to be confused with Scatman John. Benjamin Sherman "Scatman" Crothers ( May 23, 1910 – November 22, 1986 Previously, children's records with Hanna-Barbera cartoon characters were released by Colpix Records. Colpix Records was the first recording company for Columbia Pictures - Screen Gems.

The Hanna-Barbera studio especially captured the market for Saturday morning cartoons. A Saturday morning cartoon is the colloquial term for the animated television programming which was typically scheduled on Saturday mornings on the major American After the success of The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show in 1965, H-B debuted two new Saturday morning series the following year: Space Ghost and Dino Boy, which featured action-adventure, and Frankenstein, Jr. and The Impossibles, which blended action-adventure with the earlier H-B style. Space Ghost and Dino Boy is an animated Television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. Frankenstein Jr and the Impossibles was an American Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1966 A slew of H-B action cartoons followed in 1967, among them Shazzan, Birdman and the Galaxy Trio, Moby Dick and the Mighty Mightor, Young Samson and Goliath, The Herculoids and an adaptation of Marvel Comics' Fantastic Four. Shazzan was a Saturday morning cartoon, created by Alex Toth and produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1967 for CBS. Birdman and the Galaxy Trio is an animated science fiction series created by Alex Toth and produced at Hanna-Barbera. Moby Dick and Mighty Mightor was a Science fiction Animated series created by Alex Toth for Hanna-Barbera Productions, which ran on Samson & Goliath (also known as Young Samson & Goliath) was a 30-minute Saturday morning cartoon series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions The Herculoids is a Saturday morning animated television series that was produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. Marvel Comics is an American comic book company owned by Marvel Publishing Inc Fantastic Four is an animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and the first animated series based on Marvel 's Comic book series Between these programs and others remaining on the air (reruns of The Flintstones, The Jetsons and Jonny Quest), Hanna-Barbera cartoons aired on all three networks' Saturday morning lineups, and dominated CBS's and NBC's schedules in particular.

While the action programs were notably popular and successful, pressure from parent-run organizations such as Action for Children's Television forced the cancellation of all of them by 1969. Action for Children's Television (ACT was founded by Peggy Charren in Newton Massachusetts in 1968 as a Grassroots organization dedicated to improving Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[2] In 1968, Hanna-Barbera mixed live-action and animated comedy-action for its NBC anthology series, The Banana Splits Adventure Hour, while the successful Wacky Races, aired on CBS, returned H-B to straight animated slapstick humor. Wacky Races is an animated television series from Hanna-Barbera, about a group of 11 different cars racing against each other in various road rallies with each driver

Hanna-Barbera's next runaway hit came in 1969 with Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!, a program which blended elements of the H-B comedy series, the action series, and rival Filmation's then-current hit program The Archie Show. Scooby-Doo Where Are You! is the first incarnation of the long-running Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon Scooby-Doo. For the unrelated isometric graphics engine used by Ultimate Play the Game in their 8-bit computer games see Filmation engine. The Archie Show was the first in a long line of Saturday morning cartoon Animated series produced by Filmation and based upon Bob Montana Scooby-Doo centered on four teenagers and a dog solving mysteries, and was popular enough to remain on the air and in production until 1986. A cavalcade of H-B Saturday morning cartoons featuring mystery-solving/crime-fighting teenagers with comic pets soon followed, among them Josie and the Pussycats (1970-72), The Funky Phantom (1971-72), Speed Buggy (1973-74), Clue Club (1976-78) and Jabberjaw (1976-77). Josie and the Pussycats was an American Animated television series produced for Saturday morning television by Hanna-Barbera Productions The Funky Phantom was a Saturday morning cartoon, produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1971 for ABC. Speed Buggy was a Saturday Morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions from September 8, 1973 to August 30, Clue Club was a 30-minute Saturday morning animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions from August 14, 1976 to September Jabberjaw was a 30-minute Saturday morning animated series created by Joe Ruby and Ken Spears and produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions By 1977, Scooby-Doo was the centerpiece of a two-hour program block on ABC titled Scooby's All-Star Laff-a-Lympics, which also included Dynomutt, Dog Wonder, Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels, and Laff-a-Lympics. Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics (1977-1978 Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics was a two-hour Saturday morning animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels is an Animated series created by Joe Ruby and Ken Spears and produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions Laff-A-Lympics was the co-headlining segment with Scooby-Doo, of the package Saturday morning cartoon series Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics

During the 1970s in particular, most American television animation was produced by Hanna-Barbera. The only competition came from Filmation and DePatie-Freleng Enterprises, as well as occasional prime-time animated "specials" from Rankin-Bass, Chuck Jones and Lee Mendelson-Bill Melendez's adaptations of Peanuts. DePatie-Freleng Enterprises (DFE was a Hollywood-based American animated production company active from 1963 to 1981 Rankin/Bass Productions Inc (formerly Videocraft International Ltd Charles Martin "Chuck" Jones ( September 21, 1912 &ndash February 22, 2002) was an American Animator, Lee Mendelson (born ca 1933 is an American Television producer. José Cuauhtemoc "Bill" Meléndez ( November 15, 1916 &ndash September 2, 2008) was a Mexican -born American Peanuts is a syndicated daily and Sunday Comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M Besides Scooby-Doo and the programs derived from it, Hanna-Barbera also found success with new programs such as Harlem Globetrotters and Hong Kong Phooey. Harlem Globetrotters (called Harlem Globe Trotters in the opening titles was a Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Hong Kong Phooey is a 16-episode (31 shorts Hanna-Barbera Animated series that first aired on ABC Saturday morning from September The syndicated Wait Till Your Father Gets Home, which debuted in 1972, returned Hanna-Barbera to adult-oriented comedy, although Wait Till Your Father Gets Home was more provocative than The Flintstones or The Jetsons had been. Wait till Your Father Gets Home is an Animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera which aired in first-run syndication in the United The studio revisited its 1960s stars with Flintstones spin-offs such as The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show and The Flintstone Comedy Hour. The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show was a 30-minute Saturday morning animated series spin-off of The Flintstones produced by Hanna-Barbera The Flintstone Comedy Hour is a one-hour Saturday morning cartoon Anthology series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. "All-star" shows featuring Yogi Bear, Huckleberry Hound, and the other Hanna-Barbera funny animals included Yogi's Gang and the Yogi's Space Race programming block. Yogi's Gang was a 30-minute Animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions which aired 16 half-hour episodes on ABC from September Yogi's Space Race was a 90-minute Saturday morning cartoon program block produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions from September 9, 1978 Hanna-Barbera also produced new series starring older cartoon favorites such as Popeye (The All-New Popeye Hour) and its own Tom & Jerry (The New Tom & Jerry/Grape Ape Show). Popeye the Sailor Man is a fictional hero famous for appearing in comic strips and animated films as well as numerous TV shows The All-New Popeye Hour is an animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera and King Features Syndicate. The Great Grape Ape Show was a Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions that was broadcast on ABC from 1975 Super Friends, a Hanna-Barbera produced adaptation of DC Comics' Justice League of America comic book, remained on Saturday mornings from 1973 to 1986. Super Friends is an American Animated television series about a team of Superheroes which ran from 1973 to 1986 on ABC as part DC Comics is an American comic book and related media company The Justice League sometimes called the Justice League of America or JLA for short is a Fictional DC Comics superhero team.

Quality controversy

Over three decades, Hanna-Barbera produced prime-time, weekday afternoon, and Saturday morning cartoons for all three major networks in the United States, and for syndication. A Saturday morning cartoon is the colloquial term for the animated television programming which was typically scheduled on Saturday mornings on the major American The small budgets television animation producers had to work within prevented Hanna-Barbera, and most other producers of American television animation, from working with the full theatrical-quality animation the duo had been known for at MGM. Instead, Hanna-Barbera modified the concept of limited animation practiced and popularized by the United Productions of America (UPA) studio. Limited animation is a process of making Animated cartoons that do not follow a "realistic" approach United Productions of America, better known as UPA, was an American Animation studio of the 1940s through present day beginning with industrial films Character designs were simplified, and backgrounds and animation cycles (walks, runs, etc. ) were regularly re-purposed. Characters were often broken up into a handful of levels, so that only the parts of the body that needed to be moved at a given time (i. e. a mouth, an arm, a head) would be animated. The rest of the figure would remain on a held animation cel. This allowed a typical 10 minute short to be done with only 1200 drawings instead of the usual 26,000. Dialogue, music, and sound effects were emphasized over action, leading Chuck Jones, a contemporary who worked for Hanna and Barbera's rivals at Warner Bros. Cartoons when the duo was at MGM, to disparagingly refer to the limited TV cartoons produced by Hanna-Barbera and others as "illustrated radio". Charles Martin "Chuck" Jones ( September 21, 1912 &ndash February 22, 2002) was an American Animator, Warner Bros Cartoons Inc was the Animation division of Warner Bros ^[3]

In a story published by The Saturday Evening Post in 1961, critics stated that Hanna-Barbera was taking on more work than they could handle and were resorting to shortcuts only a television audience would tolerate. The Saturday Evening Post was a weekly Magazine published in the United States from August 4, 1821 to February 8, ^[4] An executive who worked for Walt Disney Productions said, "We don't even consider [them] competition. " ^[4] Ironically, during the late 1950s and early 1960s, Hanna-Barbera was the only animation studio in Hollywood that was actively hiring, and they picked up a number of Disney artists who were laid off during this period.

The studio's solution to the criticism over its quality was to go into features. The studio produced five theatrical features, among them higher-quality versions of their TV cartoons (Hey There, It's Yogi Bear!, The Man Called Flintstone, and Jetsons: The Movie in 1990) and adaptations of other material (Charlotte's Web in 1973 and Heidi's Song in 1982). Jetsons The Movie is a 1990 animated feature film produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and released to theaters by Universal Pictures on the 6th of July Charlotte's Web, a children's book by E B White, was adapted into an animated Musical film by Hanna-Barbera Productions and Sagittarius Heidi's Years of Wandering and Learning ( German: Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre) usually abbreviated Heidi, is a novel about the events

The slow rise and fall

In the 1980s, competing studios such as Filmation and Rankin/Bass began to introduce successful syndicated cartoon series based upon popular toys and action figures. These included Filmation's He-Man and the Masters of the Universe and She-Ra: Princess of Power and Rankin/Bass's Thundercats, Silverhawks and Tigersharks. He-Man and the Masters of the Universe is an American Animated television series produced by Filmation based on Mattel 's successful She-Ra Princess of Power is an American Animated television series produced in 1985 by Filmation. ThunderCats is an American Animated television series that was developed and produced by Rankin/Bass Productions debuting in 1985 Silverhawks was an animated Children's television series developed by Rankin/Bass and distributed by Lorimar-Telepictures in 1986 TigerSharks is an animated Children's television series developed by Rankin/Bass and distributed by Lorimar-Telepictures in The Hanna-Barbera studio fell behind; for the most part they continued to produce for Saturday mornings, although they no longer dominated the market as before. Hanna-Barbera also aligned themselves with Ruby-Spears Productions, which was founded in 1977 by former H-B employees Joe Ruby and Ken Spears. Ruby-Spears Productions (also known as Ruby-Spears Enterprises) is a Burbank, California -based Entertainment Production company that Ruby-Spears Productions (also known as Ruby-Spears Enterprises) is a Burbank, California -based Entertainment Production company that Ruby-Spears Productions (also known as Ruby-Spears Enterprises) is a Burbank, California -based Entertainment Production company that Hanna-Barbera's then-parent Taft Broadcasting purchased Ruby-Spears from Filmways in 1981, and Ruby-Spears often paired their productions with Hanna-Barbera shows. Filmways Inc was a Television and Film production company founded by American film executive Martin Ransohoff in 1960 Taft also bought Worldvision Enterprises in 1979; this company became the syndication distributor for most of Hanna-Barbera's shows throughout the 1980s. Worldvision Enterprises Inc was a Television program and Home video distributor established in 1962 as ABC Films, the syndication arm of the

Hanna-Barbera followed the lead of its competitors by introducing shows based on familiar licensed properties like The Smurfs, The Snorks, Pac-Man, Shirt Tales, Happy Days, and GoBots, and also produced several ABC Weekend Specials. The Smurfs is a American Cartoon series that aired on NBC from 1981 to 1989 Snorks is an animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions, which ran on NBC from 1984 to 1986 and in syndication from 1987 Pac-Man, also known as Pac-Man The Animated Series, is an animated TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and based upon the popular The Shirt Tales are characters that were created in 1980 and were featured on Hallmark Cards greeting cards Happy Days is an American Television sitcom that originally aired from 1974 to 1984 on ABC. Gobots was a line of transforming Robot Toys produced by Tonka from 1983 to 1986, similar to Transformers. One of their shows based on a licensed property, The Dukes, was co-produced with eventual corporate sibling Warner Bros. Television, which produced the parent series The Dukes of Hazzard. For the 2007 film by this name see The Dukes (film The Dukes was an Animated series which ran on CBS between 1983 Warner Bros Television is the television production and distribution arm of Warner Bros The Dukes of Hazzard is an American Television series that originally aired on the CBS television network from 1979 to 1985. Some of their shows were produced at their Australian-based studio (a partnership with Australian media company Southern Star Entertainment), including Drak Pack, Wildfire, The Berenstain Bears, Teen Wolf, and almost all of the CBS Storybreak specials. Drak Pack was an animated Television series. It aired in the United States on CBS Saturday Morning between September 6, Wildfire is an Animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera in 1986. The Berenstain Bears are a Fictional family of Anthropomorphic Bears created by Stan and Jan Berenstain in a series of very popular Children's Teen Wolf, known as The Cartoon Adventures of Teen Wolf in the UK release is an animated American television CBS Storybreak is a Saturday morning anthology Television series that originally aired on the CBS network during the 1985 season The studio also worked on other projects with less fanfare during the late 1980s and early 1990s, such as the direct-to-video series The Greatest Adventure: Stories from the Bible. The Greatest Adventure Stories from the Bible is a video series produced by Hanna-Barbera that tells of three young adventurers&mdashDerek Margo and Moki&mdashwho travel

After the success of CBS' hit 1984 Saturday morning cartoon series Muppet Babies, which featured toddler versions of the popular Muppets characters, Hanna-Barbera began producing shows featuring "kid" versions of popular characters, based upon both their own properties (The Flintstone Kids, A Pup Named Scooby-Doo) and characters owned by others (Pink Panther and Sons, Popeye and Son). CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. Jim Henson's Muppet Babies was a popular American animated television series that aired from September 15, 1984 to December 29 The Flintstone Kids was a 60-minute Animated television series spin-off of The Flintstones which followed the adventures of Fred, A Pup Named Scooby-Doo is the eighth incarnation of the long-running Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon Scooby-Doo. Pink Panther and Sons is an Animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera and originally broadcast from 1984 to 1985. Popeye and Son is an animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera and King Features Syndicate, and aired for one season ( 1987 - 1988

In 1985, Hanna-Barbera launched The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera, a weekend-only program that introduced new versions of old favorites like Yogi Bear, Jonny Quest, The Snorks, and Richie Rich alongside brand new shows like Galtar and the Golden Lance, Paw Paws, Fantastic Max, and Midnight Patrol. Galtar and the Golden Lance is an Animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera. Paw Paws, sometimes known as Paw Paw Bears, debuted as one of the original segments of The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera. Fantastic Max is an Animated cartoon series created by Mike Young. The following year, H-B started Hanna-Barbera Superstars 10, a series of 10 original telefilms based on their popular stable of characters, including the popular crossover The Jetsons Meet the Flintstones. Hanna-Barbera Superstars 10 is a series of ten syndicated telefilms made from 1987 to 1988 by creators Bill Hanna and Joe Barbera, featuring the most popular The Jetsons Meet the Flintstones is an animated TV movie featuring the first meeting between the characters from two Hanna-Barbera cartoon shows The Flintstones

Throughout all of this, both Hanna-Barbera and Ruby-Spears were subject to the financial troubles of parent company Taft Broadcasting, which had just been acquired by the American Financial Corporation in 1987 and had its name changed to Great American Broadcasting the following year. Along with much of the rest of the American animation industry, Hanna-Barbera had gradually begun to move away from producing everything in-house in the early 1980s. Much of the Hanna-Barbera product was outsourced to studios in Taiwan, the Philippines, and Japan, including Toei Animation, Wang Film Productions and Fil-Cartoon. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. ( is a Japanese animation studio owned by Toei Co Ltd. The studio was originally founded in 1948 as Japan Animated Films (日本動画映画 Nihon Dōga Eiga often shortened Wang Film Productions is one of the oldest and most prolific Animation studios In 1989, much of Hanna-Barbera's staff responded to a call from Warner Bros. to resurrect their animation department. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and Warner Bros Animation is the animation division of Warner Bros Producer Tom Ruegger and a number of his colleagues left the studio at this time, moving to Warner Bros. Tom Ruegger (born April 4th 1956 in Metuchen New Jersey is an American animation writer producer and director to develop hit programs such as Tiny Toon Adventures and Animaniacs. Steven Spielberg Presents Tiny Toon Adventures (also known as Tiny Toon Adventures or Tiny Toons) is an American Steven Spielberg Presents Animaniacs, usually referred to as Animaniacs, is an American animated series, distributed by Warner Bros

The Turner rebound

In 1990, burdened with debt, Great American put both Hanna-Barbera and Ruby-Spears up for sale. In 1991, Hanna-Barbera and much of the original Ruby-Spears library were acquired by Turner Broadcasting.

Turner's President of Entertainment Scott Sassa hired Fred Seibert, a network television executive with no experience in animation, to head the Hanna-Barbera studio. Scott Sassa Scott Sassa is currently Founder and CEO of ubercom a consumer internet site Fred Seibert (born September 15, 1951) is a television producer and an entertainment executive who has held He immediately filled the gap left by the departure of most of their creative crew during the Great American years with a new crop of animators, writers, and producers, including Pat Ventura, Donovan Cook, Craig McCracken, Genndy Tartakovsky, Seth MacFarlane, David Feiss, Van Partible, and Butch Hartman and new production head Buzz Potamkin. Craig McCracken (born March 31, 1971 in Charleroi Pennsylvania) is an American Animator mostly known as the creator of the cartoon Genndy Tartakovsky (Геннадий Тартаковский (Gennadiy Tartakovskiy born January 17 1970 is an Emmy Award -winning Russian born Jewish- Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (born October 26 1973 is an Emmy award-winning American Comedian, Animator, Screenwriter, producer Elmer Earl "Butch" Hartman IV (born January 10 1965 in Highland Park Michigan) is an American In 1992, the studio was renamed H-B Productions Company, changing its name once again to Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. a year later.

In the early 1990s, Hanna-Barbera introduced new versions of earlier properties such as Yo Yogi!, Tom and Jerry Kids, its spin-off Droopy: Master Detective. Yo Yogi! is an animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Studios that aired on NBC on Saturday mornings during the 1991 - 1992 Tom & Jerry Kids is an animated television series featuring the popular cat-and-mouse duo as kids Droopy Master Detective is an Animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera and originally aired on FOX for one season ( 1993 It also assumed production of TBS's Captain Planet and the Planeteers in 1993, renaming it The New Adventures of Captain Planet. TBS is an American Cable television network that shows sports and a variety of programming with a focus on comedy Captain Planet and the Planeteers is an American animated environmentalist Television program, based on an idea by Ted Turner Captain Planet and the Planeteers is an American animated environmentalist Television program, based on an idea by Ted Turner The studio also introduced shows that were quite different from their previous releases, including Wake, Rattle, and Roll, 2 Stupid Dogs, Swat Kats: The Radical Squadron, and The Pirates of Dark Water. Wake Rattle and Roll (retitled Jump Rattle and Roll when it aired on Disney Channel on weekday afternoons in 1991 was a live-action/animated 2 Stupid Dogs is an Emmy -nominatedAmerican Animated television series created by Donovan Cook and produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons SWAT Kats The Radical Squadron is a Hanna-Barbera American animated series created by Christian Tremblay and Yvon Tremblay The Pirates of Dark Water is a fantasy animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera and Turner Entertainment in the early 1990s

In 1992, Turner launched Cartoon Network, to showcase its huge library of animated programs, of which Hanna-Barbera was the core contributor. As a result, many classic cartoons - especially those by H-B - were introduced to a new audience. In 1994, The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera was ended, so that Turner could refocus H-B to produce new shows exclusively for the Turner-owned networks, especially Cartoon Network.

In February 1995, Hanna-Barbera and Cartoon Network launched World Premiere Toons (a. World Premiere Toons (later known as What a Cartoon! Show, now known as The Cartoon Cartoon Show) is the mid-1990s Animation k. a. What A Cartoon!), a format designed by Seibert. The weekly program featured new creator-driven cartoon shorts developed by its in-house staff. Several original Cartoon Network series emerged from the World Premiere Toons project, the first of which was Genndy Tartakovsky's Dexter's Laboratory in 1996. Dexter's Laboratory ( Dexter's Lab for short is an Annie Award -winning American animated series created by Genndy Tartakovsky Others programs followed, including Johnny Bravo, Cow and Chicken, and The Powerpuff Girls. Johnny Bravo is an American animated series created by Van Partible. Cow and Chicken was an Emmy Award -nominated American Animated television series, created by David Feiss. The Powerpuff Girls is an Emmy award-winning The show has come under criticism for its rather excessive violence (including images of characters gushing blood Hanna-Barbera also produced several new direct-to-video movies featuring Scooby-Doo (released by Warner Bros. ) as well as a new Jonny Quest series, The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest. The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest is an Animated Action-adventure Television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons and broadcast

After the merger between Turner Broadcasting and Time Warner in 1996, the conglomerate had two separate animation studios in its possession. Though under a common ownership, Hanna-Barbera and Warner Bros. Animation operated separately until 1998. That year, the Hanna-Barbera building was closed and the studio was moved to the Warner Bros. Animation lot at Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, California. Sherman Oaks is an 81-square-mile district in the San Fernando Valley region of the City of Los Angeles California.

The Cartoon Network Studios era

See also: Cartoon Network Studios

Around 1998, the Hanna-Barbera name began to disappear from the newer shows from the studio in favor of the Cartoon Network Studios name. Cartoon Network Studios is an American Animated cartoon Production company. Cartoon Network Studios is an American Animated cartoon Production company. This came in handy with shows that were produced outside of Hanna-Barbera, but Cartoon Network had a hand in producing, like a.k.a. Cartoon's Ed, Edd, and Eddy, Kino Films' Mike, Lu and Og, and Curious Pictures' Sheep in the Big City, as well as the shows the studio continued to produce, like The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy and Samurai Jack and various original Cartoon Network shows. aka Cartoon (sometimes stylized as aka CARTOON) is a Canadian animation company located Ed Edd n Eddy is the longest-running original Animated cartoon series on Cartoon Network created by Danny Antonucci and produced by Canadian Mike Lu & Og was an American Animated television series that ran on Cartoon Network, produced by Kinofilm Studios Curious Pictures is a diversified entertainment company dedicated to fun and creative expression in all shapes and forms Sheep in the Big City is an American Animated television series which ran on Cartoon Network for two seasons from November 2000 to April The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy is an award-winning American Animated television series that originally aired on Cartoon Network. Samurai Jack is a 4-time Emmy Award -winning American Animated television series created by animator Genndy Tartakovsky that aired

When William Hanna died on March 22, 2001, an era was over. Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase featured a dedication to Hanna but the actual production was a Warner Bros. Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase is the fourth of a series of Direct-to-video Animated films based on Hanna-Barbera 's Scooby-Doo Where Animation production. After 2001, Hanna-Barbera was completely absorbed into Warner Bros. Animation and further Cartoon Network projects were handled by Cartoon Network Studios. Joseph Barbera continued to work for Warner Bros. Animation on projects relating to Hanna-Barbera and Tom & Jerry properties until his death on December 18, 2006. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[5]

Although the Hanna-Barbera name remains on the copyright notices of new productions based on "classic" properties like the Flintstones, Scooby-Doo, and others, the studio that produces it is Warner Bros. Animation; whereas most Cartoon Network series previously produced by Hanna-Barbera are copyrighted by the channel itself.

List of notable Hanna-Barbera productions

For a complete list of Hanna-Barbera productions, see List of works produced by Hanna-Barbera. For a list of Hanna-Barbera TV shows released in DVD season sets, see List of Hanna-Barbera TV shows on DVD. The following is a list of animated shows from Hanna-Barbera Productions that have been released by season and/or series in Region 1 DVD Box sets called

The Hanna-Barbera sound effects

Besides their cartoons and characters, Hanna-Barbera was also famous for their vast library of sound effects. Besides cartoon-style sound effects (such as ricochets, slide whistles and more), they also had familiar sounds used for transportation, household items, the elements, and more.

When Hanna and Barbera started their own cartoon studio in 1957, they created a handful of sound effects, and had limited choices. They also took some sounds from the then-defunct MGM animation studios. By 1958, they began to expand and began adding more sound effects to their library. Besides creating a lot of their own effects, they also collected sound effects from other movie and cartoon studios, such as Universal Pictures, Warner Bros. Animation, and even Walt Disney Productions.

Some of their famous sound effects included a rapid bongo drum take used for when a character's feet were scrambling before taking off, a "KaBONG" sound produced on a guitar for when Quick Draw McGraw would smash a guitar over a villain's head, the sound of a car's brake drum combined with a bulb horn for when Fred Flintstone would drop his bowling ball onto his foot, an automobile's tires squealing with a "skipping" effect added for when someone would slide to a sudden stop, a snare-drum-and-cymbal combination for when someone would fall down or smack into an object, a xylophone being struck rapidly on the same note for a tip-toeing effect, and a violin being plucked with the tuning pegs being raised to simulate something like pulling out a cat's whisker. Quick Draw McGraw is the anthropomorphic cartoon horse starring in The Quick Draw McGraw Show, the third cartoon television production created by Hanna-Barbera following Frederick J "Fred" Flintstone is a Fictional character who originated in the animated Sitcom The Flintstones on The cartoons also used Castle Thunder, a well-known thunder-and-lightning sound effect. Castle thunder is a Sound effect that consists of the sound of a loud thunderclap during a rainstorm Other common sounds such as Peeong (a bass guitar-sounding thud) and Bilp were used regularly in all of its cartoons.

In the 1980s, Hanna-Barbera slowly began to cease using their trademark sound effects. This was especially true with the action cartoons of the time such as Sky Commanders. Sky Commanders is an Animated television series created by Hanna-Barbera Studios. By the 1990s, with cartoons such as Fish Police, Swat Kats and the animated telefilm Arabian Nights, the sound effects were virtually nonexistent, being replaced with newer, digitally-recorded sounds, as well as other cartoon sound effects such as the Looney Tunes sound library. Fish Police is the name of a Comic book series by Cartoonist Steven Moncuse and its six episode Cartoon Adaptation. SWAT Kats The Radical Squadron is a Hanna-Barbera American animated series created by Christian Tremblay and Yvon Tremblay Arabian Nights (re-issued on VHS and DVD as Scooby-Doo in Arabian Nights and also Scooby-Doo! Arabian Nights) is an animated A few early 1990s cartoons continued to use the sound effects, such as Tom and Jerry Kids and Gravedale High. Tom & Jerry Kids is an animated television series featuring the popular cat-and-mouse duo as kids Gravedale High was an animated series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and NBC Productions By 1996, each cartoon from the company had its own set of sound effects, including some selected from the classic H-B sound library, as well as some new ones and various sounds from Disney and Warner Bros. cartoons. Several of the classic H-B sound effects still pop up from time to time in Cartoon Network Studios' productions. However, on What's New, Scooby-Doo? and many of the direct-to-video Scooby-Doo animated movies, the Hanna-Barbera sound effects are very rarely used. What's New Scooby-Doo? was the ninth incarnation of the long-running Hanna-Barbera Saturday morning cartoon Scooby-Doo, and Exceptions were two direct-to-video movies from 2002-2003, Scooby-Doo and the Legend of the Vampire and Scooby-Doo and the Monster of Mexico, which extensively uses the H-B sound effects, along with remixes of the original 1969 Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! background music and the original voice cast (sans the departed Don Messick). Donald "Don" Messick ( September 7, 1926 &ndash October 24, 1997) was one of the most prolific voice actors of the second half This was soon quickly dropped. However, Shaggy & Scooby-Doo Get a Clue! seemed to use the H-B sound effects more often than the previous series did. Shaggy & Scooby-Doo Get a Clue! is the tenth incarnation of Hanna-Barbera 's long-running Scooby-Doo series of Saturday morning cartoons

However, since the 1960s, several other cartoon studios have used the sound effects, including, but not limited to, Filmation, DePatie-Freleng Enterprises, DiC Entertainment, Film Roman, Spumco, Nickelodeon Animation Studios and many others. By the 21st century, almost every animation studio was using the sound effects. Nowadays, like Hanna-Barbera, they are used sparingly, while some cartoons like Warner Bros. Animation's Krypto the Superdog and Spumco's Ren and Stimpy Adult Party Cartoon make heavy use of the classic sound effects, mostly for a retro feel. The hit FOX show Family Guy has also utilized Hanna-Barbera sound effects on several occasions, mostly to parody Hanna-Barbera itself, possibly since creator Seth McFarlane was a former Hanna-Barbera staff member. Also, the popular PC adventure game The Neverhood (and its sequel Skullmonkeys) extensively used the Hanna-Barbera sound effects, such as when Klaymen would walk, the footsteps of Fred Flintstone could be heard.

The Hanna-Barbera Sound Effects were not originally available to the public or other sound editors, although some Hanna-Barbera sounds show up in various sound libraries such as Valentino and Audio Network. H-B released a seven-LP record set in 1986 entitled The Hanna-Barbera Library of Sounds, which contained many of the classic effects. However, in 1993, the last President of the studio, Fred Seibert recalled his early production experiences with early LP releases of the studio's effects and commissioned Sound Ideas released a four-CD set entitled The Hanna-Barbera Sound FX Library, featuring almost all of the original H-B sound effects used from 1957 to 1996 (including the sounds H-B had borrowed from other studios). Fred Seibert (born September 15, 1951) is a television producer and an entertainment executive who has held The sound effects were digitally remastered, making them suitable on new digital soundtracks. A fifth CD was added in 1996, entitled Hanna-Barbera Lost Treasures, and featured more sound effects, including sounds from Space Ghost and The Impossibles. Also in 1994, Rhino Records released a CD containing some of Hanna-Barbera's famous sound effects, titled simply as "Hanna-Barbera Cartoon Sound FX," and also included some answering-machine messages and birthday greetings and short stories starring classic Hanna-Barbera characters, and was hosted by Fred Flintstone. Rhino Entertainment Company is an American specialty Record label and production company owned by Warner Music Group. In 1996, it was reissued with the "Hanna-Barbera's Pick-a-Nic Basket of Cartoon Classics" CD set, which also contained three other CDs of H-B TV theme songs and background music and songs from The Flintstones. Here, the CD was relabeled as "The Greatest Cartoon Sound Effects Ever. "

See also

• Tom and Jerry
• Hollywood Animation: The TV Era
• Cartoon Network Studios
• Hanna-Barbera Land

References

Notes

Bibliography

• Barbera. Joseph (1994). My Life in 'Toons: From Flatbush to Bedrock in Under a Century. Atlanta: Turner Publishing. 157-036042-1
• Burke, Timothy and Burke, Kevin (1998). Saturday Morning Fever : Growing up with Cartoon Culture. New York: St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 0-312-16996-5
• Hanna, William (1999). A Cast of Friends. New York: Da Capo Press. 0306-80917-6
• Lawrence, Guy (2006). Yogi Bear's Nuggets: A Hanna-Barbera 45 Guide. Spectropop. com

External links

• Warner Bros' Hanna-Barbera site
• Cartoon Network's Hanna-Barbera Studio tour
• Hanna-Barbera Animation at the Big Cartoon DataBase
• Hanna-Barbera Productions at the Internet Movie Database
• Toonopedia: Hanna-Barbera Studio
• Encyclopaedia Britannica, William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
• HB Shows.com - The Hanna-Barbera Super Center
• Hanna-Barbera Planet - A tribute site dedicated to William Hanna and Joseph Barbera