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Hanafuda (花札?)
Koi Koi
The start of a game of Koi Koi
Players 2–6
Age range 8 and up
Setup time 2 minutes
Playing time 10–180 minutes
Random chance Medium
Skills required Probabilistic analysis
Strategic thought

BoardGameGeek entry

Hanafuda (花札?) are playing cards of Japanese origin, used to play a number of games. A Strategy is a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal, most often "winning A playing card is a piece of specially prepared heavy paper thin card or thin plastic figured with distinguishing motifs and used as one of a set for playing Card games For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The name literally translates as 'flower cards'. [1]

Contents

History

Though refined card games were played in Japan by the nobility since its early years, they were not commonly used for gambling, nor played by the lower classes. This changed, however, in the 18th year of Tenmon (A. is the Ninja art of understanding and using Meteorology as a strategic weapon D. 1549) when Francisco Xavier landed in Japan. Saint Francis Xavier ( Konkani / Konknni: Sam Fransisku Xavier/ Sanv Fransisk Xavier Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa Spanish: San Francisco The crew of his ship had carried a set of Hombre (48-card Portuguese) playing cards from Europe, and card games, or more specifically, gambling card games, became extremely popular with the Japanese. A playing card is a piece of specially prepared heavy paper thin card or thin plastic figured with distinguishing motifs and used as one of a set for playing Card games When Japan subsequently closed off all contact with the Western world in 1633, foreign playing cards were banned.

Despite the ban, gambling with cards remained highly popular. Private gambling during the Tokugawa Shogunate was illegal. The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the, and the, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the Shoguns of Because playing card games per se were not banned, new cards were created with different designs to avoid the restriction. For example, an anonymous game player designed a card game known as "Unsun Karuta". These cards were decorated with Chinese art, each depicting Chinese warriors, weaponry, armor, and dragons. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The dragon is a Legendary creature of which some interpretation or depiction appears in almost every culture worldwide This deck consisted of 75 cards, and was not as popular as the Western card games had been simply because of the difficulty of becoming familiar with the system. When gambling with a particular card deck design became too popular, the government banned those cards to restrict gambling activity, which then prompted the creation of new cards. This cat and mouse game between the government and rebellious gamblers resulted in the creation of many differing designs.

Through the rest of the Edo era through the Meiwa, Anei, and Tenmei eras (roughly 1765–1788), a game called Mekuri Karuta took the place of Unsun Karuta. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868 was a after Hōreki and before An'ei. This period spanned the years from 1764 through 1772 was a Japanese era name (年号 nengō, lit Year name after An'ei and before Kansei. Consisting of a 48-card deck divided into 4 sets of 12, it became wildly popular and was one of the most common forms of gambling during this time period. In fact, it became so commonly used for gambling that it was banned in 1791, during the Kansei Era. was a after Tenmei and before Kyōwa. This period spanned the years from 1789 through 1801.

Over the next few decades, several new card games were developed and subsequently banned due to the fact that they were used almost exclusively for gambling purposes. However, the government began to realize that some form of card games would always be played by the populace, and began to relax their laws against gambling. The eventual result of all this was a game called Hanafuda, which combined traditional Japanese games with Western-style playing cards. Because hanafuda cards do not have numbers (the main purpose is to associate images) and the long length to complete a game, it has a partially limited use for gambling. However, it is still possible to gamble by assigning points for completed image combinations.

By this point, however, card games were not nearly as popular as they had been due to past governmental repression.

In 1889, Fusajiro Yamauchi founded Nintendo Koppai for the purposes of producing and selling hand-crafted Hanafuda cards painted on mulberry tree bark. Fusajiro Yamauchi (山内 房治郎 Yamauchi Fusajirō, November 22, 1859 &ndash January 1940 was the founder of the company that is now known as is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Kyoto Japan founded on Bark, also known as periderm is the outermost layer of stems and Roots of Woody plants such as Trees It overlays the Wood and consists Though it took a while to catch on, soon the Yakuza began using Hanafuda cards in their gambling parlors, and card games became popular in Japan again. History Origins Despite their notoriety in modern Japan the precise origin of the Yakuza is still somewhat the subject of debate

Today, Hanafuda is commonly played in Hawaii and South Korea, though under different names. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː In Hawaii, it is called Sakura, Higobana and sometimes Hanafura. In South Korea, the cards are called "Hwatoo" (Korean: 화투, Hanja: 花鬪) and the most common game is "Go Stop" (Korean: 고스톱) [2]. This article is mainly about the spoken Korean language See Hangul for details on the native Korean writing system Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated In South Korea, Hwatoo is very common to be played during special holidays such as the Lunar New Years, and also during the Korean holiday of 추석(Chuseok). Chuseok, originally known as Hangawi (한가위 (from archaic Korean for "great middle" is a major Harvest festival and a three-day holiday Playing Go Stop during the family gatherings of the holidays have become a culture to Koreans for many years. It is also played in the former Japanese colony of Micronesia, where it is known as Hanafuda. It is a four-person game, and is often paired cross-table, though the Korean and Japanese versions are usually played with three players, with two-person variants. Despite its focus on video games, Nintendo still produces the cards, although this business is diminishing. A video game is a Game that involves interaction with a User interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. In 2006, Nintendo published Clubhouse Games (42 All-Time Classics in the United Kingdom) for the Nintendo DS, which included Koi-Koi. Clubhouse Games, known in Europe as 42 All-Time Classics and in Japan as, is a compilation Video game consisting of card board

The following rules are by no means official; there are many different games played with Hanafuda, and there are as many different variations as there are players.

Cards

There are twelve suits, representing months. Each is designated a flower, and each suit has four cards. Typically, there are two 'normal' cards worth one point, one poetry ribbon card worth five points, and a final special card worth ten or twenty points. The point values could be considered unnecessary and arbitrary, as the most popular games only concern themselves with certain combinations of taken cards.

For some purposes, the flowers are used as numerals, with pine having a value of 1, plum having a value of 2, and so forth. This enables the deck to be used for games such as Oicho-Kabu. Oicho-Kabu (おいちょかぶ is a traditional Japanese Gambling game similar to the Western games Blackjack and Baccarat.

Month Flower Cards Images
January Matsu (Pine) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Poetry Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Crane and Sun (20 points)
February Ume (Flowering Plum) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Poetry Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Warbler in a Tree (10 points)
March Sakura (Flowering Cherry) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Poetry Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Sakura Banner (20 points)
April Fuji (Wisteria) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Red Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Cuckoo in a Tree (10 points)
May Shoubu (Iris) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Red Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Water Iris at Dock (10 points)
June Botan (Peony) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Purple Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Butterflies (10 points)
July Hagi (Bush Clover) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Red Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Boar (10 points)
August Susuki (Japanese Pampas Grass) 2 Normal (1 point), 2 Specials: Geese in Flight (10 points), Full Moon with Red Sky (20 points)
September Kiku (Chrysanthemum) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Purple Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Poetry Sake cup (10 points)
October Momiji (Maple) 2 Normal (1 point), 1 Purple Ribbon (5 points) and 1 Special: Deer under Tree (10 points)
November Yanagi (Willow) 1 Red Ribbon (5 points) and 3 Specials: Lightning (1 point), Swallow (10 points), Man with Umbrella Strolling (Rainman, 20 points)
December Kiri (Paulownia) 3 Normal (1 point, one colored differently than the others), Special: Chinese Phoenix (20 points)

References

  1. ^ Games played with Flower Cards
  2. ^ Rules of Go Stop

See also

External links

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