Hamersley Perth, Western Australia
View east from Benjafield Way towards ABC tower
Population:	4,965 (2006 census)[1]
Established:	1968
Postcode:	6022
Area:	3. Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Postcodes are used in Australia for the purposes of sorting and directing Mail. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 267 km² (1. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 3 sq mi)
Property Value:	AUD $448,500 (Q3 2007)[2]
Location:	14 km (9 mi) NNW of Perth
LGA:	City of Stirling
State District:	Balcatta
Federal Division:	Stirling
Suburbs around Hamersley: Duncraig Warwick Girrawheen Carine Hamersley Balga Gwelup Balcatta Westminster

Hamersley is a residential suburb 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-northwest of the central business district of Perth, the capital of Western Australia, and six kilometres (4 mi) from the Indian Ocean. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. The Australian state of Western Australia is divided into 142 Local Government Areas (including Christmas Island and the The City of Stirling is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about north State Electoral District is a term used to refer to an electorate within the Lower House or Legislative Balcatta is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia. The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. Stirling is an Australian federal electoral division in the inner northern and beachside suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. Duncraig is a large northern suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located north of Perth's Central business district Warwick is a suburb of Perth Western Australia, located within the City of Joondalup. Girrawheen is a northern suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. Carine is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located north of Perth's Central business district (CBD between Marmion Balga is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. The name "Balga" was adopted in 1954 and is the Noongar ( Aboriginal Gwelup is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located 12 km north of Perth's Central business district (CBD along the Balcatta is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Stirling. Westminster is a northern Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. This is a list of Suburbs grouped by local government in Perth, Western Australia. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States A central business district ( CBD) is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface The suburb adjoins two major arterial roads—Mitchell Freeway to the west and Reid Highway to the south—and is within the City of Stirling local government area. Kwinana Freeway Mitchell Freeway is a long major arterial road in Perth, Western Australia linking Perth with the northern suburbs Reid Highway is a major arterial highway in Perth Western Australia. The City of Stirling is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about north Local Government Area (abbreviated LGA) is a term used in Australia (and especially by the Australian Bureau of Statistics) to refer to areas controlled It was built during the late 1960s and 1970s as part of the Government of Western Australia's response to rapidly increasing land prices across the metropolitan area. The formation of the Government of Western Australia is prescribed in its Constitution which dates from 1890 although it has been amended many times since then ^[3][4]

Before development, Hamersley was a remote district covered in jarrah, marri, banksia and other vegetation typical of the Swan Coastal Plain, with small areas cleared for small-scale agriculture such as market gardening and poultry farming. Corymbia calophylla or the Marri (also known as Eucalyptus calophylla (R Banksia is a Genus of around 170 Species in the Plant family Proteaceae. The Swan Coastal Plain in Western Australia is the geographic feature that lies directly west of the Darling Scarp, and which contains the Swan River "Market garden" redirects here For the World War II operation see Operation Market Garden. Poultry is the category of Domesticated Birds which some humans keep for the purpose of collecting their eggs, or kill for their Meat and/or By 1974, six years after the first subdivision, Hamersley was home to the district's first community hall, an annual parade and fair which were broadcast on Perth TV and radio, an active progress association, and its own newspaper, the Hamersley Gazette, a forerunner to today's Stirling Times. Rapid growth further north removed the focus from Hamersley, which was completed in 1981 and has remained relatively stable since then.

Significant reserves of remnant bushland remain in parts of the suburb. The bush is a term used for rural possibly lawless undeveloped land or country areas in many places such as Australia, New Zealand, Sub-Saharan Africa The largest of these is an exclusion zone around the 208 metres (682 ft) high ABC radio tower in the suburb's southeast, which broadcasts AM stations to the Perth metropolitan area. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly abbreviated to the 'ABC' is Australia's national public broadcaster. The guyed tower was built in 1939 and is a landmark in the region, although it has become a local political issue over the past decade. Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed ^[5]

Geography

Location of Hamersley (orange) within the northern suburbs of Perth

Map of Hamersley with roads, major streets and key features marked

Hamersley is in the northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, within the City of Stirling, and 6 kilometres (4 mi) from the Indian Ocean. Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. The City of Stirling is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about north Its borders are the Mitchell Freeway to the west, Reid Highway and the Balcatta industrial area to the south, Wanneroo Road to the east, and Beach Road and the City of Joondalup to the north. Kwinana Freeway Mitchell Freeway is a long major arterial road in Perth, Western Australia linking Perth with the northern suburbs Reid Highway is a major arterial highway in Perth Western Australia. Balcatta is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Stirling. Wanneroo Road is an important arterial road in Perth, Australia. Beach Road is a major east-west Road in the northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, connecting Perth's inner northern beachside suburbs The City of Joondalup is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, centred about The suburb is divided into western and eastern portions by Erindale Road. Erindale Road is a connector road in the northern suburbs of Perth Western Australia, providing residents of the suburbs of Hamersley and Warwick ^[6] Hamersley was one of the first Perth suburbs to be guided by the principles of cul-de-sac design,^[7] and many of its minor streets are joined by parks and pathways. "Dead End Street" redirects here For the song by The Kinks see Dead End Street (song. ^[8]

Hamersley covers 3. 267 square kilometres (807 acres)^[9] and averages 29 metres (95 ft) above sea level, although portions of the loop formed by Rannoch Circle in the eastern portion are 50–55 metres (165–180 ft) above sea level. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U ^[10] A real estate magazine remarked in 1994 that "homes around the Rannoch circle enjoy some spectacular views to the city and the hills", and that "a few lucky householders. . . could even catch ocean glimpses, despite being more than six kilometres from the water. "^[11]

The restricted-access bushland reserve surrounding the ABC radio tower in the suburb's southeast covers 14. 4% (0. 47 km²/117 acres) of its area,^[12] while parks and areas of natural bushland are spread throughout. The largest of these are Aintree-Eglinton Reserve, a 3. 38 hectare (8. Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, 35 acre) grassed reserve next to the community centre complex, and Rannoch-Tay-Earn Reserve, a 4. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U 83 hectare (11. 94 acre) reserve containing large areas of native bushland interspersed with grassed and paved walkways. A biodiversity site north of the community centre is recognised by the City of Stirling's Green Plan 2. ^[13]

Streets in western Hamersley are generally named after English towns, while eastern Hamersley uses the names of Scottish Highland and Perthshire towns and lochs. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Perthshire ( Siorrachd Pheairt in Gaelic) officially the County of Perth, is a Registration county in central Scotland. A loch (usually Lough as a name element outside Scotland) is a body of Water which is either a Lake or There are exceptions - the origins of Vickers Street precinct street names are unknown, while streets in the south-western corner are named after the "Bentley Boys", a group of British racing drivers from the 1920s and 1930s, and their car designer Walter Owen Bentley. The Bentley Boys were a group of gentlemen racers who drove Bentley Sports cars to victory in the 1920s Walter Owen Bentley ( 16 September 1888 – 2 August 1971) often known as W

Natural history

Hamersley's soil is an infertile yellow-brown sand composed of fine to coarse quartz grains, with Tamala Limestone beneath. Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in Tamala Limestone is the geological name given to the widely occurring Eolianite Limestone deposits on the western coastline of Western Australia, between Locally known as Karrakatta Sand, it is almost certainly the leached remnants of coastal sand deposited by eolian processes in the late Pleistocene period, between 11,000 and 100,000 years ago. Aeolian (or Eolian or Æolian) processes pertain to the activity of the Winds and more specifically to the winds' ability to shape the surface of the The Pleistocene ('plaɪstəsin is the epoch from 18 million to 10000 years BP covering the world's recent period Below the sand are Paleozoic rocks of the Perth Basin. The Paleozoic or Palaeozoic Era (from the Greek palaio (παλαιο "old" and zoe (ζωη "life" meaning "ancient life" The Perth Basin is a thick Sedimentary basin in Western Australia. The sand contains an unconfined aquifer with large supplies of low-salinity potable groundwater which is recharged by rainfall. An aquifer is an underground layer of Water -bearing Permeable rock or unconsolidated materials ( Gravel, Sand, Silt, or Clay Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations ^[14]

As with other infertile areas of the Swan Coastal Plain, Hamersley would have supported open forests of Eucalyptus marginata (Jarrah) with Corymbia calophylla (Marri) or Eucalyptus gomphocephala (Tuart), and an understorey of Banksia attenuata (Candlestick Banksia), B. menziesii (Firewood Banksia), B. grandis (Bull Banksia), Allocasuarina fraseriana (Western Sheoak) and Agonis flexuosa (Swan River Peppermint). The Swan Coastal Plain in Western Australia is the geographic feature that lies directly west of the Darling Scarp, and which contains the Swan River Corymbia calophylla or the Marri (also known as Eucalyptus calophylla (R Eucalyptus gomphocephala commonly known as Tuart tree is a species of tree in the genus Eucalyptus. The Candlestick Banksia ( Banksia attenuata) is a Species of Shrub in the Plant Genus Banksia. Banksia menziesii, commonly known as Firewood Banksia, Menzies Banksia or Firewheel Banksia, is a Species of small Tree Banksia grandis, commonly known as Bull Banksia, Giant Banksia or Mangite, is a common and distinctive tree in South West Allocasuarina fraseriana, commonly known as western sheoak, common sheoak or just sheoak, is a Tree in the family Agonis flexuosa, commonly known as Western Australian Peppermint, Swan River Peppermint, Peppermint and Willow Myrtle, is a species The main shrub species would have been Jacksonia sternbergiana (Stinkwood), J. furcellata (Grey Stinkwood), Acacia cyclops (Coastal Wattle), Acacia saligna (Orange Wattle), Hibbertia species, Allocasuarina humilis (Dwarf Sheoak), Calothamnus quadrifidus (One-sided Bottlebrush) and Grevillea thelemanniana (Spider Net Grevillea). Jacksonia sternbergiana, commonly known as Stinkwood or Green Stinkwood, is a Species of Shrub or small Tree that occurs Jacksonia furcellata, commonly known as Grey Stinkwood, is a Species of leafless broom -like Shrub or small Tree that occurs Acacia cyclops, commonly known as red-eyed wattle or western coastal wattle, is a coastal Shrub or small Tree in the family Acacia saligna (Syn Acacia cyanophylla) commonly known by various names including coojong, golden wreath wattle, orange wattle Hibbertia, or Guinea flower is a genus of perennial Shrubs trailing shrubs and climbers of the family Dilleniaceae. Dwarf Sheoak ( Allocasuarina humilis) is a Shrub which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Calothamnus quadrifidus is a shrub from the south-west of Western Australia. The Spider-net Grevillea ( Grevillea thelemanniana) is a small spreading shrub which is endemic to Western Australia. ^[14] Biodiversity surveys in 2006 have also identified a relatively rare species, Jacksonia sericea (Waldjumi), in two eastern Hamersley reserves. Jacksonia sericea, commonly known as Waldjumi, is a Species of low-spreading Shrub or small Tree that occurs in the south west of ^[15]

History

Name

See also: Hamersley family

Hamersley was named after the Hamersley family who arrived in the Swan River Colony in 1837 and established themselves at Guildford. The Hamersley family were a wealthy and well-connected family of early settlers in the Colony of Western Australia. The Hamersley family were a wealthy and well-connected family of early settlers in the Colony of Western Australia. Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829 Guildford, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, was established in 1829 on the Swan River, being sited near a permanent fresh water supply There is no evidence they ever visited modern Hamersley, but in 1869 they built a summer home in what is now North Beach, 6 kilometres (4 mi) to the west, and bought considerable holdings in the area over the following years. North Beach is a northern coastal suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located from Perth's Central business district via ^[16]

The name first came into use to describe the north-western section of the Perth Road District in 1906. The City of Stirling is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about north Hamersley Ward was a large area of land covering what is now Hamersley, Carine, Watermans Bay, North Beach, Gwelup and parts of Balcatta, Karrinyup and Trigg. Carine is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located north of Perth's Central business district (CBD between Marmion Watermans Bay is a northern coastal suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. North Beach is a northern coastal suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located from Perth's Central business district via Gwelup is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located 12 km north of Perth's Central business district (CBD along the Balcatta is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Stirling. Karrinyup is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located 12 km north of Perth's Central business district. Trigg is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Stirling. The Hamersley townsite, consisting of Hamersley Ward, was gazetted in 1945. ^[17] As a result, many facilities in North Beach, including a primary school, a golf course, several sporting clubs and residents' and seniors' associations, were called Hamersley. After the Hamersley Development Scheme started in 1968, confusion as to exactly what Hamersley referred to led to conflict between established organisations in North Beach and emerging ones in Hamersley - the Hamersley Gazette noted in 1973 that "North Beach people have the prior claim but ours is more officially accepted". ^[18]

The suburb was gazetted as a locality by the City of Stirling on 24 October 1975, although it had existed as a postal locality since 1971. Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[19]

Early history

The ABC radio tower in Hamersley

Before European settlement, Hamersley was part of a larger area of land that was occupied by the Mooro people, an Indigenous Australian people who traversed the lakes and wetlands running parallel to the coast between what is now Perth and Yanchep. The Mooro were a Nyungar Indigenous clan who lived in and to the north of Perth, Western Australia, until shortly after European settlement at Indigenous Australians are descendants of the first known human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. Yanchep is an outer northern suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia. ^[20]

Soon after the establishment of the Swan River Colony, colonial authorities divided up the land into grants which were given to settlers who had brought capital and to the new settlement. Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829 Southern Hamersley became part of Location K, a 2,585 hectare (6,388 acre) strip of land extending 19 kilometres (12 mi) west from Caversham on the Swan River to Big Carine Swamp, which was granted to Robert Ansell Partridge in September 1829. Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U Caversham is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located in the City of Swan. The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. ^[21] The western part of this, first surveyed by P. L. S. Chauncy in 1843,^[22] remained fairly inaccessible, and the only development in the area was the construction of the Daviot Park cottage on Old Balcatta Road 500 metres (0. 31 mi) southwest of Hamersley. ^[23] By the late 1930s, portions in the far west and south-east of the suburb had been cleared for small-scale agriculture such as market gardening,^[24] and in 1939 the Department of the Interior constructed a 208 metre (682 ft) tower and other facilities for ABC AM and shortwave radio broadcasts on Wanneroo Road. Shortwave Radio operates between the frequencies of 3000 KHz (3 Wanneroo Road is an important arterial road in Perth, Australia. ^[5]

Northern Hamersley, meanwhile, became part of Swan Location 1315, which extended north to Lake Goollelal and west to the coast and was granted in the 1890s to the Midland Railway Company^[25] after being surveyed by Crossland & Co. Swan Land District is one of the land districts of Western Australia, which is located within the South West Division. in 1892, and by N. Lymburner in 1894. ^[22] It appears that no development occurred in northern Hamersley, other than the construction of Beach and Carine Roads in 1900, and the State Housing Commission resumed the land in November 1950. ^[26] In 1962, a lucerne grower with a property on Duffy Road, Carine applied to use the northern half of the suburb as a sheep run. Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) is a flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop A sheep station is a large property ( station, the equivalent of a Ranch) in Australia or New Zealand whose main activity is the raising The Shire President, Herbert R. Robinson, refused to grant permission, saying that "land might soon be needed for housing". ^[27] The West Australian reported in 1967 that the area was still "virtually untouched bushland". ^[28]

Hamersley Development Scheme

Main article: Hamersley Development Scheme

Land use map of Hamersley in 1968

In the late 1960s, concern about the growth of land prices in the Perth metropolitan area, which for several years had exceeded the consumer price index, led to the Premier of Western Australia, David Brand, convening an inter-departmental committee to study the problem. The Hamersley Development Scheme was conceived in 1967 and built over the ensuing years as part of a major effort by the Government of Western Australia to force down CPI redirects here For other uses see CPI (disambiguation. A consumer price index ( CPI) is a measure of the average price of consumer The Premier of Western Australia is the head of the executive government in the Australian State of Western Australia. Sir David Brand KCMG ( 1 August 1912 &ndash 15 April 1979) was Premier of Western Australia from 1959&ndash1971 and a One of the committee's recommendations to Cabinet was to release 300 hectares of land owned by the State Housing Commission in Hamersley, Warwick and Greenwood which was on a much larger area that had been designated as "deferred urban" land under the Metropolitan Region Scheme in 1963. Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, ^[29] On 13 December 1967, the Metropolitan Region Planning Authority decided to rezone as urban all land bounded by Hepburn Avenue, Marmion Avenue, North Perimeter Highway and Wanneroo Road, on the condition that subdivision would be approved when "Town Planning (Development) Scheme(s) have been approved with the general object of serving the best possible development at the least cost to the community". Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Hepburn Avenue is an arterial east-west road in Perth, Australia. Marmion Avenue is a major arterial road in Perth Western Australia. Reid Highway is a major arterial highway in Perth Western Australia. Wanneroo Road is an important arterial road in Perth, Australia. Subdivision is the act of dividing land into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise develop usually via a Plat. ^[30][28]

The Shires of Perth and Wanneroo combined to prepare Town Planning Scheme No. 26 (Hamersley Development Scheme),^[31] and by early March 1968, the scheme, which included provisions for water supply, sewerage, drainage, road construction and undergrounding of power mains, was presented to both councils for consideration. The Hamersley Development Scheme was conceived in 1967 and built over the ensuing years as part of a major effort by the Government of Western Australia to force down Water supply is the process of self-provision or provision by third parties of water of various qualities to different users Undergrounding refers to the replacement of overhead Cables providing electrical power or Telecommunications, with underground cables Electricity distribution is the penultimate stage in the delivery (before retail) of Electricity to end users A time limit of 3½ years for developers to construct homes on released land was built into the scheme in an effort to prevent land speculation, which the inter-departmental committee believed was a key factor in spiralling prices in Perth. Speculation, in a financial context is making an investment that increases the overall risk in a portfolio ^[4][32] By July, however, negotiations between the councils broke down, and the Shire of Perth (now City of Stirling) decided to administer its own part of the scheme independently. The City of Stirling is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about north ^[33] The scheme was divided into nine sections, with what is now the suburb of Hamersley being the first stage.

In April 1968 the R&I Bank, a government-owned bank, was granted permission to subdivide a small area in northern Ardleigh Crescent in the suburb's west. Bank of Western Australia (commonly known as BankWest) is a full service bank based in Perth, Western Australia. ^[34] The first auction of 80 lots on Saturday, 14 December 1968 was anticipated on the front page of The West Australian, with Premier Brand advising intending buyers to be cautious about their bids. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The West Australian (often simply called The West) is the only locally-edited daily newspaper published in Perth Western Australia, and is owned by ^[35] At the auction, 76 lots were sold at an average price of $4,784, compared to $6,700 at a recent R&I Bank sale in the nearby suburb of Karrinyup, with newspapers agreeing that the Premier's warning had been heeded by bidders. The Australian dollar ( sign: $; code: AUD) is the Currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including Christmas Karrinyup is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located 12 km north of Perth's Central business district. ^[36]

The western portion of Hamersley grew steadily over the following months and years, with segments being released, auctioned and developed by the R&I Bank, T&S Plunkett Homes and Parkland Housing. The Hamersley Development Scheme, however, was doomed almost before it started. Disagreements over issues such as undergrounding of power and the time limit clauses between the Town Planning Board and the Shire of Perth had caused delays in the scheme's approval. In July 1970, the Shire Planner reported that "there is little point in proceeding with the Scheme, especially in view of the large areas already subdivided", and recommended the council agree "that for all practical purposes, Town Planning Scheme No. 26. is defunct". ^[37] By the February 1971 state election, over 1,000 eligible voters lived in the district. ^[38]

Suburban development

View southeast from Rannoch Circle towards the Perth CBD

In June 1970, the Metropolitan Region Planning Authority released land in the southwestern corner of Hamersley, which had previously been held in reserve under the Metropolitan Region Scheme for a large freeway interchange between the future Mitchell Freeway (then known as Stephenson Freeway) and Reid Highway (North Perimeter Freeway). Kwinana Freeway Mitchell Freeway is a long major arterial road in Perth, Western Australia linking Perth with the northern suburbs Reid Highway is a major arterial highway in Perth Western Australia. ^[39] The result of these changes was to allow the construction of Walter Way, Dutton Crescent and connecting streets, which were named after racing drivers from the 1920s and 1930s.

Between 1971 and 1973, reserves, public recreation areas and drainage sites were set aside in western Hamersley, and facilities were erected in quick succession - the 1st Hamersley Scout Group in 1973, the colonial-style Holy Cross Anglican Church in 1974,^[40] and a community hall at Aintree Street in 1975. The Scout Group is the local organisation for Scouting in most countries where it is active The Anglican Church of Australia, a member church of the Anglican Communion, was previously officially known as the Church of England in Australia and Tasmania (renamed ^[41] Residents in the region were at this time on the fringe of Perth's suburban area, relying on partly-built main roads, distant shopping centres and overstretched local facilities for several years after the suburb's construction. A locally-produced fortnightly newspaper, the Hamersley Gazette, started in early 1973 by Peter Flanigan, from his home in Manton Court, covering the suburbs of Carine, Hamersley, Warwick and Greenwood, with the open aim of helping to form community associations and campaign for better facilities. ^[42] A July 1973 article, for example, lamented that "work on Erindale Road appears to have come to a standstill. . . great piles of dirt and unmade road surfaces bear testimony to the fact that something is going on, or should be going on, but this one is taking a very long time. "^[43]

However, there were also celebrations — the paper reported in detail on the annual Glendale Spring Fair, held between 1973 and 1976 by the Glendale P&C Association on the second Saturday in November. Australian State Schools, both primary and high, are supported by their Parents and Citizens Associations It included activities for children, marching bands provided by The Salvation Army and the Australian 10th Light Horse Regiment, and a parade along Glendale Avenue and Beach Road at 10:30 a. The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. m. Intended originally as a fundraiser for the school, the Gazette reported that it was "a sort of glorified féte that rapidly outgrew its origins", with live coverage of the parade on ABC radio and on television station TVW-7 and personalities such as Jeff Newman in attendance. 720 ABC Perth is an ABC radio station located in Perth Western Australia. This article is about the television station in Perth Western Australia Jeff Newman OAM is the Seven Network 's Weather Presenter in Perth. The fair, however, became the victim of a dispute over naming rights between the Glendale P&C, community groups and commercial sponsors. ^[44] Other events included the grand opening of Warwick Grove Shopping Centre on 13 November 1974,^[45] the greening of Aintree-Eglinton Reserve^[46] and the activities of the Hamersley Progress Association. Events 1002 - English king Ethelred orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The paper was acquired in February 1977 by Bill Marwick of the Wanneroo Times, and evolved into the Stirling Times in 1980.

Rannoch-Tay-Earn Reserve, looking northwest along the former Carine Road

Meanwhile, work was only starting in eastern Hamersley. In 1973 Project Homes acquired a poultry farm and agricultural holding, and completed the construction of Vickers Street and adjoining roads, with Don Place becoming a display village. ^[47] In 1974 the City of Stirling agreed, after complex negotiations, to sell 4. 2 hectares of land comprising Carine Road and Allen Street to the State Housing Commission and to War Service Homes in order to "facilitate a satisfactory subdivisional design of adjoining land held by the State Housing Commission" in the eastern portion of the suburb. All that remains of these two early roads are paved pathways within the Rannoch-Tay-Earn Reserve, which was gazetted in 1976. ^[48] By July 1975, 200 defence service homes were under construction on land immediately to the east of Erindale Road, to be made available to veterans from March 1976. ^[49] The rest of eastern Hamersley was built over the next few years, and by 1981 development was essentially complete. ^[50] The community hall was redeveloped into a fully-fledged community centre, which officially opened in 1990. ^[51]

Despite Hamersley's stability in the years since 1981 and its relatively low crime rate,^[52] it has periodically drawn the attention of the Perth media. In July 2000, a man bludgeoned his former girlfriend, mother-of-two Deborah Boyd, to death in a rented home in Brabant Way. He was subsequently sentenced to strict-security life imprisonment. ^[53] On 23 January 2006, a large scrub fire caused the closure of Reid Highway and delays in rail line services during the afternoon rush hour. Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Rush hour at Shinjuku 02JPG|thumb|right|250px|Rush hour at Shinjuku Station, Yamanote Line]] A rush hour or peak hour is a part of the day during which ^[54]

Demographics

At the ABS 2006 census, Hamersley had a population of 4,965 people. The Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS) is Australia 's national statistical agency. The Australian census is administered by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every five years ^[1] This was a decline of 263 people from the 2001 census,^[55] and a decline of 622 people from the 1996 census. ^[9]

Hamersley residents had a median age of 39, compared to the Perth average of 36. ^[56] Median incomes in Hamersley were above average for the region and for Perth—$545 per week compared with $526 and $513 per week respectively; however, 21. 20% had incomes above $1,000 per week, compared with 22. 94% regionally and 22. 93% across Perth. The 2001 Census figures put Hamersley's unemployment rate at 1. 0% below the Perth average. Industry sectors in which Hamersley residents worked (2001) were comparable with those in Perth generally, with the largest proportions working in retail trade (16. 29%), property and business services (11. 35%), health and community services (11. 03%) and manufacturing (9. 68%). However, a higher proportion were employed by the education (7. 80%), government administration and defence (5. 19%) and utilities sectors (1. 31%) than elsewhere.

According to the City of Stirling, most of Hamersley's 2,084 dwellings are brick homes with an average lot size of 750 m². A brick is a block of Ceramic material used in Masonry construction laid using mortar. ^[7] At the 2006 census, the median monthly housing loan repayments in Hamersley were about $1100—slightly lower than both the region and Perth generally ($1300). However, 40. 9% of Hamersley's dwellings were fully-owned, compared to 29. 6% across the whole of Perth. In the year to March 2007, Hamersley's median house price was $432,500 versus $431,500 for the whole of Perth. ^[2]

The population of Hamersley is predominantly Australian-born, with some 69. 4% of its residents being born in Australia as at the 2006 census. The second most prevalent birthplace was the United Kingdom at 10. Anglo-Celtic Australian is an Ethnic or cultural category used to describe Australians with British and/or Irish ancestral origins 02%. 6. 28% of Hamersley's population reported one or both parents of Italian birth, with the strongest concentration in the Vickers Street district (15. Italian Australians are one of the largest Ethnic groups in Australia. 32%). ^[57] Other significant minorities included those of Macedonian (1. Macedonian Australians are Australians of ethnic Macedonian descent 95%), Chinese (1. A Chinese Australian is an Australian of Chinese heritage In the 2006 Australian Census, 669890 Australian residents (or 3 65%) and Greek (1. Greeks are the seventh-largest ethnic group in Australia, after those declaring their ancestry simply as "Australian" 23%) heritage.

The most popular religious affiliations in descending order in the 2006 census were Roman Catholic, no religion, Anglican, Uniting, Orthodox and "Christian nfd". See also Catholic Church, Christianity in Australia The Catholic Church in Australia is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual The Anglican Church of Australia, a member church of the Anglican Communion, was previously officially known as the Church of England in Australia and Tasmania (renamed The Uniting Church in Australia ( UCA) was formed on June 22 1977 when many congregations of the Methodist Church of Australasia, The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world ^[1] The Holy Cross Anglican Church is in the suburb, while the All Saints Catholic Church is in neighbouring Warwick and Uniting Churches are in Carine and Greenwood. Warwick is a suburb of Perth Western Australia, located within the City of Joondalup.

Amenities and facilities

Hamersley community centre, with sports hall (left) and centre (right)

Aintree-Eglinton Reserve in western Hamersley

Hamersley is a residential suburb, relying on the Centro Warwick (formerly Warwick Grove) shopping centre on its northern boundary for commercial services, and is 7 kilometres (4 mi) by road from Karrinyup Shopping Centre. Centro Warwick is a major shopping centre in Warwick, a suburb of Perth in western Australia Karrinyup Shopping Centre is a major shopping centre located in Karrinyup, a suburb of Perth, that was established in 1973 A light industrial area is to the south in Balcatta which includes a large Bunnings Warehouse on Erindale Road approximately 200 metres (660 ft) south of Hamersley. Balcatta is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Stirling. Bunnings Warehouse is the Southern hemisphere 's largest Hardware chain with 223 stores Australia and New Zealand.

Aintree-Eglinton Reserve, a grassed area covering 3. 38 hectares (8. 36 acres), contains a cricket pitch, several practice runs and night lights for Australian rules football, which are utilised by local amateur and junior clubs. A Cricket pitch is the central strip of the Cricket field between the Wickets The pitch is 1 chain or 22 yards (20 Australian (rules football, or simply known as football, footy or Aussie rules, is a Team sport played between two teams of 18 players ^[58] Within the reserve is the Hamersley Community Recreation Centre, first built in the 1970s as a community hall^[41] and opened in its present form on 22 April 1990. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) ^[51] The centre is a small village area consisting of a central pergola crossed with walking paths, flanked by four buildings: a sports hall with basketball courts and kiosk, an arts and crafts building, a community hall and function building hosting discos and other social events, and a purpose-built children's centre. A pergola is a Garden feature forming a shaded walk or passageway of pillars that support cross beams and a sturdy open lattice upon which woody vines are trained Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m A discothèque, diskoˈtɛk̚ compare the Spanish "discoteca" is an Entertainment venue or Club with recorded music played by "Discaires" ^[59] Near the centre are the 1st Hamersley Scout Group, a child health centre and the Holy Cross Anglican Church, a colonial-style building built and consecrated in 1974 to serve the newly formed Balcatta-Hamersley Parish. ^[40]

Numerous small parks are throughout all parts of Hamersley, usually joining the ends of several cul-de-sacs and in some cases containing wooden benches or children's play equipment. "Dead End Street" redirects here For the song by The Kinks see Dead End Street (song. The Rannoch-Tay-Earn reserve in eastern Hamersley also contains two barbecues. barbeque block party Kansas cityjpg|thumb|right|275px|A barbecue on a trailer at a Block party in Kansas City.

The southeastern corner contains the ABC 50 kW radio tower which transmits ABC AM radio in Perth, including ABC Local Radio (6WF), Radio National and ABC NewsRadio. 720 ABC Perth is an ABC radio station located in Perth Western Australia. The watt (symbol W) is the SI derived unit of power, equal to one Joule of energy per Second. ABC Local Radio is a network of publicly owned Radio stations in Australia, operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 720 ABC Perth is an ABC radio station located in Perth Western Australia. ABC Radio National is an Australia-wide Radio network broadcast by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation with many various programs involving News and ABC NewsRadio is an Australian Broadcasting Corporation radio service devoted to delivering live and 24-hour news updates and information ^[60] Several other towers, including a 20 kW and 10 kW tower, also are at the site. Some residents argue that electromagnetic interference from the towers is adversely affecting their television and telephone reception,^[5] with the issue taken up in Federal parliament by local MPs. ^[61]

Education

Hamersley contains two state primary schools, each of which includes facilities for pre-primary students, and a teaching resource centre. Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of states and territories. Hamersley is within the catchment area for Warwick Senior High School for students from Years 8 to 12. Warwick Senior High School is a Co-educational government school in the northern Suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. ^[6]

Glendale Primary School, fronted by Xanthorrhoea trees

Hamersley's first school, Glendale Primary School in Glendale Avenue, opened in 1971 in the western portion of the suburb. The school and neighbouring kindergarten quickly became overcrowded as their catchment area initially extended to Hepburn Avenue, taking in Warwick and Greenwood to its north. In Human geography: a catchment area is the area and population from which a city or individual service attracts visitors or customers Hepburn Avenue is an arterial east-west road in Perth, Australia. Warwick is a suburb of Perth Western Australia, located within the City of Joondalup. Greenwood, is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located in the City of Joondalup. As schools were built in those suburbs in 1974–1976, congestion eased considerably. The school and kindergarten were also used as a hall and meeting place by residents and groups until the recreation centre opened in April 1975. In 2006, the school provided for 207 primary students between Year 1 and Year 7, and 35 pre-primary students. ^[62]

From 1976 onward, the eastern portion of the suburb developed, and East Hamersley Primary School, in Doon Way, opened in February 1979. In 2006, the school provided for 96 primary, 16 pre-primary and 16 kindergarten students. Computer studies and Indonesian language are required subjects for students from Years 3 to 7. Indonesian or Bahasa Indonesia, based on the Riau version of Malay language, was declared the official language with the declaration of ^[62] In the 1990s, the West Coast Resource Centre, a specialist borrowing library for teachers of kindergarten, pre-primary and primary classes, was built on the East Hamersley site by the Department of Education (now Education and Training) to serve schools in the northern suburbs.

Transport

Cars are the preferred mode of transport in the suburb. Transport in Australia is a highly significant part of the infrastructure of the Australian economy since the distances are large and the country has a relatively low population At the 2001 census, the Australian Bureau of Statistics reported that 70. The Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS) is Australia 's national statistical agency. 72% of Hamersley's residents were drivers or passengers of cars in their commute to work,^[1] a figure only slightly lower than the north metropolitan average of 71. 29%. ^[56] Other private modes of transport included motorcycling (0. 69%), cycling (0. 65%) and walking (0. 69%). The low number of walking commuters compared to the north metropolitan average of 1. 09% and the Perth Statistical Region average of 1. 81% is most likely due to the limited number of workplaces within walking distance.

Hamersley is situated at the intersection of several key arterial roads and highways. An arterial road is a moderate or high-capacity Road which is immediately below a Highway Level of service. It is connected to North Beach (7 km), Scarborough (10 km) and Perth Airport (22 km) via Reid Highway, to the Perth CBD (15 km) and to Joondalup (17 km) via Reid Highway and Mitchell Freeway, and to the Balcatta industrial area and Karrinyup Shopping Centre (7 km) by Erindale Road. North Beach is a northern coastal suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located from Perth's Central business district via Scarborough is a western Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its local government area is the City of Stirling. Perth Airport is an Australian domestic and international Airport located south of Guildford Western Australia, and is the major commercial airport Reid Highway is a major arterial highway in Perth Western Australia. Joondalup is a northern suburb and regional city in Perth, Western Australia. Kwinana Freeway Mitchell Freeway is a long major arterial road in Perth, Western Australia linking Perth with the northern suburbs Erindale Road is a connector road in the northern suburbs of Perth Western Australia, providing residents of the suburbs of Hamersley and Warwick ^[63] Traffic within Hamersley is distributed by a number of backbone streets, of which the main ones are Eglinton Crescent, Belvedere Road, Rannoch Circle, Blissett Way and Vickers Street.

However, the controlled access highways on Hamersley's southern and western boundaries physically isolate the suburb from its neighbours and limit southbound exits to just two, Erindale Road and Wanneroo Road. A limited-access road or controlled-access road is a Road to which access from adjacent properties is limited in some way This results in considerable rush hour congestion on the stretch of Erindale Road between Eglinton Crescent and Reid Highway. In 2004, Main Roads Western Australia provided a grant of $48,000 to the City of Stirling under its Black Spot Programme to improve the traffic flow in this area. ^[64]

Public transport

Public transport in Hamersley is generally in the form of Transperth buses operated by Path Transit from the Warwick railway station at its northwestern corner, linking via the Joondalup railway line to the Perth CBD. Transperth is the brand name of the public transport system in Perth, Western Australia. Path Transit is a transport company operating 320 buses in Perth, Australia since 1996. Warwick Train Station is a Transperth train station 13km from Perth Train Station, in Western Australia. History The line initially opened as the Joondalup Line was completed on 20 December 1992 as a major capital works project started by the Dowding Labor government A central business district ( CBD) is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city

At the 2001 census, the Australian Bureau of Statistics reported that 8. The Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS) is Australia 's national statistical agency. 85% of Hamersley's residents used public transport to get to work. ^[1] Although this percentage had declined from 9. 22% in the 1996 census,^[9] it was still higher than the north metropolitan average of 8. 04%. ^[56] Public transport usage was highest (14. 71%) in the section of Hamersley closest to the train station, and lowest (2. 50%) in the Vickers Street section to the southeast, where many residents live more than 10 minutes' walk from the nearest bus stop. ^[57]

During the morning and evening rush hour, the 449 route service ferries passengers along Erindale Road and Eglinton Crescent to and from Warwick railway station. Between 8:00 a. m. and 4:00 p. m. , the 347 route, an hourly bus between Warwick and Perth via Wanneroo Road, covers the same area, while a number of routes travel along Beach Road to Centro Warwick, and the 427 travels along Beach and Erindale Roads. Wellington Street Bus Station is a Transperth bus station It is located next to Perth Station, in Western Australia. Wanneroo Road is an important arterial road in Perth, Australia. Centro Warwick is a major shopping centre in Warwick, a suburb of Perth in western Australia The 457 route provides after-hours and weekend services along Erindale Road and Eglinton Crescent. ^[65]

Eastern Hamersley does not have a direct service, other than those along Erindale and Wanneroo Roads. However, service along Wanneroo Road is very limited outside standard weekday hours. ^[66]

Originally, Hamersley was served by a shuttle service to Wanneroo Road, Nollamara, to connect with other routes to the Perth CBD. Nollamara is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Its Local Government Area is the City of Stirling. In September 1973, the Metropolitan Transport Trust introduced the 358 and 359 services, which linked Greenwood to Perth via Eglinton Crescent and Glendale Avenue/Aintree Street respectively, traveling along Blissett Way, then becoming limited-stops Wanneroo Road services. Greenwood, is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located in the City of Joondalup. An after-hours service, the 369, was also introduced. ^[67] In 1987, following the construction of the Warwick Transfer Station and the Mitchell Freeway, services along Glendale Avenue and through East Hamersley ceased, with two new routes — the present-day 347 and the Freeway-bound 387 — being created to serve Eglinton Crescent. ^[68]

On 21 March 1993, the Joondalup railway line came into operation as part of the Northern Suburbs Transit System, resulting in the creation of the 449 and 457 services to replace the 387 service. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The Northern Suburbs Transit System is the name given to the project initiated and funded by the Government of Western Australia to provide high-speed Passenger ^[69]

Politics

Graph of Liberal (blue) vs ALP (red) two-party-preferred results at federal level, 1984-2004, and state level, 1977-2005

Hamersley has consistently favoured the centre-right Liberal Party at both federal and state elections throughout its history. The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian political party. However, in the last two state elections, Hamersley booths recorded a majority for the centre-left Australian Labor Party (ALP). Hamersley has also shown a higher preference than the regional average for progressive minor parties such as the Australian Greens and Australian Democrats. The Australian Greens, commonly known as The Greens, is a Green Australian political party. The Australian Democrats is an Australian Political party espousing a centrist or Social liberal ideology Hamersley is both socially and geographically between the safe Liberal suburbs west of the Mitchell Freeway such as Carine, Duncraig and North Beach, and the safe Labor suburbs east of Wanneroo Road such as Balga and Girrawheen. Kwinana Freeway Mitchell Freeway is a long major arterial road in Perth, Western Australia linking Perth with the northern suburbs Carine is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located north of Perth's Central business district (CBD between Marmion Duncraig is a large northern suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located north of Perth's Central business district North Beach is a northern coastal suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, and is located from Perth's Central business district via Wanneroo Road is an important arterial road in Perth, Australia. Balga is a Suburb of Perth, Western Australia. The name "Balga" was adopted in 1954 and is the Noongar ( Aboriginal Girrawheen is a northern suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia.

At federal level, Hamersley is within the Division of Stirling, a marginal seat which historically has alternated between the Liberal Party and the Australian Labor Party. Stirling is an Australian federal electoral division in the inner northern and beachside suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. A marginal seat is a Constituency held with a particularly small majority in a legislative Election conducted under a single-winner rather than It has been held since 2004 by Michael Keenan of the Liberal Party. ^[70] At polling place and subdivision level, Hamersley has supported the Liberal Party at every election since its first in 1972,^[71] although in the 2001 election, the booth at East Hamersley Primary School was only won by the Liberal Party with a 0. Federal elections were held in Australia on 10 November, 2001. 32% two-party-preferred majority. Hamersley was in the Division of Cowan for elections held between 1984 and 1996. The Division of Cowan is an Australian Electoral Division in Western Australia.

In the Western Australian Legislative Assembly, Hamersley is presently (2007) within the electorate of Balcatta. The Legislative Assembly, or lower house is one of the two chambers of parliament in the Australian state of Western Australia. Balcatta is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia. It has been held since its recreation in 2005 by John Kobelke of the Australian Labor Party. At polling place level, Hamersley supported the Liberal Party at every election since its first in 1971^[72] until the 1996 election. In both the 2001^[73] and 2005^[74] elections, polling places in Hamersley, as with those in many northern Perth suburbs, switched to the Australian Labor Party at state level.

At local level, Hamersley is represented within the City of Stirling by the two councillors of the Hamersley Ward, which covers the suburbs of Carine, Hamersley, Gwelup and northern Balcatta. The City of Stirling is a Local Government Area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about north ^[75] At present, Ron Sebrechts, whose term expires in October 2009, and Peter Rose JP, whose term expires in October 2011, represent Hamersley Ward.

In the early 1970s, the Hamersley Progress Association was formed to represent the views of Hamersley residents to all levels of government. It was, however, fairly short-lived. ^[76] In 1999, the Hamersley Reference Group was formed to advise then-Federal Member for Stirling Jann McFarlane MHR on issues related to the ABC radio transmission towers and their effect on local residents. Jann Sonya McFarlane (born 22 May 1944) Australian politician was an Australian Labor Party member of the Australian House of Representatives It was renamed to Radio Interference Group - Hamersley Towers after it moved to complete community management, and lobbies the government and makes submissions to public inquiries on behalf of the community on the issue. ^[5]

Polling place statistics are presented below combining the votes from the Glendale and East Hamersley polling places in the federal and state elections as indicated.

References

External links

• Hamersley, Western Australia is at coordinates 31°51′07″S 115°48′22″E / -31.852, 115.806 (Hamersley, Western Australia)Coordinates: 31°51′07″S 115°48′22″E / -31.852, 115.806 (Hamersley, Western Australia)
• Zoning map covering Carine and Hamersley (City of Stirling)
• Hamersley. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Gazetteer of Australia online. The Gazetteer of Australia is a register of the location and spelling of geographical names across Australia. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government. Geoscience Australia is an agency of the Australian federal government.