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For other uses, see Hamburg (disambiguation).
Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg
Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
Flag Coat of arms
Coat of arms of Hamburg
Details
Location
Map of Germany, location of Hamburg highlighted
Coordinates 53°35′00″N 9°59′00″E / 53.583333, 9.983333Coordinates: 53°35′00″N 9°59′00″E / 53.583333, 9.983333
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Administration
Country Flag of Germany Germany
NUTS Region Flag of Europe DE6
First Mayor Ole von Beust (CDU)
Governing parties CDU / Alliance '90/The Greens
Votes in Bundesrat 3 (of 69)
Basic statistics
Area  755 km² (292 sq mi)
Population 1,769,117 (10/2007)[1]
 - Density 2,343 /km² (6,069 /sq mi)
Other information
GDP/ Nominal € 86,153 billion (2006)
Postal codes 20001–21149, 22001–22769
Area codes 040
Licence plate code HH
Website hamburg.de

Hamburg (German language: pronounced [ˈhambʊɐk], local pronunciation [ˈhambʊɐç] Low German/Low Saxon: Hamborg [ˈhaˑmbɔːχ], English: [ˈhæmbəˑg]) is the second-largest city in Germany (after Berlin) and along with Hamburg Harbour, its central port, Hamburg is also the second-largest port in Europe (after Rotterdam), ninth-largest port in the world, and the most populous city in the European Union which is not a national capital. The coat of arms of the German state and city of Hamburg is a kind of a National emblem. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, ( NUTS) for the French nomenclature d'unités territoriales statistiques, is a Geocode The following is a chronological list of mayors of Hamburg, a City-state in Germany. Carl-Friedrich Arp Ole Freiherr von Beust, generally called Ole von Beust, born April 13 1955, in Hamburg, Germany, has been The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. The Bundesrat ("federal council" or "upper house of German parliament" is the representation of the 16 Federal States ( Bundesländer) of Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Low German or Low Saxon (in Germany: Plattdüütsch or Nedderdüütsch; in Netherlands: Nedersaksisch or Nederduuts West Low German (also known as Low Saxon) is a group of Low German dialects spoken in western portions of the German state of Lower Saxony Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. ||-| |}The Port of Hamburg is a Seaport and deep water Harbour off the North Sea, on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany Rotterdam (pronounced) is the 2nd-largest City by population in the Netherlands, located in the province of This is a list of the largest cities in the European Union by population within city limits. The city contains an approximate 1. 8 million inhabitants.

Hamburg's proper name is the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (German: Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg). The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. It makes reference to Hamburg's membership in the medieval Hanseatic League and also to the fact that Hamburg is a city-state and one of the sixteen Federal States of Germany. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade A city-state is a Region controlled exclusively by a City, usually having Sovereignty. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular

Hamburg is located on the southern point of the Jutland Peninsula, directly between Continental Europe to its south, Scandinavia to its north, the North Sea to its west, and the Baltic Sea to its east. This article is about the region of Denmark. For the World War I naval battle see Battle of Jutland. Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the Continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Hamburg is located in the position where the River Elbe meets with the rivers Alster and Bille. The Elbe ( die Elbe Low German: de Ilv) is one of the major Rivers of Central Europe. The Alster is a 53 km long right tributary of the river Elbe in Northern Germany. The river Bille is a small slow-flowing river in Stormarn, Schleswig-Holstein, a right tributary of the Elbe. The central city area is situated around the Binnenalster ("Inner Alster") and the Außenalster ("Outer Alster") both of which are lakes. Binnenalster or Inner Alster Lake is one of two Artificial lakes within the city limits of Hamburg, Germany, which are formed by the river Alster Außenalster or Outer Alster Lake is one of two Artificial lakes within the city limits of Hamburg, Germany, which are formed by the river Alster The island of Neuwerk and two other islands in the North Sea are also part of Hamburg, forming the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park. Neuwerk (3 km², 36 inhabitants is a Wadden Sea island on the German North Sea coast The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The Wadden Sea National Parks are located along the German coast of the North Sea.

Hamburg is a world-renowned centre of commerce, especially within Northern Germany. It is also a city of diverse cultures, all of which are accepted within the city.

Contents

History

Hamburg in 1800.
Hamburg in 1800.

The city takes its name from the first permanent building on the site, a castle ordered to be built by Emperor Charlemagne in 808 AD. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The castle was built on rocky ground in a marsh between the Alster and the Elbe as a defense against Slavic incursion. The castle was named Hammaburg, where "burg" means "castle". The "Hamma" element remains uncertain. Old High German includes both a hamma, "angle" and a hamme, "pastureland". The angle might refer to a spit of land or to the curvature of a river. However, the language spoken might not have been Old High German, as Low Saxon was spoken there later. Other theories hold that the castle was named for a surrounding Hamma forest, or for the village of Hamm, later incorporated into the city. Hamm as a place name occurs a number of times in Germany, but its meaning is equally uncertain. It could be related to "heim" and Hamburg could have been placed in the territory of the ancient Chamavi. The Chamavi were a Germanic tribe of Late Antiquity and the European Dark Age. However, a derivation of "home city" is perhaps too direct, as the city was named after the castle. Another theory is that Hamburg comes from ham which is Old Saxon for shore.

In 834 Hamburg was designated the seat of a bishopric, whose first bishop, Ansgar, became known as the Apostle of the North. Saint Ansgar, Anskar or Oscar, ( September 8 ? 801 &ndash February 3, 865) was an Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen. In 845 a fleet of 600 Viking ships came up the River Elbe and destroyed Hamburg, at that time a town of around 500 inhabitants. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Two years later, Hamburg was united with Bremen as the bishopric of Hamburg-Bremen. The Archdiocese of Bremen is a historical Roman Catholic diocese and a former eccesiastical state in the Holy Roman Empire.

seal of 1245.

In 983, the town was destroyed by King Mstivoj of the Obodrites. Mistivir, Mistiuis, Mistui, Mistuwoi, Mistiwoi, Mystiwoi, Mistivoj, and Mstivoj (died circa 995 baptised The Obotrites (Abodriten also commonly known as the Obodrites, Abotrites, or Abodrites, were a confederation of medieval West Slavic tribes In 1030, the city was burned down by King Mieszko II Lambert of Poland. This article is about a Polish king See also Duke Mieszko II the Fat. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland After further raids in 1066 and 1072 the bishop permanently moved to Bremen. Hamburg had several great fires, notably in 1284 and 1842.

The charter in 1189 by Frederick I "Barbarossa" granted Hamburg the status of an Imperial Free City and tax-free access up the Lower Elbe into the North Sea. Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 &ndash 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned In the Holy Roman Empire, a free imperial city (in German: freie Reichsstadt) was a City formally ruled by the Emperor only &mdash This charter, along with Hamburg's proximity to the main trade routes of the North Sea and Baltic Sea, quickly made it a major port in Northern Europe. Northern Europe is a term for the northern part of Europe. The United Nations defines Northern Europe as (Finland Its trade alliance with Lübeck in 1241 marks the origin and core of the powerful Hanseatic League of trading cities. Lübeck ( is the second largest City in Schleswig-Holstein, in Northern Germany, and one of the major

In 1529 the city embraced Lutheranism, and Hamburg subsequently received Protestant refugees from the Netherlands and France. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Hamburg was at times under Danish sovereignty while remaining part of the Holy Roman Empire as an Imperial Free City. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in

Briefly annexed by Napoleon I (1810–14), Hamburg suffered severely during his last campaign in Germany. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The city was besieged for over a year by Allied forces (mostly Russian, Swedish and German). Russian forces under General Bennigsen finally freed the city in 1814. Levin August Gottlieb Theophil ( Leonty Leontyevich) Count von Bennigsen ( February 10 1745 - December 3 1826) was During the first half of the 19th century a patron goddess with Hamburg's Latin name Hammonia emerged, mostly in romantic and poetic references, and although she has no mythology to call her own, Hammonia became the symbol of the city's spirit during this time. Hammonia is the Latin name for Hamburg, and for Hamburg's patron goddess

In 1842, about a quarter of the inner city was destroyed in the "Great Fire". This fire started on the night of the 4 May 1842 and was extinguished on 8 May. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen It destroyed three churches, the town hall, and countless other buildings. It killed 51 people, and left an estimated 20,000 homeless. Reconstruction took more than 40 years.

Hamburg experienced its fastest growth during the second half of the 19th century, when its population more than quadrupled to 800,000 as the growth of the city's Atlantic trade helped make it Europe's third-largest port.

Hamburg's central promenade Jungfernstieg on River Alster in 1900.
Hamburg's central promenade Jungfernstieg on River Alster in 1900.

With Albert Ballin as its director the Hamburg-America Line became the world's largest transatlantic shipping company at the turn of the century, and Hamburg was also home to shipping companies to South America, Africa, India and East Asia. Albert Ballin ( 15 August 1857 - 9 November 1918) was a German businessman The Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft ( HAPAG for short often referred to in English as Hamburg America Line, sometimes also Hamburg-Amerika The term transatlantic refers to something occurring all the way across the Atlantic Ocean. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Hamburg became a cosmopolitan metropolis based on worldwide trade. Hamburg was the port for most Germans and Eastern Europeans to leave for the New World and became home to trading communities from all over the world (like a small Chinatown in Altona, Hamburg). The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia. A Chinatown is a section of an urban area with a large number of Chinese outside the majority-Chinese countries of Greater China.

In 1903, the world's first[2] organized club for social and family nudism, Freilichtpark (Free-Light Park) was opened in Hamburg by Paul Zimmerman. Naturism or nudism is a cultural and Political movement advocating and defending social Nudity in private and in public. It was located on a lake formed by the Alster River in the southern part of the city, adjoining a bathing beach.

After World War I Germany lost her colonies and Hamburg lost many of its trade routes. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All This is a list of former German Empire colonies and Protectorates (Schutzgebiete the German colonial empire. In 1938 the city boundaries were extended with the Groß-Hamburg-Gesetz (Greater Hamburg Act) to incorporate Wandsbek, Harburg, Wilhelmsburg and Altona. The Greater Hamburg Act (Groß-Hamburg-Gesetz was passed by the government of the German Reich on January 26 1937, and mandated the exchange of territories Wandsbek is the second-largest of seven boroughs that make up the city of Hamburg, Germany. Harburg ( UN/LOCODE: DE HBU is a borough of the city of Hamburg, Germany and a quarter in this borough Altona (ˈaltona is the westernmost urban borough ( Bezirk) of the German city state of Hamburg, on the right bank of the Elbe

During World War II Hamburg suffered a series of devastating air raids which killed 42,000 German civilians (see Bombing of Hamburg in World War II). World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The large port city of Hamburg, Germany, was very heavily bombed many times by the Royal Air Force (RAF and the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF during Through this, and the new zoning guidelines of the 1960s, the inner city lost much of its architectural past.

The Iron Curtain — only 50 kilometres (30 mi) east of Hamburg — separated the city from most of its hinterland and further reduced Hamburg's global trade. The " Iron Curtain " was the symbolic ideological and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II until the end On February 16, 1962 a severe storm caused the Elbe to rise to an all-time high, inundating one fifth of Hamburg and killing more than 300 people. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The North Sea flood of 1962 was a Natural disaster affecting mainly the coastal regions of Germany and in particular the city of Hamburg in the night from

After German reunification in 1990, and the accession of some Eastern European and Baltic States into the EU in 2004, Hamburg Harbour and Hamburg have ambitions for regaining their positions as the region's largest deep-sea port for container shipping and its major commercial and trading centre. German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in ||-| |}The Port of Hamburg is a Seaport and deep water Harbour off the North Sea, on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany Since reunification the Greater Hamburg Metropolitan Region gained about 400,000 inhabitants and in 2007 its population was about 4. 3 million people.

Main sights

View of Hamburg.
View of Hamburg.
Neue and Freihafen-Elbbrücke.
Neue and Freihafen-Elbbrücke.
The Speicherstadt at night.
The Speicherstadt at night.
Binnenalster.
Binnenalster.

Churches

St. Michaelis Church on the €2 coin 2008
St. Michaelis Church on the €2 coin 2008

The skyline of Hamburg features the high spires of the five principal churches (Hauptkirchen) covered with green copper plates.

(The dates given correspond to the establishment of the respective parish; the buildings are considerably younger)

Other churches are also visible in the inner city:

Bridges and tunnels

Hamburg has a number of prominent buildings from the past and present. The many canals in Hamburg are crossed by over 2,300 bridges — more than Amsterdam (1200) and Venice (400) combined. Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Hamburg has more bridges inside its city limits than any other city or town on Earth.

Lombardsbrücke and Kennedybrücke divide Binnenalster from Aussenalster

Towers and masts

Other sights

Townhall (Rathaus)

Richly decorated Neo-Renaissance building finished in 1896. The Köhlbrandbrücke is a Cable-stayed bridge in the Wilhelmsburg quarter of Hamburg, Germany which connects the harbour area between the Norderelbe Old Elbe Tunnel or St Pauli Elbe Tunnel (German Alter Elbtunnel (coll The New Elbe Tunnel (Neuer Elbtunnel is the Elbe river crossing in northern Germany. The Heinrich-Hertz-Turm (named after the German physicist and Hamburg-born Heinrich Hertz) is a Radio Telecommunication Tower and a famous landmark The Transmitter Hamburg-Billstedt is a Broadcasting facility in Hamburg - Billstedt, established in 1934 With its tower of 112 meters it is Europe's highest townhall. On its facade it shows the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire since Hamburg was, as a Free Imperial City, only under the sovereignty of the emperor. [3]

Chilehaus

A brick stone office building from 1922 spectacularly shaped like an ocean liner. The Chilehaus ( Chile House is a ten-story office building in Hamburg, Germany, a prime example of brick architecture of the 1920s Designed by architect Fritz Höger. Johann Friedrich (Fritz Höger ( June 12, 1877 &ndash June 21, 1949) was a German Architect from Bekenreihe

Stadtpark

Hamburg's "Central Park" has a great lawn and a huge watertower which houses one of Europe's biggest Planetariums. The park and its buildings were also designed by Fritz Schumacher in the 1910s

HafenCity

To be completed around 2015 Europe's largest inner city development will house about 10 000 inhabitants and 15 000 workers. HafenCity is a quarter in the borough Hamburg-Mitte of Hamburg, Germany. Its ambitious planning and architecture (amongst others designs by Rem Kolhaas and Renzo Piano will be realized) are slowly coming into shape. Its location in an abandoned area of the harbour is already drawing tourists. In 2008 the International Maritime Museum will open, By the end of 2009 the Elbphilharmonie – by many considered Germany's most exciting new structure – is scheduled to house its first concerts in a spectacular building designed by the Swiss firm Herzog & de Meuron on top of an old warehouse.

Parks

The many parks of Hamburg are distributed over the whole city, which makes Hamburg a very green city. The biggest parks are the Stadtpark, the cemetery Ohlsdorf and Planten un Blomen. Planten un Blomen is a park with a size of 47 hectares in the center of Hamburg.

Culture

The smaller Alster (Binnenalster) lake at dusk.
The smaller Alster (Binnenalster) lake at dusk.

Theatres

Politics of Hamburg

Main article: Politics of Hamburg

The city of Hamburg is one of 16 German states, therefore the First Mayor of Hamburg's office correspondents more to the role of a minister-president than to the one of a "normal" city mayor. Missingsch is a type of Low-German -coloured Dialect or Sociolect of German. The government of Hamburg is divided into executive, legislative and judicial branches The following is a chronological list of mayors of Hamburg, a City-state in Germany. A minister-president (Ministerpräsident is the Head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments who presides over the council of ministers The current First Mayor of Hamburg is Ole von Beust, govern in Germany's first state-wide "black-green" coalition, consiting of the conservative CDU and the alternative Green Party. Carl-Friedrich Arp Ole Freiherr von Beust, generally called Ole von Beust, born April 13 1955, in Hamburg, Germany, has been The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. The Alliance '90/The Greens ( Bündnis 90/Die Grünen) the German Green party, is a Political party in Germany whose regional

Economy

The most significant economic basis for Hamburg is the Hamburg Harbour, which ranks 2nd only to Rotterdam in Europe and 9th worldwide with transshipments of 9. ||-| |}The Port of Hamburg is a Seaport and deep water Harbour off the North Sea, on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany Rotterdam (pronounced) is the 2nd-largest City by population in the Netherlands, located in the province of 8 million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU) of cargo and 134 million tons of goods in 2007. Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit (often TEU or teu) is an inexact unit of cargo capacity often used to describe the capacity of Container ships and Container [4] After the German reunification, Hamburg recovered the eastern portion of its hinterland, becoming by far the fastest growing port in Europe. International trade is also the reason for the large number of consulates in the city. Although situated 68 miles (110 km) up the Elbe, it is considered a sea harbor due to its ability to handle large ocean-going vessels.

Hamburg, along with Seattle and Toulouse, is one of the most important locations of the civil aerospace industry in the world. Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest This article is about the field of research and industry for the corporation see The Aerospace Corporation Aerospace comprises the Airbus, which has one of its two assembly plants in Hamburg, and related companies employ over 30,000 people in or near the city. Airbus SAS (ˈɛərbʌs in English, Airbus2ogg|/ɛʁbys/]] in French, and /ˈɛːɐbʊs/ in German) is an aircraft manufacturing

Other important industries are media businesses, most notably four of Germany's largest publishing companies, Axel Springer AG, Gruner + Jahr, Heinrich Bauer Verlag, Der Spiegel and Die Zeit. Axel Springer AG is one of the largest newspaper publishing companies in Europe, having over 150 newspapers and magazines in over 30 countries including Gruner + Jahr GmbH & Co KG is the largest European printing and publishing firm Der Spiegel (pronounced /deːɐ ˈʃpiːɡəl/ German for "The Mirror" is a German weekly Magazine, published in Hamburg About half of Germany's national newspapers and magazines are produced in Hamburg. There are also a number of music companies (the largest being Warner Music Germany) and Internet businesses (e. Warner Music Group (WMG is the third-largest of the "big four" major record labels, the others being Sony BMG, EMI, and Universal g. AOL, Adobe Systems and Google Germany, and also Web 2. Adobe Systems Incorporated (pronounced a-DOE-bee əˈdoʊbiː ( is an American Computer software company headquartered in San Jose California Google Inc is an American public corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search, e-mail, online 0 companies like Qype). Qype is a Hamburg -based Web 20 company centered around social networking and local reviews.

Heavy industry includes the making of steel, aluminium and Europe's largest copper plant [1], and a number of shipyards like Blohm + Voss [2]. Blohm + Voss is a German shipbuilding and engineering works It was founded on April 5, 1877, by Hermann Blohm and Ernst Voss as a

Transport

Hamburg's licence plate prefix is "HH" (Hansestadt Hamburg, English: Hanseatic City of Hamburg), rather than just the single-letter normally used for large cities. German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered The prefix "H" is used in Hanover instead. Hanover (i ( haˈnoːfɐ on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony ( Niedersachsen

As in most larger German cities, public transport is organised by a fare-collection joint venture between transportation companies. Tickets sold by one member company in this Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (Hamburg traffic group) (HVV) are valid on all other HVV companies' services. The Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV is an company coordinating the Public transport in and around Hamburg, Germany.

HVV acts as an overall coordinating body for transport in the Hamburg combination, with representation by the Hamburger Hochbahn (Hamburger Overhead Railway); Deutsche Bahn (German Federal Railroads); AKN railway company (Altona—Kaltenkirchen—Neumunster Railway); HADAG Seetouristik und Fahrdienst A. Hamburger Hochbahn AG or HHA is a company operating the underground system and large parts of the bus system in Hamburg, Germany. Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company AKN Eisenbahn AG is a railway company operating commuter and freight trains in Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein. G. (HADAG sea-tourism and driving service shares society); VHH (Verkehrsbetriebe Hamburg-Holstein A. G. / Transporting enterprises Hamburg Holstein shares society); PVG (Pinneberger Verkehrsgesellschaft, mbH/ Pinneberger public transport company, Inc); and KVG (Kraftverkehrgesellschaft, GmbH/ Motor Traffic Company, LLC).

Nine mass transit routes across the city are the backbone of Hamburg public transport. Three lines comprise the U-Bahn and six the S-Bahn system. The Hamburg U-Bahn is a Rapid transit system serving the city of Hamburg, Germany. History The Hamburg S-Bahn developed 1932 from the Hamburg-Altonaer Stadt- und Vorortbahn Hamburg&ndashAltona&ndashBlankenese (at that time still independent cities which U-Bahn is short for Untergrundbahn (underground railway). Approximately 41 km (25 mi) of 101 km (63 mi) of the U-Bahn is underground; most of the U-Bahn tracks are on embankments or viaducts or at ground level. Older residents still speak of the system as the Hochbahn ("elevated railway"). The Hamburg S-Bahn has a total length of 115. 2 km (72 mi) (8 km/5 mi single-track, 10 km/6 mi underground) with 59 stations, of which 10 are underground. A light rail system, the AKN, connects to satellite towns in Schleswig-Holstein. Gaps in the mass-transit network are filled by bus routes, plied by single-deck, two-, three- and four-axle diesel buses. Hamburg has no trams or trolley-buses, but has hydrogen fuelled buses operating pilot services.

Finally, regional trains of Germany's major railway company Deutsche Bahn AG and the regional metronom trains may be used with a HVV public transport ticket, too. Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company metronom Eisenbahngesellschaft mbH is a train operating company in Germany. Except at the three bigger stations in the centre of Hamburg, the regional trains hardly stop again inside the area of the city.

A 24-hour bus network operates as frequently as every 2 minutes on busy routes (30 minutes in suburban areas). There are six ferry lines along the river Elbe, operated by the HADAG company. While mainly needed by Hamburg citizens and dock workers, they can also be used for sightseeing tours at the (relatively) low fees of a HVV public transport ticket.

Hamburg is connected by four Autobahnen (motorways) and is the most important railway junction on the route to Northern Europe. (German ˈaʊtoːbaːn plural Autobahnen; English /ˈɔːtəʊbɑːn/ is the German word for a major high- Speed Road restricted to motor

Airports

Hamburg Airport is the oldest airport in Germany still in operation. Hamburg Airport, also known as Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel Airport (Flughafen Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel is an international Airport serving Hamburg, Germany There is also the smaller Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport, used only as a company airport for Airbus. Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport is an Airport in the quarter Finkenwerder, in the southwest part of Hamburg, Germany. Airbus SAS (ˈɛərbʌs in English, Airbus2ogg|/ɛʁbys/]] in French, and /ˈɛːɐbʊs/ in German) is an aircraft manufacturing Some airlines market Lübeck Airport in Lübeck as serving Hamburg. Lübeck Airport, also known as Lübeck Blankensee Airport (Flughafen Lübeck Blankensee is an Airport in Germany located 5 miles (8km south of Lübeck ( is the second largest City in Schleswig-Holstein, in Northern Germany, and one of the major

The port of Hamburg on the river Elbe.
The port of Hamburg on the river Elbe. ||-| |}The Port of Hamburg is a Seaport and deep water Harbour off the North Sea, on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany
St. Pauli in 1900.
St. Pauli in 1900. St Pauli (sankt pa̯li located in the Hamburg-Mitte borough is one of the 105 quarters of the city of Hamburg, Germany.

Music

Famous composers connected to Hamburg include:

Hamburg and vicinity is a popular residency for famous contemporary classical composers. Hungarian composer György Ligeti (1923–2006) also known for his music in films by Stanley Kubrick lived in Hamburg for 30 years and taught at the local music academy. He was succeeded at the Hochschule by the Russian-German composer Alfred Schnittke (1934–1998) who died in Hamburg. The Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg is one of the larger university schools of music in Germany Alfred Garyevich Schnittke (Альфре́д Га́рриевич Шни́тке November 24, 1934 Engels - August 3, 1998 Hamburg His countrywoman Sofia Gubaidulina (born in 1931) lives on the outskirts of Hamburg. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina, (София Асгатовна Губайдулина София Other important composers living and working in Hamburg are Manfred Stahnke, a pupil of György Ligeti's, Peter Ruzicka, Peter Michael Hamel and Babette Koblenz. Manfred Stahnke (born 30 October 1951 is a German Composer and Musicologist from Kiel. Peter Ruzicka (born July 3, 1948) is a German composer and conductor of classical music Peter Michael Hamel (born in Munich, 15 July 1947) is a German composer

The Hamburg State Opera is one of the leading German opera houses. The Hamburg State Opera (in German Hamburgische Staatsoper) is one of the leading Opera companies in Germany. Its orchestra is the Philharmoniker Hamburg. The Philharmoniker Hamburg is a German symphony Orchestra based in Hamburg. Hamburg's current Generalmusikdirektorin is Simone Young, music director of both the opera and the orchestra. Simone Margaret Young AM (born 2 March 1961 in Sydney is an Australian conductor, particularly well known for her work in Opera.

Hamburg's most prestigious orchestra is the North German Radio Symphony Orchestra. The North German Radio Symphony Orchestra (NDR Symphony Orchestra German Sinfonieorchester des Norddeutschen Rundfunks) is the most prestigious orchestra in the city of

Hamburg's main concert venue is the Laeiszhalle-Musikhalle, pending the completion of the Elbphilharmonie Hamburg. The Musikhalle which is the home of the Hamburger Symphoniker. The Hamburger Symphoniker (Hamburg Symphony Orchestra is a German Orchestra based in Hamburg Germany.

St. Pauli

Main article: St. Pauli

St. St Pauli (sankt pa̯li located in the Hamburg-Mitte borough is one of the 105 quarters of the city of Hamburg, Germany. Pauli is usually associated with the street of Reeperbahn, a synonym for one of the world's most famous red light districts. |-||-||-||-||-||}The Reeperbahn is a street in Hamburg 's St Pauli district one of the two centres of Hamburg's nightlife and also the city's Red-light district Singer and actor Hans Albers is strongly associated with St. Hans Albers ( September 22 1891 Hamburg - July 24 1960 Starnberg) was a German actor and singer Pauli, providing in the 1940s the neighbourhood's unofficial anthem, "Auf der Reeperbahn Nachts um Halb Eins. " The song explains in a polite way how a sailor enjoys his last day with a trollop before going aboard. St. Pauli is known for giving the Beatles a start in their musical career in the early 1960s. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 The Beatles lived in St. Pauli and played at the Indra and the Kaiserkeller (1960), the Top Ten Club (1961), and the Star-Club (1962), which was located in the district near the perhaps most famous street of Hamburg, the Reeperbahn. St Pauli (sankt pa̯li located in the Hamburg-Mitte borough is one of the 105 quarters of the city of Hamburg, Germany. Kaiserkeller is a night club in the St Pauli quarter of Hamburg, Germany, near the Reeperbahn. The Top Ten Club was a music club in Hamburg, Germany owned by Peter Eckhorn For the band see Starclub. The Star-Club was a music club in Hamburg, Germany that opened Friday 13 April |-||-||-||-||-||}The Reeperbahn is a street in Hamburg 's St Pauli district one of the two centres of Hamburg's nightlife and also the city's Red-light district St. Pauli is also known as a centre for the German punk movement.

Contemporary popular

Nena lives in Hamburg. Nena (born Gabriele Susanne Kerner on March 24, 1960 in Hagen, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany) is a singer and Sascha Konietzko the frontman and founder of KMFDM is from Hamburg and visits regularly. Sascha Konietzko (born June 21, 1961 in Hamburg, Germany) also known as Sascha K and Käpt'n K, is the frontman of KMFDM are a German Industrial rock band and the brainchild of founding member Sascha Konietzko. More recently it is known for some of the most popular German hip hop acts, such as Fünf Sterne deluxe, Samy Deluxe, Beginner and Fettes Brot. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Fünf Sterne deluxe ("Five Stars Deluxe" was a German-language hip-hop band from Hamburg, Germany, founded in mid-1997 consisting Samuel Sorge (born December 20, 1977 in Hamburg) commonly known as Samy Deluxe, Wickeda MC, Sam Semillia or Beginner (formerly Absolute Beginner &mdash note that Beginner is the German plural is a German rap group from Hamburg Fettes Brot ˈbʀoːt}} is a German hip hop group founded in 1992. There is also a quite big alternative and punk scene which gathers around the Rote Flora [3], an occupied former theatre located in the district of Sternschanze. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Some of the musicians of the famous electronic band Kraftwerk also came from Hamburg. Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from In addition, the members of Tokio Hotel currently reside in Hamburg. Tokio Hotel hoˈtɛl}} is a German band founded in Magdeburg, Germany in 2001 by singer Bill Kaulitz, guitarist Tom Kaulitz drummer Gustav Schäfer and Other Hamburg residents include German comedic troop Studio Braun and comedian Helge Schneider. The seemstress Floriana Schmidtess resides in the St. George neighbourhood and counts among the city's elite.

Hamburg is also famous for an original kind of German alternative music called Hamburger Schule ("Hamburg School"), a term used for bands like Tocotronic, Blumfeld, Die Sterne and Tomte. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of The Hamburger Schule ( German for School of Hamburg) was a musical current in Germany during the 1980s and early 1990s encompassing elements Tocotronic is a German rock band founded in 1993 (see 1993 in music) Blumfeld was an Indie-pop band from Hamburg, Germany which arose from the bands "Arm" "Laut" and "Der schwarze Kanal" Tomte is a German-speaking indie band from Hamburg Their music is described as guitar pop with some punk influences and may be considered to be a part of the “ Hamburger Schule

Hamburg was one of the major centres of the heavy metal music world in the 1980s. Many bands such as Helloween, Running Wild and Grave Digger got their start in Hamburg. Helloween is a German power / Speed metal band founded in the early 1980s by members of Iron Fist and Powerfool Running Wild are a German heavy metal band formed in 1976 in Hamburg. See also Gravedigger (disambiguation. Grave Digger is a German Heavy metal band formed in 1980. The influences of these bands and other bands from the area were critical to establishing the subgenre of Power metal. Power metal is a style of Heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional metal with Thrash metal or Speed metal, often within

Hamburg is also one of the most important global centres for psychedelic trance music. Psychedelic trance or psytrance is a form of Electronic music characterized by hypnotic arrangements of synthetic rhythms and mesmerizing melodies It is home to many record labels such as Spirit Zone, [Mushroom Magazine, the world's best known and longest running psy-trance magazine, as well as many parties and club nights. Spirit Zone Recordings was an Electronic music Record label from Germany which started in 1994. Psychedelic trance or psytrance is a form of Electronic music characterized by hypnotic arrangements of synthetic rhythms and mesmerizing melodies During the summer people from all over the world flock to the countryside surrounding Hamburg to attend massive festivals such as Voov Experience, Shiva Moon, Tshitraka and Fusion Festival.

The Lion King theatre in Hamburg's harbour.
The Lion King theatre in Hamburg's harbour.

Since the German premiere of Cats in 1985 there are always a number of musicals being played in the city. Cats is an award-winning musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber based on Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats by T Musical theatre is a form of Theatre combining Music, Songs spoken Dialogue and Dance. Among them have been Phantom of the Opera, The Lion King or Dirty Dancing (before there was Dance of the Vampires). The Phantom of the Opera (in French, Le Fantôme de l'Opéra) is a French Novel by Gaston Leroux. The Lion King is a 1994 American animated feature film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation, released in theaters on June 15 1994 Dance of the Vampires (or Tanz der Vampire as the original German language version is named is a musical remake of a 1967 This density, which is the highest in Germany, is partly due to Germany's major musical production company Stage Entertainment being located in Hamburg. One of the musical theatres is a large tent in the harbour, guests either arrive by boat or through the historic Old Elbe Tunnel.

Hamburg was one city to take part in the Complaints Choir project. Complaints Choir is a Community art project that invites people to sing about their Complaints in a Choir together with fellow complainers Meg Weymes is also a celebrity from Hamburg.

Museums

Currently Hamburg has 79 museums. Famous and popular ones include:

Cuisine

Hamburg is the birthplace of the Hamburger. The Kunsthalle Hamburg is an art museum in Hamburg, Germany. It consists of three linked buildings Harburg ( UN/LOCODE: DE HBU is a borough of the city of Hamburg, Germany and a quarter in this borough Neuengamme is a quarter of the district Bergedorf within the City of Hamburg, Germany. Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial Johannes Brahms ( pronounced ˈbʁaːms (May 7 1833 &ndash April 3 1897 was a German Composer Hamburger SV is a German multi Sport club ("Traditionsverein" based in Hamburg, its largest branch is the football department. The European Route of Industrial Heritage ( ERIH) is a network of the most important Industrial Heritage sites in Europe St Pauli (sankt pa̯li located in the Hamburg-Mitte borough is one of the 105 quarters of the city of Hamburg, Germany. This is not a myth. The beef patties a German immigrant from Hamburg sold in the 1850s in New York allegedly were named after the butcher and then became a generic term. The City of New York

Original Hamburg dishes are Bohnen, Birnen und Speck (Low Saxon Bohn, Peern un Speck, green runner beans cooked with pears and bacon), Aalsuppe (Low Saxon Oolsupp, often mistaken to be German for "eel soup" (Aal/Ool ‘eel’), however the name probably comes from the Low Saxon allns [ʔaˑlns], meaning “all”, “everything and the kitchen sink”, not necessarily eel. Today eel is often included to meet the expectations of unsuspecting diners. ), Bratkartoffeln (Low Saxon Brootkartüffeln, pan-fried potato slices), Finkenwerder Scholle (Low Saxon Finkwarder Scholl, pan-fried plaice), Pannfisch (pan-fried fish), Rote Grütze (Low Saxon Rode Grütt, related to Danish rødgrød, a type of summer pudding made mostly from berries and usually served with cream, like Danish rødgrød med fløde) and Labskaus (a mixture of corned beef, mashed potatoes and beetroot, a cousin of the Norwegian lapskaus and Liverpool's lobscouse, all offshoots off an old-time one-pot meal that used to be the main component of the common sailor's humdrum diet on the high seas). Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary The word scouse is from the word lobscouse meaning a meat stew which was commonly eaten by seamen

Hamburg is the birthplace of Alsterwasser (a reference to the city's river Alster with two lake-like bodies in the city centre thanks to damming), a type of shandy, a concoction of equal parts of beer and carbonated lemonade (Zitronenlimonade), the lemonade being added to the beer. Shandy (also radler or panaché) is Beer flavoured with Lemonade or another Soft drink or Soda water. Hamburg is also home to a curious regional dessert pastry called Franzbrötchen. Looking rather like a flattened croissant, the Franzbrötchen is somewhat similar in preparation but includes a cinnamon and sugar filling, often with raisins or brown sugar streusel. In Baking and Pastry making the term streusel (a German word meaning "something scattered or sprinkled" from the verb streuen, akin to the English The name may also reflect to the roll's croissant-like appearance -- franz appears to be a shortening of französisch, meaning "French", which would make a Franzbrötchen a “French roll. For other things named Crescent see Crescent (disambiguation. ” Being a Hamburg regional food, the Franzbrötchen becomes quite scarce outside the borders of the city; as near as Lunenburg (Lüneburg) it can only be found as a Hamburger and is not to be had in Bremen at all. Lunenburg is the name of several places Lunenburg Nova Scotia (town, Canada Lunenburg Nova Scotia (municipal district, Lüneburg, also known as Lueneburg and Lunenburg in English, is a City in Lower Saxony, Germany. Bremen (ˈbʁeːmən is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany (official name Stadtgemeinde Bremen / City Municipality of Bremen

Ordinary bread rolls—without which a leisurely weekend breakfast in Hamburg is unimaginable—tend to be oval-shaped and of the French bread variety. The local name is Rundstück (“round piece” rather than mainstream German Brötchen, diminutive form of Brot “bread”), a relative of Denmark's rundstykke. In fact, while by no means identical, the cuisines of Hamburg and Denmark, especially of Copenhagen have a lot in common. This also includes a predilection for open-faced sandwiches of all sorts, especially topped with cold-smoked or pickled fish. The American hamburger seems to have developed from Hamburg's Frikadelle (or Frikandelle): a pan-fried patty (usually larger and thicker than the American counterpart) made from a mixture of ground beef, soaked stale bread, egg, chopped onion, salt and pepper, usually served with potatoes and vegetables like any other piece of meat, not usually on a bun. Staling is a chemical and physical process in Bread that reduces its palatability (Many Hamburgers consider their Frikadelle and the American hamburger different, virtually unrelated “creatures. ”)

Sports

HSV vs Eintracht Frankfurt, May 2004
HSV vs Eintracht Frankfurt, May 2004

Hamburg is considered Germany's capital of sports since no other city is home to more first league teams and international sports events. Eintracht Frankfurt is a German Sports club, based in Frankfurt, Hesse that is best known for its football team. Hamburger SV, the most successful team in Hamburg, is a football team in the Bundesliga (which has played in the group stages of the Champions League twice; in 2000/2001 and in 2006/2007). Hamburger SV is a German multi Sport club ("Traditionsverein" based in Hamburg, its largest branch is the football department. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered The Bundesliga is the highest level of Germany 's football league system. See also List of European Cup and UEFA Champions League winners The UEFA Champions League, which evolved from the European Champion Clubs' Cup is a seasonal club HSV is a six time German champion, a three time German cup winner and triumphed in the European cup in 1977 and 1983. The most famous players in its history are Uwe Seeler, Kevin Keegan, Manfred Kaltz, Felix Magath, Horst Hrubesch, Franz Beckenbauer and Rafael van der Vaart. They play at the HSH Nordbank Arena (average attendance in the 06/07 season was 56 100). HSH Nordbank Arena is the municipal stadium of Hamburg Germany The Hamburg Freezers represent Hamburg in the DEL, the highest ice hockey league in Germany. The Deutsche Eishockey Liga ( German Ice Hockey League, shortname DEL is a German high-calibre Ice hockey league and has the highest number of American Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The HSV Handball represents Hamburg in the German handball league. Accomplishments National Cup of Germany 1 2006 EHF Cup Winner's Cup: The Handball- Bundesliga (HBL is the top German professional handball league In 2007 HSV Handball won the European Cupwinners Cup. Both teams play in the ultra-modern Color Line Arena. For the football stadium in Ålesund Norway see Color Line Stadium. Additionally FC St. Pauli is a second division (formerly third League) football club. FC St Pauli is a German Sports club based in the St Pauli quarter of Hamburg. They play at the Millerntor-Stadion which they regularly sell out and are world famous for their anti racist, anti sexist, actively anti Neo-Nazi and left-leaning fans. The Millerntor-Stadion is a multi-use Stadium in Hamburg St Pauli, Germany. Hamburg is the nation's hockey capital and dominates the men's as well as the women's Bundesliga with teams like Der Club an der Alster, Großflottbeker THGC, Harvestehuder THC, Klipper THC or Uhlenhorster HC. Field hockey is a Team sport in which players attempt to score goals by hitting the Ball across the pitch with a stick There are also several minority sports clubs, surprisingly Hamburg has four cricket clubs, Alster CC, HSV Cricket, Pak Alemi CC and Hamburg International CC. Hamburg is also home to the Hamburg Dockers Australian Rules Football club which compete in the German Australian Football League. The FC St. Pauli dominates women's Rugby in Germany. Other first league teams include NA Hamburg (Volleyball), Hamburger Polo Club, Blue Devils (American Football). The Centre Court of Tennis Stadium Rothenbaum with a capacity of 13000 people is the fifth largest in the world and home to the German Open. Hamburg also hosts Germany's most prestigious equestrian events at Reitstadion Klein Flottbek (Deutsches Derby in jumping and dressage) and Horner Rennbahn (Deutsches Derby racing). The Hamburg Marathon (18 000 participants), Worldcups in Cycling and Triathlon are also held here.

The HSH Nordbank Arena (formerly the AOL Arena and originally Volksparkstadion) was used a site for the 2006 World Cup. The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th instance of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament

See also: Deutsches Derby

Religion

41% of inhabitants are Christians, 10% of them being Catholics. The Deutsches Derby is a Group 1 flat horse race in Germany for three-year-old Thoroughbred colts and fillies A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Muslims (mostly Sunni) are 12% of the population. About 39% profess no religion. There are also large numbers of Hindus and Sikhs. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Sikh (English or; ਸਿੱਖ sikkh, IPA) is the title and name given to an adherent of Sikhism.

Language

As elsewhere in Northern Germany, the original language of Hamburg is Low Saxon, usually referred to as Hamborger Platt (German Hamburger Platt) or Hamborgsch. It is still in use, albeit by a minority and rarely in public, probably due to a hostile climate between World War II and the early 1980s. Since large-scale Germanisation beginning in earnest with in the 18th century, various Low German-coloured dialects have developed (contact-varieties of German on Low Saxon substrates). Originally, there was a range of such Missingsch varieties, best known being the low-prestige ones of the working classes and the somewhat more “posh” bourgeois Hanseatendeutsch. All of these are now moribund due to the influences of “proper” German propagated by education and media, perhaps also because of gradual erosion of the erstwhile independent spirit and local pride of Hamburg's population. However, the former importance of Low German is indicated by several songs, such as the famous sea shanty Hamborger Veermaster, written in the 19th century when Low German was used more frequently. Low German or Low Saxon (in Germany: Plattdüütsch or Nedderdüütsch; in Netherlands: Nedersaksisch or Nederduuts Sea shanties (singular " shanty " also spelled " chantey " derived from the French word "chanter" 'to sing' were Shipboard ´ De Hamborger Veermaster ´ ( Standard German: ´ Der Hamburger Viermaster ´ English: Hamburg's four-master) is a famous Sea shanty

In addition, immigration brought numerous dialects from all over the German-speaking world used to Hamburg, also a large number of foreign language communities. Hamburg has a sizeable population of Sinti and Roma (“Gypsy”) people, some of them sedentary (mostly Sinti) and some of them nomadic or semi-nomadic (mostly Roma), camp grounds being set aside by the state and municipal governments. Sinti or Sinta (Singular masc=Sinto sing fem=Sintisa is the name of a European Ethnic group. The Romani people (singular Rom, plural Roma as a Noun; also known as Romanies or Roma people) are an ethnic group with origins Hamburg is thus one of the few locations in the world in which both Sinti and Romany are spoken, and it is also one of the major headquarters of international Roma organisations.

Education

Universities

Currently, up to 29 institutions of tertiary education are located in Hamburg:

Tourism

Warehouse district 1890

Warehouse district

The Kesselhaus (boiler house)

"Freedom of the Seas" behind the Landungsbrücken

Tourists play a significant role in the city's economy, and according to the magazine Travelhouse Media two of the most visited sites in Germany are located here: the harbour (8 million visitors per year) and the Reeperbahn (4 million), compared to famous sites like the Cathedral in Cologne (6 million) or the castle Neuschwanstein (200,000) unexpected high numbers to most people. Bucerius Law School is a private Law school located in Hamburg, Germany. The Hamburg University of Applied Sciences ( HAW) is an institution of Higher education and Applied research located in Hamburg, Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt (born 23 December 1918 is a German Social Democratic Politician who served as Chancellor of West Germany The Hamburg University of Technology (in German Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg and abbreviated TU Harburg or TUHH) is one of the youngest The University of Hamburg (Universität Hamburg is a University in Hamburg, Germany. The University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf ( Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) is the teaching hospital of the University of Hamburg and one of the Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom officially de Hohe Domkirche St Neuschwanstein Castle ( German: Schloss Neuschwanstein, lit New Swan Stone palace; nɔʏˈʃvaːnʃtaɪ̯n is a 19th-century Bavarian Hamburg has the fastest growing tourism industry in Germany (2005 and 2006 approx. 15%) and will most probably reach rank 10 of Europe's most visited tourist destinations by 2008.

Hamburg is best visited in spring or summer. A typical Hamburg visit includes a tour of the city hall and the grand church St. Michaelis (called the Michel), and visiting the old warehouse district (Speicherstadt) and the harbour promenade (Landungsbrücken). St Michaelis, called Michel, is one of Hamburg 's five main Protestant churches (Hauptkirchen and the most famous church in the city Sightseeing buses connect these points of interest. Of course, a visit in one of the world's largest harbours would be incomplete without having taken one of the harbour and/or canal boat tours (Große Hafenrundfahrt, Fleetfahrt) which start from the Landungsbrücken. Many visitors, especially those with a taste for the low life, take a walk in the evening around the area of Reeperbahn, considered Europe's largest red light district and home of many strip clubs, bars and nightclubs. It was in the Reeperbahn that The Beatles began their career with a 48-night residency at the Indra Club, and then another 58 nights at the Kaiserkeller, in 1960. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Others prefer the laidback Schanze district with its street cafés or a barbecue on one of the beaches along the river Elbe. Hamburg's famous zoo, the Tierpark Hagenbeck, was founded in 1907 by Carl Hagenbeck as the first zoo with moated, barless enclosures. The Tierpark Hagenbeck is a Zoo in Stellingen, in Hamburg, Germany. Carl Hagenbeck ( June 10, 1844 - April 14, 1913) was a merchant of Wild animals who supplied many European Zoos as well A friend of Hagenbeck's, the illustrator Heinrich Leutemann made some illustrations here. Gottlob Heinrich (Henrik Leutemann ( October 8, 1824 — December 14, 1904) was a German artist and book Illustrator

Quite common is a tour through Northern Germany with Hamburg as a starting point or stop-over.

However, most people visit Hamburg because of a specific interest, notably one of the musicals, a sports event, a congress or fair. Therefore, in 2005, the average visitor spent two nights in Hamburg. The majority of visitors come from Germany (80%); most foreigners are European, especially from the United Kingdom and Switzerland, and the largest group from outside Europe comes from the U.S. An interesting footnote is the high number of rich guests from the Arabian peninsula, who seek treatment in one of Hamburg's hospitals. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab)

Regular events

For the interested visitor, some events held every year:

Sister cities

More information: Hamburg sister cities (in German only)

Famous people born in Hamburg

More impressions

Town Hall

Oberlandesgericht

Strafjustizgebäude

Strafjustizgebäude detail

University

Hamburg Hall of Arts

Thalia Theatre

Schauspielhaus

Laeisz Hall

Alsterarkaden

Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten

Town Hall Altona

Statue

Bismarck Statue

Planetarium

St. Michaelis Church (Michel)

Ruin of Nikolaitower

Panorama of the Binnenalster

Hamburg Neustadt

Radisson Hotel & Heinrich Hertz Tower

Berliner Tor

Dockland

Hanseatic Trade Center Speicherstadt

Speicherstadt 1

Speicherstadt 2

Speicherstadt Panorama

Köhlbrandbridge

Reeperbahn

Queen Mary

Landungsbrücken


External links

References

  1. ^ State population. The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory Portal of the Federal Statistics Office Germany. Retrieved on 2007-04-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.
  2. ^ Richard Ungewitter (German author) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  3. ^ Auf dem Rathausmarkt
  4. ^ Van Marle, Gavin. "Europe Terminals stretched to limit", Lloyds List Daily Commercial News, 2008-01-31, pp. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes  8-9.  

Dictionary

Hamburg

-proper noun

  1. One of the component states of Germany according to the current administrative division of the nation.
  2. A city in Germany.
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