| Brain: Habenula | ||
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| Mesal aspect of a brain sectioned in the median sagittal plane. Habenula is not labeled directly, but after expanding, look to region with 'habenular commissure', 'pineal body', and 'posterior commissure' | ||
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| 1. Taenia choroidea (and lateral: Lamina affixa, Stria terminalis) 2. On the surface of the terminal vein is a narrow white band named the lamina affixa. The stria terminalis ( terminal stria) is a structure in the Brain, being a band of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the Thalamus Thalamus, Pulvinar thalami 3. The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος = room chamber, IPA= /ˈθæləməs/ is a pair and symmetric part of the brain Third ventricle 4. The third ventricle ( ventriculus tertius) is one of four connected fluid-filled cavities comprising the Ventricular system within the human Brain. Stalk of pineal gland 5. The pineal gland (also called the pineal body, epiphysis cerebri, or epiphysis) is a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate Brain Habenula 6. Stria medullaris 7. The stria medullaris, also known as stria medullaris thalami is a fiber bundle containing efferent fibers from the Septal nuclei, lateral preoptico- Hypothalmic Superior colliculus 8. The superior colliculus ( Latin, higher hill) is a paired structure that is part of the Brain 's tectal area. Brachium of superior colliculus 9. The brachium of superior colliculus (or superior brachium') extends lateralward from the Superior colliculus, and passing between the Pulvinar and Inferior colliculus 10. The inferior colliculi ( Latin, lower hills) together with the superior colliculi form the eminences of the Corpora quadrigemina, and also part Brachium of inferior colliculus 11. The Brachium of inferior colliculus (or inferior brachium) carries auditory Afferent fibers from the Inferior colliculus of the Mesencephalon Medial geniculate nucleus 12. The Medial Geniculate Nucleus or Medial Geniculate Body (MGB is part of the auditory Thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the Inferior colliculus Sulcus medianus 13. Superior cerebellar peduncles 14. The superior cerebellar peduncles ( brachium conjunctivum) two in number emerge from the upper and medial part of the white substance of the hemispheres and are placed under Inferior cerebellar peduncle 15. The upper part of the posterior district of the Medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the Fourth Middle cerebellar peduncles 16. The middle cerebellar peduncles ( brachia pontis) are composed entirely of centripetal fibers which arise from the cells of the nuclei pontis of the opposite side and end in Tuberculum anterius thalami 17. Obex, Area postrema |
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| NeuroNames | hier-277 | |
| MeSH | habenula | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | h_01/12405682 | |
In neuroanatomy, habenula originally denoted the stalk of the pineal gland (pineal habenula; pedunculus of pineal body), but gradually came to refer to a neighboring group of nerve cells with which the pineal gland was believed to be associated, the habenular nucleus. OBEX (abbreviation of OBject EXchange, also termed IrOBEX) is a communications protocol that facilitates the exchange of binary objects between devices The area postrema is a part of the Brain that controls Vomiting. NeuroNames is a system of nomenclature for the human and/or macaque Brain. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group Neuroanatomy is the science for localizing function in the Human brain. The pineal gland (also called the pineal body, epiphysis cerebri, or epiphysis) is a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate Brain Currently, the Terminologia Anatomica term refers exclusively to this separate cell mass in the caudal and dorsal aspect of the dorsal thalamus, the epithalamus, embedded in the posterior end of the medullary stria from which it receives most of its afferent fibers. Terminologia Anatomica (TA is the international standard on human Anatomical terminology The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος = room chamber, IPA= /ˈθæləməs/ is a pair and symmetric part of the brain In fields of Anatomy, anatomical terms of location are descriptive terms to help identify relative positions or directions within a species In the Nervous system, afferent neurons --otherwise known as sensory or receptor Neurons -carry nerve impulses from receptors or sense By way of the retroflex fasciculus (habenulointerpeduncular tract) it projects to the interpeduncular nucleus and other paramedian cell groups of the midbrain tegmentum. The midbrain Tegmentum is the part of the Midbrain extending from the Substantia nigra to the Cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section Despite its proximity to the pineal stalk, no connecting tissue is known to exist.
The habenula is involved in receiving input from the brain via the stria medullaris thalami and output to many midbrain areas involved in releasing personality-related neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin (from the ventral tegmental area, locus coeruleus and raphe nucleus respectively. The stria medullaris, also known as stria medullaris thalami is a fiber bundle containing efferent fibers from the Septal nuclei, lateral preoptico- Hypothalmic In biological anatomy the mesencephalon (or midbrain) comprises the Tectum (or corpora quadrigemini Tegmentum, the ventricular mesocoelia (or "iter" See Chemical synapse for an introduction to concepts and terminology used in this article In neuroscience neuromodulation is the process in which several classes of Neurotransmitters in the nervous system regulate diverse populations of Neurons (one Dopamine is a Hormone and Neurotransmitter occurring in a wide variety of animals including both vertebrates and invertebrates Norepinephrine ( INN) (abbreviated norepi or NE) or noradrenaline ( BAN) (abbreviated NA or NAd) is a Serotonin (ˌsɛrəˈtoʊnən ( 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a Monoamine Neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic Neurons The Locus ceruleus also spelled locus caeruleus or locus coeruleus (Latin for 'the blue spot' is a nucleus in the Brain stem involved with physiological The raphe nuclei (Latin raphe = 'seam' nuclei = cell 'clusters' pronounced RAY-fee are a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the Brain stem. )
The habenula is the only nucleus of the epithalamus. The epithalamus is a dorsal posterior segment of the Diencephalon (a segment in the middle of the Brain also containing the Hypothalamus
External links
Dictionary
habenula
-noun
- (anatomy) A circumscript mass of cells in the caudal and dorsal aspect of the dorsal thalamus
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