| Haarlemmermeer | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country | Netherlands | ||
| Province | North Holland | ||
| Area (2006) | |||
| - Total | 185. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands North Holland ( Dutch: Noord-Holland,, West Frisian: Noôrd-Holland) is a province situated on the North Sea in the Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 28 km² (71. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 5 sq mi) | ||
| - Land | 179. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 76 km² (69. 4 sq mi) | ||
| - Water | 5. 52 km² (2. 1 sq mi) | ||
| Population (1 January 2007) | |||
| - Total | 138,392 | ||
| - Density | 770/km² (1,994. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 3/sq mi) | ||
| Source: CBS, Statline. Statistics Netherlands, founded in 1899, is a Dutch governmental institution that gathers statistical information about the Netherlands. | |||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Website: www.haarlemmermeer.nl | |||
Haarlemmermeer is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands North Holland ( Dutch: Noord-Holland,, West Frisian: Noôrd-Holland) is a province situated on the North Sea in the It is a polder, consisting of land reclaimed from water, and the name Haarlemmermeer means Haarlem's Lake, still referring to the body of water from which the region was reclaimed in the 19th century. A polder is a low-lying tract of land enclosed by embankments known as dikes, that forms an artificial hydrological entity meaning it has no connection with in the past usually Harlem in English is a city in the Netherlands.
Its main town is Hoofddorp. Hoofddorp (literally translated as Main Village) is the main Town of the Haarlemmermeer municipality in the province of North Holland in It is one of the largest towns (pop. 70,030) in the Netherlands whose name is not used as the name of a municipality. This town, together with the rapidly growing towns of Nieuw Vennep and Badhoevedorp, forms part of the Randstad agglomeration. ImageRandstad_with_scalepng|400px|thumb|right|Schematic map of the Randstadcircle 528 380 26 Schiphol rect 426 356 498 436 Haarlemmermeer rect 399 166 479 245
Contents |
Population centres
The municipality of Haarlemmermeer consists of the following cities, towns, villages and/or districts: Aalsmeerderbrug, Abbenes, Badhoevedorp, Beinsdorp, Boesingheliede, Buitenkaag, Burgerveen, Cruquius, De Hoek, Hoofddorp, 't Kabel, Leimuiderbrug, Lijnden, Lisserbroek, Nieuwe Meer, Nieuwebrug, Nieuw-Vennep, Oude Meer, Rijsenhout, Rozenburg, Schiphol, Schiphol-Rijk, Vijfhuizen, Weteringbrug, Zwaanshoek, Zwanenburg. Aalsmeerderbrug ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Abbenes ( is a small village in the Dutch province of North Holland. Badhoevedorp ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Beinsdorp ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Boesingheliede ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Buitenkaag ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Burgerveen ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Cruquius is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies about 4 km northwest of Hoofddorp (literally translated as Main Village) is the main Town of the Haarlemmermeer municipality in the province of North Holland in Leimuiderbrug ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Lijnden ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies about 10 km west of Lisserbroek ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Nieuwe Meer ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Nieuw-Vennep ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Oude Meer ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Rijsenhout ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the Netherlands ' main Airport, located 20 minutes (17 Schiphol-Rijk ( is a town and an industrial estate in the Dutch province of North Holland. Vijfhuizen ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Weteringbrug ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Zwaanshoek ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. Zwanenburg ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland.
See location maps.
History
The original Haarlemmer Lake is said to have been a relic of a northern arm of the Rhine which passed through the district in Roman time, then mostly a peat bog. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC A bog or mire is a Wetland type that accumulates Acidic Peat, a deposit of dead plant material &ndash usually Mosses but also In 1531 the Haarlemmermeer had an area of 6430 acres (26 km²), and near it were three smaller lakes: the Leidsche Meer and the Spiering Meer and the Oude Meer, with a united area of about 7600 acres (31 km²).
The four lakes were formed into one by successive floods. Villages disappeared in the process. One of those villages was Vennep, which the modern Nieuw Vennep was named after. By 1647 the new Haarlemmermeer had an area of about 37,000 acres (150 km²), which a century later had increased to over 42,000 acres (170 km²). In Dutch, that tendency for lakes to enlarge over time is called the waterwolf. The word waterwolf is a Dutch word for the tendency of Lakes in low-lying peaty land to enlarge by flooding and eroding their shores aided sometimes by men digging
In 1643 Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater proposed to endike and drain the lake. Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater (1575 De Rijp, Netherlands - 1650 was a Dutch mill builder and hydraulic engineer LeveeEmbankmentDitch A dike (or dyke) levee, levée, embankment, floodbank or stopbank is a natural or artificial Similar schemes, among which those of Nicolaus Samuel Cruquius in 1742 and of Baron van Lijnden van Hemmen in 1820 are worthy of special mention, were brought forward from time to time. Nicolaas Kruik ( Dec 2 1678, Vlieland - Feb 5 1754, Spaarndam) also known as Klaas Kruik or Nicolaes Kruikius was a But it was not until a furious hurricane in November 1836 drove the waters as far as the gates of Amsterdam, and another on Christmas Day sent them in the opposite direction to submerge the streets of Leiden, that the mind of the nation was seriously turned to the matter. A European windstorm is a severe cyclonic storm that tracks across the North Atlantic towards northwestern Europe in the winter months Year 1836 ( MDCCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west "Leyden" redirects here For other uses see Leyden (disambiguation.
On August 1, 1837, King William I appointed a royal commission of inquiry; the scheme proposed by the commission received the sanction of the Second Chamber in March 1839, and in the following May the work was begun. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common William Frederick (William I, born Willem Frederik Prins van Oranje-Nassau ( The Hague, 24 August 1772 - Berlin, 12 December 1843 was a Prince of
First, a canal was dug around the lake, fittingly called Ringvaart (Ring Canal), to carry the water drainage and boat and ship traffic which had previously gone across the lake. The Ringvaart (known in full as Ringvaart of the Haarlemmermeer Polder) is a canal in the province of North Holland, the Netherlands This canal was 38 miles (61 km) long, and 8 ft (2. 4 m) deep, and the dug-out earth was used to build a dike from 30 to 54 yd (30 to 50 m) wide around the lake. The area enclosed by the canal was more than 70 mile² (180 km²), and the average depth of the lake 13 ft (4 m). As the water had no natural drainage, it was calculated that probably 1000 million tons would have to be raised by mechanical means.
Unlike the historic practice to drain polders using windmills, steam powered pumping stations were exclusively used, a first at that time. A windmill is a machine that is powered by the energy of the wind Three steam-engines were built: the Leeghwater, the Cruquius (the largest Watt-design reciprocal stroke steam engine ever built and now a museum), and the Lijnden. Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater (1575 De Rijp, Netherlands - 1650 was a Dutch mill builder and hydraulic engineer The Museum De Cruquius (or Cruquiusmuseum) occupies the old Cruquius steam Pumping station in Cruquius, The Netherlands. Pumping began in 1848, and the lake was dry by July 1, 1852; 800 million tons were actually discharged. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1852 ( MDCCCLII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year At the first sale of the highest lands along the banks on the 16th of August 1853, about 28 per acre was paid; but the average price afterwards was less. The whole area of 42,096 acres (170 km²) recovered from the waters brought in 9,400,000 forms, or about 780,000, exactly covering the cost of the enterprise; so that the actual cost to the nation was only the amount of the interest on the capital, or about 368,000.
The soil is of various kinds, loam, clay, sand, and peat. Most of it is fertile enough, though in the lower portions there are barren patches where the scanty vegetation is covered with an ochreous deposit. Ochre or Ocher (pronounced /'əʊkə(r/ from the Greek ὠχρός yellow is a Color, usually described as golden - Yellow Mineral springs occur containing a very high percentage (3. 245 grams per litre) of common salt; and in 1893 a company was formed for working them. For sodium chloride in the diet see Salt. Sodium chloride, also known as common salt, table salt, or Halite, is a
In 1854 the City of Leiden laid claim to the possession of the new territory, but the courts decided in favor of the nation. "Leyden" redirects here For other uses see Leyden (disambiguation. Haarlemmermeer became incorporated as a municipality in the province of North Holland by law on July 16, 1855. A province is a territorial unit almost always an Administrative division. North Holland ( Dutch: Noord-Holland,, West Frisian: Noôrd-Holland) is a province situated on the North Sea in the Its first mayor was M. S. P. Pabst. The first church was built in the same year and in 1877 there were seven. By 1860 its population was 7237, and 40 years later in 1900, it was 16,621.
Initially agriculture dominated in Haarlemmermeer. But with 99% of the land owned by a few wealthy land owners, poor harvests, and low commodity prices, life is very difficult for the farmer-renters. A commodity is anything for which there is demand but which is supplied without qualitative differentiation across a market After 1900 it got better when commodity prices rose and most farmers owned their own land. Then also greenhouse farming developed. A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse or hothouse) is a building where plants are cultivated Seasonal labourers, attracted by good pay, boost the population by settling in the villages along the Ringvaart. Maize, seeds, cattle, butter, and cheese are the principal produce. Maize (ˈmeɪz ( Zea mays L. ssp mays) known as corn in some countries is a cereal grain domesticated in Mesoamerica A seed (in some plants referred to as a kernel) is a small embryonic Plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat usually with some stored Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family Butter is a Dairy product made by churning fresh or fermented Cream or Milk. Cheese is a Food made from Milk, usually the milk of cows, Buffalo, Goats or sheep, by coagulation. Today large industry and office developments have become prominent, especially at Hoofddorp and Schiphol.
The roads which traverse the commune are bordered by pleasant-looking farm-houses built after the various styles of Holland, Friesland, and Brabant, reflecting the various origins of the farmers. Holland is a region in the western part of the Netherlands. A maritime and economic power in the 17th century Holland today consists of the Dutch provinces of Friesland ( West Frisian: Fryslân, Dutch Friesland) is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the bigger region known Hoofddorp, Venneperdorp or Nieuw Vennep, Abbenes, and the vicinities of the pumping stations are the spots where the population has clustered most densely. Pumping stations are facilities including Pumps and equipment for pumping fluids from one place to another
In 1917 a military airport was built near the old fort Schiphol. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year An airport is a location where Aircraft such as airplanes, Helicopters and blimps take off and land Nowadays, Schiphol Airport is the major civilian aviation hub in the Netherlands, using 15% of Haarlemmermeer's land area. Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the Netherlands ' main Airport, located 20 minutes (17 Aviation refers to activities involving man-made flying devices ( Aircraft) including the people organizations and regulatory bodies involved with them In 1926 Amsterdam's municipal counsel took over the management of Schiphol. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west After Stockholm's airport, Schiphol was the second airport in Europe to have hardened runways, in 1937-1938. Stockholm-Bromma Airport is an Airport in Stockholm, Sweden. History During the 1930s the need for a proper airport for Stockholm A runway ( RWY) is a strip of land on an Airport, on which Aircraft can take off and land. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The name Schiphol means "ship hole". In the Dutch War of Independence there was a naval battle there. The Dutch Revolt, Eighty Years' War or the Revolt of the Netherlands (1568—1648 was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Low Countries
Monuments and Parks
- Stelling van Amsterdam - the old defense line of Amsterdam crosses the Haarlemmermeer. The UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Defense line of Amsterdam (in Dutch named Stelling van Amsterdam) is a 135 km long ring Plans are being made to make this entire defense line walkable, but currently it is not possible to cross the major highway A4 that goes through it. This park is accessible at various points for recreation, including the Haarlemmermeersebos.
- Haarlemmermeersebos - The largest public park in Haarlemmermeer and site of the International garden show Floriade in 2002, the park includes a large lake for swimming in the summer and a 40 meter manmade hill called Spotter's Hill.
- Museum De Cruquius - the Cruquius museum resides in one of the steam mills used to pump the Haarlemmermeer dry and is open to the public for a demonstration of the steam engine and a model of the Netherlands waterways and polders. The Museum De Cruquius (or Cruquiusmuseum) occupies the old Cruquius steam Pumping station in Cruquius, The Netherlands. Because the Cruquius steam engine is the largest ever built, the museum is an Anchor Point of ERIH, The European Route of Industrial Heritage. The European Route of Industrial Heritage ( ERIH) is a network of the most important Industrial Heritage sites in Europe Behind the museum is a park.
Transportation
Roadways
One of the busiest freeways in the Netherlands, the A4 from Amsterdam to Den Haag, crosses right through Haarlemmermeer. The A4 motorway is a Motorway in the Netherlands from Amsterdam to the Belgian border near Zandvliet. Other freeways are the A5, from Hoofddorp to Badhoevedorp, A9 from Alkmaar to Diemen and the A44, from Nieuw Vennep to Wassenaar. The A9 motorway is a Motorway in The Netherlands. The motorway starts off by going from the A1 at Diemen to the A2 at junction
Calatrava bridges
In the presence of HM Queen Beatrix in 2004 three bridges designed by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava were opened. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " A bridge is a Structure built to span a Gorge, Valley, Road, railroad track, River, Body of water Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Santiago Calatrava Valls (born July 28, 1951) is an internationally recognized and award-winning Valencian Spanish Architect, The bridges span the main canal of the Haarlemmermeer and are named after three string instruments; Harp, Cittern, and Lute. Span is a section between two intermediate supports eg of a beam or a Bridge. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs The harp is a Stringed instrument which has the plane of its strings positioned perpendicular to the soundboard. The cittern (occasionally spelled " cithern " is a stringed instrument of the Lute / Guitar family dating from the Renaissance. Lute can refer generally to any plucked string instrument with a neck (either Fretted or unfretted and a deep round back or more specifically to an instrument from Unfortunately, in 2006 two of those bridges' structures already displayed clear signs of corrosion.
Air transport
Schiphol Airport, the principal international airport of the Netherlands is also situated in Haarlemmermeer. Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the Netherlands ' main Airport, located 20 minutes (17 Its destinations are world-wide.
Railway
Nederlandse Spoorwegen, the Dutch national railway company, serves the municipality with three stations: Hoofddorp, Nieuw-Vennep, and Schiphol. Nederlandse Spoorwegen ( Dutch Railways) or NS, is the principal passenger Railway operating company in the Netherlands.
Railway Leiden Centraal to Schiphol (part of line 10), with stations (municipalities in bold) and official station abbreviations:
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Water transport
The Ringvaart is an important waterway for commercial and recreational boats alike. Hoofddorp is a Railway station in Hoofddorp, Noord Holland, the Netherlands. Schiphol railway station is a major passenger station located directly beneath the terminal complex of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport and operated by the Dutch national A portion of it forms part of the sailroute from Hollands Diep to the IJsselmeer, passable for ships with masts over 6 meters tall. Hollands Diep is a wide river in the Netherlands and an estuary of the Rhine and Meuse river. IJsselmeer (sometimes translated as Lake IJssel, alternative international spelling Lake Yssel) is a shallow lake of 1100 km² in the central Netherlands There is also a connection to the Kaag Lake system (Kagerplassen), which extends to Leiden and beyond. The Kagerplassen (a Dutch term meaning "the Kaag Lakes" is a small lake system in South Holland located to the northeast of Leiden.
There are several canals within Haarlemmermeer itself, the main ones are Hoofdvaart (Main Canal) and Kruisvaart (Cross Canal). But these had initially no connection to the outside waterways, meaning that goods had to be reloaded at the ring dike. In 1895 a double canal lock was built at Aalsmeer, boosting the economy. A lock is a device for raising and lowering boats between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal Waterways. Aalsmeer ( is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. In the 1950s this lock was closed and the canals are once again no longer used for shipping.
Local government
The municipal council of Haarlemmermeer consists of 39 seats, which are divided as follows:
- Leefbaar Haarlemmermeer (HAP) - 4 seats
- VVD - 10 seats
- CDA - 7 seats
- GroenLinks - 4 seats
- PvdA - 8 seats
- ChristenUnie/SGP - 2 seats
- D66 - 1 seat
- SP - 3 seats
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy ( VVD) (Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie is a Dutch liberal Political party. The Christian Democratic Appeal ( CDA) (Christen Democratisch Appèl is a Dutch Christian-democratic Political party. GroenLinks ( GL, English: GreenLeft) is a Dutch Green Political party. This article is about the Dutch political party See Christian Union (students (with space between the two words for the university religious organization and Christian Democrats 66 ( D66, Democraten 66 official name Politieke Partij Democraten 66) is a Dutch progressive, social-liberal and The Socialist Party ( SP, Dutch: Socialistische Partij) is a Dutch socialist Political party. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone See: Haarlem lake
- Statistics are taken from the SDU Staatscourant
- http://web.haarlemmermeer.nl/issverkiezingen/exp_html/index.html
External links
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