 HMS Hermes |
|
| Career (UK) |  |
|---|---|
| Laid down: | early 1918 |
| Launched: | September 1919 |
| Commissioned: | 1923 |
| Fate: | Sunk in April 1942 off Ceylon |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: |
Standard: 10,850tons Full Load: 12,950tons |
| Length: | 182. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events in September It is the start of the academic year in many countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. April holidays and events National Poetry Month - in United States National Sexual Assault Awareness Month - in United Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island 3m (598ft) |
| Beam: | 21. 4m (70ft 3in) |
| Draught: | 6. 9m (22ft 7in) |
| Propulsion: | 2 shaft geared steam turbines delivering 29,828kW (40,000shp) |
| Speed: | 25knots |
| Complement: | 660 excluding aircrew |
| Armament: |
six 5. 5in (140mm). Three 4in (102mm) AA guns. |
| Armour: |
Belt 51-76mm (2-3in). Hanger deck 25mm (1in). Shields 25mm (1in) |
| Aircraft carried: | About 20 |
HMS Hermes (95) of the Royal Navy of United Kingdom was the world's first purpose-built aircraft carrier to be launched, although the Imperial Japanese Navy's Hōshō was the first to be commissioned. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located An aircraft carrier is a Warship designed with For Combined Fleet, please see that article For Carrier Striking Task Force, please see that article This page refers to the Japanese aircraft carrier For the African instrument see Hosho (instrument Development The hull of the The design of Hermes preceded and influenced that of the Hōshō, and she was launched before Hōshō was laid down but her commissioning did not occur until more than six months after that of the Hōshō.
Hermes was laid down by Sir W. G. Armstrong-Whitworth and Company at High Walker on the River Tyne in January 1918 and was launched on September 11, 1919. Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd was a major British manufacturing company of the early years of the 20th century Walker is a residential suburb and electoral ward just east of the centre of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. The River Tyne is a River in England. It is formed by the confluence of two rivers the North Tyne and the South Tyne. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common She was not commissioned until 1923.
Like Hōshō, Hermes was based on a cruiser-type hull, and the design incorporated lessons learned from the operation of the earlier carriers such as HMS Furious and HMS Argus. Genesis She was designed as one of Jackie Fisher 's "large light cruisers" to participate in an amphibious landing on the Baltic coast of Germany History Argus was laid down in 1914 by William Beardmore and Company in Glasgow as the Italian Ocean liner Conte Rosso Notably, this included a full-length flush flight deck and an island superstructure and funnel to starboard. The flight deck of an Aircraft carrier is the surface from which its Aircraft take off and land essentially a miniature airfield at sea The latter innovation allowed the ship to be conned effectively but did not interfere with air operations. The logic behind placing it to starboard was that early aircraft were powered by rotary engines that rotated in a clockwise manner (when viewed from the rear). The rotary engine was an early type of internal combustion Aircraft engine in which the Crankshaft remains stationary and the entire Cylinder The whirling mass generated considerable torque, and aircraft tended to yaw to their left upon take off. A torque (τ in Physics, also called a moment (of force is a pseudo- vector that measures the tendency of a force to rotate an object about It was therefore desirable that they would turn away from any potential obstructions. An interesting identification feature was the tripod mast, which had two forward and one rear leg, a unique arrangement. However, operational experience with Hermes demonstrated that her air complement was too small, her protection and endurance limited, her speed was not sufficient for fleet operations and that her stability was poor, especially in high seas.
During World War II she served briefly with the Home Fleet before being assigned to the southern Atlantic from October 1939. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Home Fleet is the traditional name of the fleet of the Royal Navy that protects the United Kingdom 's territorial waters She worked with the French navy based at Dakar until the Vichy government came to power, following that her aircraft took part in a strike against the French vessels at Dakar. For the Dakar Rally see Dakar Rally. For the Israeli submarine see INS Dakar. Vichy France, or the Vichy regime are the common terms used to describe the government of France from July 1940 to August 1944 In July 1940 she collided with a merchant vessel and was repaired at Simonstown, South Africa. Simon's Town (also widely but incorrectly referred to as Simonstown) and in Afrikaans Simonstad) is a village and a naval base in South Africa, The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Following repairs she continued patrols but this time in the Indian Ocean as part of the Eastern Fleet. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface The British Eastern Fleet (also known as the East Indies Fleet and the Far East Fleet) was a fleet of the Royal Navy during World War II
During the Indian Ocean raid, Hermes was in harbour at Trincomalee, Ceylon, undergoing repairs. The Indian Ocean raid was a naval sortie by the Fast Carrier Strike Force of the Imperial Japanese Navy from 31 March to 10 April 1942 Trincomalee (திருகோணமலை Tirukōṇamalai තිරිකුණාමළය Tirikūṇamaḷaya is a district a bay and a port city on the northeast coast of Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Advance warning of a Japanese air raid allowed her to leave port, but as she returned following the raid on April 9, 1942, she was spotted off Batticaloa by a Japanese reconnaissance plane. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Batticaloa (மட்டக்களப்பு in Tamil මඩකළපුව in Sinhala) is the provincial capital of the eastern province of Sri Lanka Lacking planes of her own, she was defenceless when she was attacked by 70 Japanese bombers. Hit 40 times, Hermes sank with the loss of 307 men. Her escorts — the destroyer HMAS Vampire and the corvette Hollyhock — and two tankers were also sunk. A corvette is a small maneuverable lightly armed Warship, originally smaller than a Frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft, although many HMS Hollyhock (K64 was a Flower-class corvette that served in the Royal Navy. 590 survivors of the attack were picked up by the hospital ship Vita and taken to Colombo. Colombo ( Sinhala:, ˈkoləmbə Tamil: கொழும்பு is the largest city and commercial capital of Sri Lanka. Some survivors were taken to Kandy where they spent 10 days recuperating at the Queens Hotel. Kandy ( maha nuvara, mahaˈnuərə in Sinhala, கண்டி kaṇṭi, ˈkaɳɖi in Tamil) is the English name for the city of
The wreck of the Hermes is located in the Indian Ocean off Batticaloa, Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Batticaloa (மட்டக்களப்பு in Tamil මඩකළපුව in Sinhala) is the provincial capital of the eastern province of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island
Reference
The Encyclopedia of Warships, From World War Two to the Present Day, General Editor Robert Jackson
External links
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