Hōei (宝永, Hōei^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common Calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era "year name") after Genroku and before Shōtoku. A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the Orbit of the Earth around the Sun was a after Jōkyō and before Hōei. This period spanned the years from 1688 through 1704 was a after Hōei and before Kyōhō. This period spanned the years from 1711 through 1716. This period spanned the years from 1704 through 1711. Year 1704 ( MDCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1711 ( MDCCXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The reigning emperors were Higashiyama-tennō (東山天皇, Higashiyama-tennō^?) and Nakamikado-tennō (中御門天皇, Nakamikado-tennō^?). Higashiyama also refers to a ward of Kyoto City Emperor Higashiyama (東山天皇 Higashiyama-tennō) ( October 21 Higashiyama also refers to a ward of Kyoto City Emperor Higashiyama (東山天皇 Higashiyama-tennō) ( October 21 Emperor Nakamikado (中御門天皇 Nakamikado-tennō) (January 14 1702 - May 10 1737 was the 114th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional Emperor Nakamikado (中御門天皇 Nakamikado-tennō) (January 14 1702 - May 10 1737 was the 114th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional ^[1]

Change of era

• Hōei gannen (宝永元年, Hōei gannen^?); 1704: In reaction to the Great Genroku Earthquake in Genroku 16, the era name was changed to Hōei (meaning "Prosperous Eternity"). Year 1704 ( MDCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Genroku 17, on the 13th day of the 3rd month.

Events of the Hōei era

Looking down towards the peak of Mt. Fuji and its central crater

Distribution of volcanic cinders and ash falling across central Honshu after the eruption of Mt. Fuji in Hoei 4 (1707)

• Hōei 4, on the 14th day of the 10th month (1707): Great Hōei Earthquake. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The city of Osaka suffers tremendously because of a very violent earthquake. ^[2]

• Hōei 4, on the 22nd day of the 10th month (November 15, 1707): An eruption of Mt. Fuji; the cinders and ash fell like rain in Izu, Kai, Sagami, and Musashi. Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a is the highest Mountain in Japan at.An Active volcano that last erupted in 1707–08 it straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Izu (伊豆国 -no kuni was a province of Japan including the Izu Peninsula that is today part of Shizuoka prefecture and the Izu Islands was an old province of Japan. It occupied most of the area that is today Kanagawa prefecture, but present-day Yokohama and Kawasaki, now part of Kanagawa was a province of Japan, which today comprises Tokyo prefecture, most of Saitama Prefecture and part of Kanagawa Prefecture, mainly ^[3]

• Hōei 5 (1708): The shogunate introduces new copper coins into circulation; and each coin is marked with the Hōei nengō name {Hōei Tsubo). Year 1708 ( MDCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a ^[3]
• Hōei 5, on the 8th day of the 3rd month (1708): There was a great fire in Heian-kyō. Year 1708 ( MDCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a ^[3]
• Hōei 5, 8th month (1708): Italian missionary Giovanni Sidotti landed in Yakushima, where he was promptly is arrested. Year 1708 ( MDCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest A missionary is a member of a Religion who works to convert those who do not share the missionary's faith someone who proselytizes. Giovanni Battista Sidotti (1668-1714 was an Italian Jesuit priest is an island of about 500 km² and roughly 15000 islanders to the south of Kyūshū in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.
• Hōei 6, on the 10th day of the 1st month (1709): The wife of Shogun Tsunayoshi killed him with a knife, and then she stabbed herself in the heart. Year 1709 ( MDCCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Tsunayoshi's homosexual interests were aroused by the son of the daimyo of Kai; and his plans to adopt this Tokugawa youth as his successor were known by a few inside Edo castle. also known as, is a flatland castle that was built in 1457 by Ōta Dōkan. The shogun's wife, who was also a daughter of the emperor, foresaw that this choice of a successor would be very poorly received by many; and she feared that it might result in a disastrous civil war. The shogun's wife did everything she could to dissuade Tsunayoshi from continuing with such potentially divisive and dangerous plans; and when it became clear that her persuasive arguments were in vain, she resolutely sacrificed herself for the good of the country -- she killed her husband and then killed herself. ^[3]
• Hōei 6, in the 4th month (1709): Minamoto no Ienobu, Tsunayoshi's nephew, becomes the 6th shogun of the Edo bakufu. Year 1709 ( MDCCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year ( June 11, 1662 - November 12, 1712) was the sixth Shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan. The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the, and the, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the Shoguns of ^[3]
• Hōei 6, on the 2nd day of the 7th month (1709): The Emperor abdicates. Year 1709 ( MDCCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year ^[3]
• Hōei 6, on the 17th day of the 12th month (1709): Higashiyama dies. Year 1709 ( MDCCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year ^[3]

References

The Hoei Crater, visible to the right of the peak of Mt. Fuji, was the location of the 1707 eruption that spewed ash as far as Edo.

• Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. Routledge is a publisher of non-fiction academic books and journals ISBN 0-700-71720-X
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. Hayashi Gahō (林鵞峰 (1618 &ndash 1688 also known as Hayashi Shunsai, was a Japanese Neo-Confucian scholar teacher and administrator in the system of is a 17th century chronicle of the serial reigns of Japanese emperors with brief notes about some of the noteworthy events or other happenings during each period par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re. , complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Julius Heinrich Klaproth (1783-1835 German Orientalist and traveller Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (RAS was according to its Royal Charter of August 11, 1824 ... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)

See also

• Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji
• Historic eruptions of Mount Fuji

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
• National Archives of Japan: Ryukyu Chuzano ryoshisha tojogyoretsu, scroll illustrating procession of Ryukyu emissary to Edo, Hōei 7 (1710)