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Gymnures, also called Hairy Hedgehogs or Moon Rats, are mammals belonging to the subfamily Galericinae, in the family Erinaceidae and the order Erinaceomorpha. Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands Erinaceidae is the only living family in the order of the Erinaceomorpha. Erinaceidae is the only living family in the order of the Erinaceomorpha. Auguste Nicolas Pomel ( September 20, 1821 - 1898 was a French Geologist and Paleontologist Pomel was born in Issoire A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic Hylomys is a genus of the family Erinaceidae. Hylomys species like all species in the subfamily Galericinae are known as Gymnures UserPolbot. --> The Hainan Gymnure ( Neohylomys hainanensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> The Shrew Gymnure ( Neotetracus sinensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> Podogymnura is a genus of Mammal in the Erinaceidae family Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands Erinaceidae is the only living family in the order of the Erinaceomorpha. Erinaceidae is the only living family in the order of the Erinaceomorpha. Although more closely related to moles, they look like very large rats. Rats are various medium sized long-tailed Rodents of the superfamily Muroidea
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Distribution and appearance
Gymnures inhabit moist jungle terrain in various locales of Southeast Asia, including Vietnam, Sumatra, China and the Malay Peninsula. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula (Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (คาบสมุทรมลายู is a major Peninsula located in Southeast
Although its closest relative is the hedgehog, full grown specimens more closely resemble large rats, or the North American Virginia Opossum, (Didelphis virginianis), with which it shares similar habits and ecological niches (an example of parallel evolution). A hedgehog is any of the small spiny Mammals of the Subfamily Erinaceinae and the order Erinaceomorpha. Rats are various medium sized long-tailed Rodents of the superfamily Muroidea The Virginia Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana) is the only Marsupial found in North America north of the Rio Grande River Parallel evolution is the independent evolution of similar traits starting from a similar ancestral condition due to similar environments or other evolutionary pressures
The gymnure's body plan is believed to resemble that of the earliest mammals, with a large toothy head about 1/3rd the length of the total body, a naked furless tail for balance and thermoregulatory purposes, and a plantigrade stance. Thermoregulation is the ability of an Organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries even when temperature surrounding is very different In Mammals, plantigrade locomotion means walking with the podials and Metatarsals flat on the ground
They also have an outstanding sense of smell, and tactile response in the snout region. The somewhat related star-nosed moles have noses so innervated that they can readily detect and discern microscopic texture features. The Star-nosed Mole ( Condylura cristata) is a small North American mole found in eastern Canada and the north-eastern United States
Way of life
Gymnures are primarily carnivorous. A carnivore (ˈkɑrnɪvɔər meaning 'meat eater' ( Latin carne meaning 'flesh' and vorare meaning 'to devour' is any animal with a diet consisting They are nocturnal or crepuscular: they come out to forage at twilight or in the night to search the forest floor, using smell to find the animals that they eat. As an Animal behavior, nocturnality describes sleeping during the Daytime and being active at Night - the opposite of the diurnal Crepuscular is a term used to describe animals that are primarily active during Twilight, hence at Dawn and at Dusk. Gymnures eat various arthropods, mice, small reptiles and amphibians, with occasional fruit and fungi. Arthropods are Animals belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, " Joint " A mouse (plural mice) is a small Animal that belongs to one Reptiles, or members of the class Reptilia are air-breathing Cold-blooded Vertebrates that have skin covered in scales as opposed to hair or feathers Prehistoric amphibian Amphibians (class Amphibia such as Frogs Toads Salamanders Newts Gymnophiona, Sirens and A fungus (ˈfʌŋgəs is a eukaryotic Organism that is a member of the kingdom Fungi (ˈfʌndʒaɪ
Gymnures keep territories, and individuals are solitary except when breeding. Gymnures have a very strong scent, typically described as a rancid garlic or onion smell, which is produced by its territory-marking scent glands. Allium sativum L, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the Onion family Alliaceae. Organicsalsajpg||thumb|right|Onions used in salsa.]]Cooked onions in frying pan Several creatures similar in form and niche, such as the opossum and solenodon smell similar to the gymnure. Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Solenodons are Nocturnal, burrowing Insectivorous Mammals belonging to the family Solenodontidae.
Classification
This subfamily has alternately been called Echinosoricinae, Gymnurinae, and Hylomyinae. Some researchers prefer Hylomyinae because the specific relationships of the extinct genus Galerix to living erinaceids are uncertain. [2] There are eight species in five genera:[1]
- Genus Echinosorex
- Echinosorex gymnura (Greater Moonrat)
- Genus Hylomys
- Hylomys megalotis (Large-eared Gymnure)
- Hylomys parvus (Dwarf Gymnure)
- Hylomys suillus (Lesser Gymnure)
- Genus Neohylomys
- Genus Neotetracus
- Genus Podogymnura
References
- ^ a b Hutterer, Rainer (2005-11-16). Hylomys is a genus of the family Erinaceidae. Hylomys species like all species in the subfamily Galericinae are known as Gymnures The Dwarf Gymnure ( Hylomys parvus) is a Gymnure found only at Mount Kerinci, Sumatra, Indonesia. The Dwarf Gymnure ( Hylomys parvus) is a Gymnure found only at Mount Kerinci, Sumatra, Indonesia. The Short-tailed Gymnure ( Hylomys suillus) is a small Erinaceomorph that is found in southeast Asia. The Short-tailed Gymnure ( Hylomys suillus) is a small Erinaceomorph that is found in southeast Asia. UserPolbot. --> The Hainan Gymnure ( Neohylomys hainanensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> The Hainan Gymnure ( Neohylomys hainanensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> The Hainan Gymnure ( Neohylomys hainanensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> The Shrew Gymnure ( Neotetracus sinensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> The Shrew Gymnure ( Neotetracus sinensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> The Shrew Gymnure ( Neotetracus sinensis) is a species of Mammal in the Erinaceidae UserPolbot. --> Podogymnura is a genus of Mammal in the Erinaceidae family UserPolbot. --> The Dinagat Gymnure ( Podogymnura aureospinula) is a species of Mammal in the UserPolbot. --> The Dinagat Gymnure ( Podogymnura aureospinula) is a species of Mammal in the UserPolbot. -->The Mindanao Gymnure or Mindanao Moonrat ( Podogymnura truei) is a species of Mammal UserPolbot. -->The Mindanao Gymnure or Mindanao Moonrat ( Podogymnura truei) is a species of Mammal Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published in Wilson, D. E. , and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 217-219. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
- ^ Gould, G. C. (1995). "Hedgehog phylogeny (Mammalia, Erinaceidae)—the reciprocal illumination of the quick and the dead". American Museum Novitates 3131: 1-45.
External links
- Image of the Dwarf Gymnure - Hylomys parvus
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