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For the type of building, see gym. The word γυμνάσιον (gymnasion was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual Education of young men (see Gymnasium

A gymnasium (pronounced with IPA: [ɡ-] in several languages) is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English sixth form colleges and U. Australia See also Education A sixth form college is an educational institution in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Hong Kong or Malta where students aged 16 S. college preparatory high schools. A university-preparatory school or college-preparatory school (usually abbreviated to preparatory school, college prep school, or prep school The word γυμνάσιον (gymnasion) was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual education of young men (see gymnasium (ancient Greece)). The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency The gymnasium in Ancient Greece functioned as a training facility for competitors in public Games It was also a place for socializing and engaging in intellectual The latter meaning of intellectual education persisted in German and other languages, whereas in English the meaning of physical education was pertained in the word gym. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The word γυμνάσιον (gymnasion was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual Education of young men (see Gymnasium

The gymnasium prepares pupils to enter a university.

In Germany, for instance, pupils study subjects like German, English, mathematics, physics, chemistry, geography, biology, arts, music, physical education, religion, history and social sciences. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geografia) is the study of the Earth and its lands features inhabitants and phenomena Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles The arts is a broad subdivision of Culture, composed of many expressive disciplines. Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology The social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including Anthropology, Communication studies They are also required to study at least two foreign languages. The usual combination is English and French, although many schools offer combining English or, in some cases, Latin, with another language, most often Latin, Spanish, Ancient Greek or Russian. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages

The number of years the gymnasium consists differs from state to state in Germany. It consists of seven years in Berlin and Brandenburg (primary school includes six years in both as opposed to four years in the rest of Germany) and newly eight in Bavaria, Hessen and Baden-Württemberg among others. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Brandenburg ( Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 Hesse (Hessen is a state of Germany with an area Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states ( Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany. While in Saxony and Thuringia pupils never were taught more than eight years in Gymnasium (by default), nearly all states are going to provide Abitur after 12 years in primary schools and Gymnasium. The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen is located in central Germany. Abitur (from Latin abire = go away go off is a designation used in Germany and Finland for final exams that young adults take at the end of The Abitur exams which complete the Gymnasium education are centrally drafted and controlled (Zentralabitur) in almost all German States.

In the Netherlands the gymnasium consists of six years in which pupils study the same subjects as their German counterparts, with the addition of compulsory Ancient Greek, Latin and "KCV", history of the Ancient Greek and Roman culture and literature. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome.

In Sweden, Denmark and Norway, the gymnasium consist of three years, starting at age 16 after nine years of primary school. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Both primary school and gymnasium are totally free of charge and financed by taxes.

In Austria, the gymnasium consist of eight years. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich The usual combination is English, French and Latin, sometimes French can be swapped with another foreign language (like Spanish, Italian or Russian) or a more technical subject like Engineering drawing or further hours of biology, physics or chemistry. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people An engineering drawing is a type of Technical drawing, used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items and is usually created in accordance Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Latin is almost obligatory, since it is a requirement for several studies in Austria. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich

In Italy originally the Ginnasio indicated a typology of five-year junior high school (age 11 to 16) and preparing to the three year Liceo Classico (age 16 to 19), a high school focusing on classical studies and humanities. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School Liceo classico is a Secondary school type in Italy. It lasts 5 years (about 14-19 years age students "Classical literature" redirects here For literature in Classical languages outside the Graeco-Roman sphere see Ancient literature. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative After the school reform that unificated the junior high school system, the term Ginnasio stayed to indicate the first two year of Liceo Classico, now five years long. Oddly enough, an Italian high school student who enrolls in Liceo Classico follows this study path: Quarta Ginnasio (gymnasium fourth year, age 14), Quinta Ginnasio (gymnasium fifth year, age 15), Prima Liceo (Liceo first year, age 16), Seconda Liceo (Liceo second year) and Terza Liceo (Liceo third). Some believe this still has some sense, since the two-year Ginnasio has a very different set of mind from the Liceo. Ginnasio students spend almost all their classes studying Greek and Latin grammar, putting the bases for Liceo "higher" and more complete set of studies, such as Greek and Latin litterature, Philosophy and History. Furthermore, Liceo includes some scientific subjects, which are completely absent in Ginnasio.


This meaning of a secondary school preparing for higher education at university in the German-speaking, the Nordic, the Benelux and the Baltic countries has been the same at least since the Protestant reformation in the 16th century. Higher education is Education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, Community colleges Liberal arts colleges A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The German language (both as an official language and as a minority language is spoken in a number of countries and territories in West and Central Europe The Nordic countries make up a region in Northern Europe called the Nordic region, consisting of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, The Benelux is an economic union in Western Europe that includes three neighboring monarchies, '''Be'''lgium, the '''Ne'''therlands, and The Baltic states (Balti riigid Baltijas valstis Baltijos valstybės or Baltic countries are three countries in Northern Europe, all members of the The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time The first general system of schools which provided for the Gymnasia was that of Saxony, formulated in 1528. The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. They are thus meant for the more academically-minded students, who are sifted out at about the age of 10–13. In addition to the usual curriculum, students of a gymnasium often study Latin and Greek. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c

Some gymnasiums provide general education, others have a specific focus. (This also differs from country to country. ) The three traditional branches are:

Today, a number of other areas of specialization exist, such as gymnasiums specializing in economics, technology or domestic sciences. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c

In some countries, there is a notion of progymnasium, which is equivalent to beginning classes of the full gymnasium, with the rights to continue education in a gymnasium. Here, the prefix "pro" means "instead of".

Countries with gymnasium schools

Final degree

Depending on country, the final degree (if any) is called Abitur, Artium, Diploma, Matura, Maturita or Student and it usually opens the way to professional schools directly. Abitur (from Latin abire = go away go off is a designation used in Germany and Finland for final exams that young adults take at the end of A diploma (from Greek δίπλωµα diploma, meaning "folded paper" is a Certificate or Deed issued by an educational institution Matura (Matur Maturita Maturità Maturität матура is the word commonly used in Austria, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria Matura (Matur Maturita Maturità Maturität матура is the word commonly used in Austria, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria However, these degrees are often not fully accredited internationally, and students willing to attend foreign university often have to submit to further exams to be permitted access to them. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The final two or three years at a gymnasium can be seen as an equivalent to the first two years at college in the United States.

Relationship with other education facilities

In countries like Croatia, most university faculties only accept students from secondary schools that last four years (rather than three). This includes all Gymnasium students but only a part of vocational high schools, in effect making Gymnasium the preferred choice for all pupils aiming for university diplomas.

In Germany, other types of secondary school are called Realschule, Hauptschule and Gesamtschule. The Realschule is a type of Secondary school in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. A "Hauptschule" (general school is a Secondary school in Germany and Austria, starting after 4 years of Elementary schooling Any student A comprehensive school is a Secondary school and State school for children from the age of 11 to at least 16 that does not select children on the basis of academic These are attended by about two-thirds of the students and the first two are practically unknown in other parts of the world. A Gesamtschule largely corresponds to an American high school. However, it offers the same school leaving certificates as the other three types of German secondary schools—the Hauptschulabschluss (school leaving certificate of a Hauptschule after 9th Grade or in Berlin and North Rhine-Westphalia after 10th Grade), the Realschulabschluss, also called Mittlere Reife (school leaving certificate of a Realschule after 10th Grade), and Abitur, also called Hochschulreife, after 12th Grade. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the Abitur (from Latin abire = go away go off is a designation used in Germany and Finland for final exams that young adults take at the end of Students who graduate from Hauptschule or Realschule may continue their schooling at a vocational school until they have full job qualifications. It is also possible to get an erweiterter Realschulabschluss after 10th grade that allows the students to continue their education at the Oberstufe of a gymnasium and get an Abitur. There are two types of vocational school in Germany. The Berufsschule, a part time vocational school and a part of Germany's dual education system, and the Berufsfachschule, a full time vocational school outside the dual education system. Responsibility for German education system lies primarily with the states while the federal government only has a minor role A dual education system is practised in several countries notably Germany, Austria and Switzerland, but also Denmark, the Netherlands Responsibility for German education system lies primarily with the states while the federal government only has a minor role Both types of school are also part of Germany's secondary school system. Students who graduate from a vocational school and students who graduate with a good grade point average from a Realschule can continue their schooling at another type of German secondary school, the Fachoberschule, a vocational high school. In Education, a grade (or mark is a teacher's standardized Evaluation of a Student 's work The school leaving exam of this type of school, the Fachhochschulreife, enables the graduate to start studying at a Fachhochschule (polytechnic), and in Hesse also at a university within the state. A Fachhochschule (plural Fachhochschulen) or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of University, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas Institute of technology, and polytechnic, are designations employed in a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable Hesse (Hessen is a state of Germany with an area Students who have graduateded from vocational school and have been working in a job for at least three years can go to Berufsoberschule to get either a "Fachabitur" (meaning they may go to university, but they can only study the subjects belonging to the "branch" (economical, technical, social) they studied in at Berufschule. Berufsoberschule (Upper Vocational School is an optional part of the German education system and is an additional way to be allowed at university for students who didn't get an ) after one year, or the normal "Abitur" (after two years), which gives them complete access to universities.

In Sweden, the term gymnasium was traditionally reserved for the theoretical education described above. However, due to the egalitarian strivings of post-war Sweden's social democratic governments, the term is today used for all kinds of secondary education, both theoretical and vocational.

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