Gustavus J. Simmons (born 1930) is a retired cryptographer and former manager of the Applied Mathematics Department at Sandia National Laboratories. Cryptography (or cryptology; from Greek grc κρυπτός kryptos, "hidden secret" and grc γράφω gráphō, "I write" Applied mathematics is a branch of Mathematics that concerns itself with the mathematical techniques typically used in the application of mathematical knowledge to other domains Sandia National Laboratories which is managed and operated by the Sandia Corporation (a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation) is a major United He has worked primarily with authentication theory, developing cryptographic techniques for solving problems of mutual distrust. Authentication (from Greek αυθεντικός real or genuine from authentes author is the act of establishing or confirming something (or someone as Simmons was born in West Virginia and was named after his grandfather, a Prohibition officer who was gunned down three years before Gustavus was born. West Virginia ( is a state in the Appalachian Upland South, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, bordered by In the United States, the term Prohibition refers to the period from 1920 to 1933 during which the sale manufacture and transportation of alcohol for consumption He began his post-secondary education at Deep Springs College, and he received his Ph.D in mathematics from the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Deep Springs is a private, all-male, alternative college in Deep Springs California "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. The University of New Mexico ( UNM) is a Public University in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Simmons has published over 100 papers, many of which are devoted to asymmetric encryption techniques. Public-key cryptography, also known as asymmetric cryptography, is a form of Cryptography in which the key used to encrypt a message differs from the key In the 1980s, he helped form the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR). The International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR is a non-profit scientific organization whose purpose is to further research in Cryptology and related fields His technical contributions include the development of subliminal channels for use in digital signatures. A digital signature or digital signature scheme is a type of asymmetric cryptography used to simulate the security properties of a handwritten Signature [1] He is also the creator of the Ramsey/graph theory-based mathematical game Sim. This article provides an introduction For a more detailed and technical article see Ramsey's theorem. In Mathematics and Computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs: mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects The game of Sim is played by two players Red and Blue on a board consisting of six dots ('vertices' [2]
At Sandia, Simmons was involved in the cryptographic aspects of verifying adherence to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty for nuclear weapons. The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT bans all nuclear explosions in all environments for military or civilian purposes [3] In a review of Contemporary Cryptology (see publications), Don Coppersmith summarized the problem:
- "Is the host substituting a false signal to mask the fact that it is continuing tests? Is the monitor really using the device to transmit other information than that allowed by the treaty? Who supplies the hardware? Can that person cheat?"[4]
Awards and Recognition
In 1986, Simmons was the recipient of the U.S. Department of Energy E. Don Coppersmith is a Cryptographer and Mathematician. He was involved in the design of the Data Encryption Standard Block cipher at IBM The United States Department of Energy ( DOE) is a Cabinet -level department of the United States government responsible for energy policy O. Lawrence Award. [5] In 1991, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from Lund University for his work in authentication theory. An honorary degree or a degree honoris causa ( Latin: 'for the sake of the honour' is an Academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding Lund University (Lunds universitet located in Lund in southernmost Sweden is one of Sweden 's most prestigious Universities and one of Scandinavia [6] In 2005, he was elected a IACR Fellow, "for pioneering research in information integrity, information theory, and secure protocols and for substantial contributions to the formation of the IACR. The International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR is a non-profit scientific organization whose purpose is to further research in Cryptology and related fields "[7]
Publications
- Simmons, Gustavus J. (Editor), Contemporary Cryptology: The Science of Information Integrity. (Wiley 1999) - ISBN 0780353528
References
- ^ Simmons, Gustavus J. “The Prisoner’s Problem and the Subliminal Channel," Advances in Cryptology: Proceedings of CRYPTO ’83, Plenum Press, 1984, pp. 51-67.
- ^ Simmons, Gustavus J. "The game of SIM," J. Recreational Mathematics, 2(2), 1969, pp. 66.
- ^ Simmons, Gustavus J. "How to Insure That Data Acquired to Verify Treaty Compliance are Trustworthy," Contemporary Cryptology (IEEE), 1992, pp. 617-630.
- ^ Review of Contemporary Cryptology
- ^ E. O. Lawrence award citation
- ^ List of Honorary Doctorates in Engineering at Lund University (in Swedish)
- ^ IACR Fellow citation
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