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Gunnera
Gunnera tinctoria at the San Francisco Botanical Garden at Strybing Arboretum
Gunnera tinctoria at the San Francisco Botanical Garden at Strybing Arboretum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Gunnerales
Family: Gunneraceae
Meisner
Genus: Gunnera
L.
Species

See text. The San Francisco Botanical Garden (formerly Strybing Arboretum is a large Botanical garden in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Magnoliopsida is the Botanical name for a class of Flowering plants By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its Gunnerales is an order of Flowering plants. In the APG II system (2003 it contains two genera Gunnera and Myrothamnus Gunneraceae is the Botanical name for a family of Flowering plants. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank.

Gunnera is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants, some of them gigantic. A herbaceous plant (or in botanical use a Herb) is a Plant that has leaves and stems that die down at the end of The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group The genus is the only member of the family Gunneraceae.

The 40-50 species vary enormously in leaf size. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. Gunnera manicata, native to the Serra do Mar mountains of southeastern Brazil, is perhaps the largest species, with leaves typically 1. Gunnera manicata, or giant rhubarb is an Ornamental plant in the Gunneraceae family and is native to Brazil |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld 5-2 m (5-6 ft) wide, but exceptionally long, up to 3. 4 m (11 ft), borne on thick, succulent leaf stalks (petioles) up to 2. In Botany, the petiole is the small stalk attaching the Leaf blade to the stem. 5 m (8 ft) long. It germinates best in very moist, but not wet, conditions and temperatures of 22 to 29 °C.

Only slightly smaller is G. masafuerae of the Juan Fernandez Islands off the Chilean coast. Juan Fernández (c 1536 &ndash c 1604 was a Spanish explorer and navigator Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the They can have leaves up to 2. 9 m (9 ft 5 inches) in width on stout leaf stalks 1. 5 m (5 ft) long and 11 cm (4. 5 in) thick according to Skottsberg. On nearby Isla Más Afuera, G. Alejandro Selkirk Island, previously known as Isla Más Afuera, is the second largest and most westernly island of the Juan Fernández Islands. peltata frequently has an upright trunk to 5. 5 m (18 ft) in height by 25–30 cm (10–12 in) thick, bearing leaves up to 2 m (6 ft 4 inches) wide. G. magnifica of the Colombian Andes bears the largest leaf buds of any plant; up to 60 cm (2 ft) long and 40 cm (16 inches) thick. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. The succulent leaf stalks are up to 2. Succulent plants, also known as succulents or fat plants, are Water -retaining Plants adapted to Arid climate or Soil conditions 7 m (8 ft 10 inches) long. The massive inflorescence of small, reddish flowers is up to 2. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of Flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main Branch or a complicated arrangement of branches A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also 3 m (7 ft 6 inches) long and weighs about 13 kg. Other giant Gunnera species are found throughout the Neotropics and Hawaii. In Biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial Ecozones This ecozone includes South and Central America the The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the

Several small species are found in New Zealand, notably G. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island albocarpa, with leaves only 1–2 cm long, and also in South America, with G. magellanica having leaves 5–9 cm wide on stalks 8–15 cm long.

Commonly known as "giant rhubarb". Rheum is a genus of Perennial plants that grows from thick short Rhizomes The genus is in the family Polygonaceae, and includes the vegetable

Gunnera manicata Devon, England
Gunnera manicata Devon, England

This genus was named after the Norwegian botanist Johann Ernst Gunnerus. Johan Ernst Gunnerus (1718 &ndash September 23, 1773) was a Norwegian Bishop and Botanist.

Selected species

Contents

Cyanobacterial Symbiosis

In nature, all Gunnera plants form a symbiosis with a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, thought to be exclusively Nostoc punctiforme. Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping Herbaceous plant in the family Gunneraceae, with clusters of small (2 to 7  cm) grey-brown Gunnera manicata, or giant rhubarb is an Ornamental plant in the Gunneraceae family and is native to Brazil Gunnera tinctoria, the Chilean rhubarb, is a plant species native to southern Chile and neighbour zones in Argentina. The bacteria invade the plant via glands found at the base of each leaf stalk[1] and initiate an intracellular symbiosis which is thought to provide the plant with fixed nitrogen in return for fixed carbon for the bacterium. This intracellular interaction is unique in higher plants and may provide insights to allow the creation of novel symbioses between crop plants and cyanobacteria, allowing growth in areas lacking fixed nitrogen in the soil.

Uses

The stalks of G. tinctoria (nalcas) are edible. Their principal use is fresh consumption, but also they are prepared in salads, liquor or marmalade. Leaves of this species are used in covering curanto (a traditional Chilean food). Curanto is a traditional food of Chiloé Island that has spread to the southern areas of Chile and Argentina.

Gunnera perpensa is used as a source of traditional medicine in Southern Africa.

References

  1. ^ Blackwell Synergy - Cookie Absent

External links

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