The Gulf of Aden (Arabic: خليج عدن; transliterated: Khalyj 'Adan Somali: Khaleejka Cadan) is located in the Arabian Sea between Yemen on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula and Somalia in the Horn of Africa. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Different approaches and methods for the Romanization of Arabic exist Somali ( Af Soomaali, الصوماليه is a member of the East Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by ethnic Somalis The Arabian Sea ( Arabic: بحر العرب transliterated: Baḥr al-'Arab Sanskrit: सिन्धु सागर transliterated: Yemen ( Arabic: اليَمَن al-Yaman officially the Republic of Yemen ( Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhuuriyya The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known The Horn of Africa (alternatively Northeast Africa, and sometimes Somali Peninsula; shortened to HOA) is a Peninsula in East Africa In the northwest, it connects with the Red Sea through the Bab el Mandeb strait. The Red Sea is a Salt water Inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. The Bab-el-Mandeb (variously Transliterated Mandab or Mandib, and with article "el-" given also as "al-" with or without connecting

Contents 1 Commerce and trade in the Gulf 2 Hydrography of the Gulf 3 Ecology of the Gulf 4 Crime and terror in the Gulf 5 Notes

Commerce and trade in the Gulf

The Gulf of Aden is a vital waterway for shipping, especially for Persian Gulf oil, making it an integral waterway in the world economy. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit ^[1] Approximately 11 percent of the world's seaborne petroleum passes through the Gulf of Aden on its way to the Suez Canal or to regional refineries. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit The Suez Canal is a Canal in Egypt. Opened in 1869 it allows Water transportation between Europe and Asia without circumnavigation ^[2] The main ports along the Gulf are Aden (in Yemen), Zeila, Berbera, and Bosaso in Somalia. Aden (ˈeɪdən Arabic: عدن) is a city in Yemen, 170 kilometers east of Bab-el-Mandeb. Zeila ( Saylac) is a port city on the Gulf of Aden coast and is located in the Awdal region of Somalia near the Djibouti border History The city was first described in the eighth chapter of the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea written by a Greek merchant in the first century CE Bosaso (Boosaaso is a large city in Somalia and the main Port of Somalia (since the start of the Somali Civil War in 1991 Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known

In earlier history, the city of Crater, located just east of the modern city of Aden, was an important port in regional trade. Crater (also Kraytar) (Eng Ar كريتر is one of unofficial names of the oldest districts of the port city of Aden. Crater was the principal harbor of the pre-Islamic kingdom of Awsan, and after its annexation by the kingdom of Saba at the end of the 5th century, the port of Crater played a significant role in connecting Africa with Arabia. The ancient Kingdom of Awsan in South Arabia (modern Yemen) with a capital at Hagar Yahirr in the wadi Markha to the south of the wadi Bayhan is now marked by a Tell See also Ancient history of Yemen The Sabaeans ( Arabic: السبأيين were an ancient people speaking an Old South Arabian language who

Hydrography of the Gulf

The temperature of the Gulf of Aden varies between 15 °C (59 °F) and 28 °C (82 °F), depending on the season and the appearance of monsoons. A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months The salinity of the Gulf at 10 metres (33 ft) depth varies from 35. 3 ‰ along the eastern Somali coast to as high as 37. A per mil or per mille (also spelled permil, per mill or promille) ( Latin, literally meaning 'for (every thousand' is a tenth 3 ‰ in the Gulf's center,^[3] while the oxygen content in the Gulf of Aden at the same depth is typically between 4. 0 and 5. 0 mL/L. ^[4]

Ecology of the Gulf

A geologically young body of water, the Gulf of Aden has a unique biodiversity that contains many varieties of fish, coral, seabirds, and invertebrates. Biodiversity is the variation of Life forms within a given Ecosystem, Biome or for the entire Earth. Fish are aquatic Vertebrate animals that are typically ectothermic (previously Cold-blooded) covered with scales, and equipped with two Corals are Marine organisms from the class Anthozoa and exist as small Sea anemone –like Polyps typically in colonies of many Seabirds are Birds that have adapted to life within the marine environment An invertebrate is an Animal lacking a Vertebral column. The group includes 98% of all animal Species — all animals except those in the Chordate This rich ecological diversity has benefited from a relative lack of pollution during the history of human habitation around the Gulf, but environmental groups fear that the lack of a coordinated effort to control pollution may jeopardize the Gulf's ecosphere. ^[5]

Crime and terror in the Gulf

The Gulf of Aden is an area known for acts of piracy,^[6] making its waters dangerous for water transport. Piracy is Robbery committed at sea or sometimes on shore without a commission from a sovereign Nation (as distinct from Privateering The International Maritime Bureau reported over two dozen actual and attempted attacks in 2007 in the Gulf off of the coast of Somalia. The International Maritime Bureau (IMB is a specialised bureau of the International Chamber of Commerce. ^[7] On 4 April 2008, pirates commandeered a French luxury yacht in the Gulf of Aden with 34 crew members off the coast of Somalia. Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. A yacht is a recreational boat It designates two rather different classes of Watercraft, sailing and power yachts ^[8]

Moreover, a number of terrorist attacks have been carried out in the Gulf, including the 2000 attack on the American guided missile destroyer the USS Cole. Terrorism is the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion A guided missile destroyer is a Destroyer designed to launch Guided missiles Many are also equipped to carry out anti-submarine, anti-air The USS Cole bombing was a Suicide bombing attack against the U

Notes

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