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Guitar effects are electronic devices that modify the tone, pitch, or sound of an electric guitar. Effects can be housed in effects pedals, guitar amplifiers, guitar amplifier simulation software, and rackmount preamplifiers or processors. An effects pedal (or a " Stomp Box " is an electronic Effects unit housed in a small metal or plastic chassis used by musicians usually Electric A guitar amplifier is an Electronic amplifier designed for use with an electric or electronic Musical instrument, such as an Electric guitar. Electronic effects and signal processing form an important part of the electric guitar tone used in many genres, such as rock, pop, blues, and metal. An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder

Guitar effects are also used with other instruments in rock, pop, blues, and metal, such as electronic keyboards and synthesizers. Electric bass players use bass effects, which are designed to work with low-frequency tones of the bass. The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the Bass effects are electronic devices used to modify the tone pitch or sound of electric bass guitars or more rarely amplified Double basses Bass effects can be housed

The TS9 Tubescreamer from Ibanez, a popular[citation needed] pedal adding vacuum tube-like distortion (via transistors) to the output signal from electric instruments.
The TS9 Tubescreamer from Ibanez, a popular pedal adding vacuum tube-like distortion (via transistors) to the output signal from electric instruments. Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. This article is about the electronic device not an evacuated pipe used for experiments in Free-fall. A distortion is the alteration of the original shape (or other characteristic of an object image sound waveform or other form of information or representation In Electronics, a transistor is a Semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals

Contents

Distortion-related effects

Main article: Distortion (guitar)

Distortion is an important part of an electric guitar's sound in many genres, particularly for rock, hard rock, and metal. A distortion pedal takes a normal electric guitar signal and distorts the signal's waveform by "clipping" the signal. There are several different types of distortion effects, each with distinct sonic characteristics. These include overdrive/distortion (or vacuum tube-style distortion), overdrive/crunch, fuzz, and hi-gain.

Overdrive Distortion

Main article: Overdrive

Overdrive distortion is a well-known distortion. While the general purpose is to emulate classic "warm-tube" sounds, distortion pedals such as the ones in this list can be distinguished from overdrive pedals in that the intent is to provide players with instant access to the sound of a high-gain Marshall amplifier such as the JCM800 pushed past the point of tonal breakup and into the range of tonal distortion known to electric guitarists as "saturated gain. " Although most distortion devices use solid-state circuitry, some "tube distortion" pedals are designed with preamplifier vacuum tubes. In some cases, tube distortion pedals use power tubes or a preamp tube used as a power tube driving a built-in "dummy load. " Pedals designed specifically for bass guitar are also available. Some distortion pedals include:

Overdrive/Crunch

Some distortion effects provide an "overdrive" effect. T-Rex Engineering ApS is a manufacturer of hand-made Electric guitar effects pedals DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. Danelectro is a manufacturer of musical instruments and accessories specializing in Guitars Bass guitars amplifiers and Effects units Either by using a vacuum tube, or by using simulated tube modeling techniques, the top of the wave form is compressed, thus giving a smoother distorted signal than regular distortion effects. When an overdrive effect is used at a high setting, the sound's waveform can become clipped, which imparts a gritty or "dirty" tone, which sounds like a tube amplifier "driven" to its limit. Used in conjunction with an amplifier, especially a tube amplifier, driven to the point of mild tonal breakup, short of what would be generally considered distortion or overdrive, these pedals can produce extremely thick distortion sounds much like those used by Carlos Santana or Eddie Van Halen. Today there is a huge variety of overdrive pedals, and some of them are:

Fuzz

Main article: Fuzzbox

Fuzz was originally intended to recreate the classic 1960's tone of an overdriven tube amp combined with torn speaker cones. The Ibanez Tube Screamer is an overdrive Effect pedal produced by Ibanez which is named for the fact that its light Distortion is similar to Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and The Bad Monkey is a popular Electric guitar effects pedal manufactured by DigiTech. Danelectro is a manufacturer of musical instruments and accessories specializing in Guitars Bass guitars amplifiers and Effects units A fuzzbox (or fuzz box) is a type of Effects pedal comprising an amplifier and a clipping circuit which generates a distorted version of the Oldschool guitar players (like Link Wray) would use a screwdriver to poke several holes through the paperboard part of the guitar amp speaker to achieve a similar sound. Fred Lincoln "Link" Wray Jr ( May 2, 1929 – November 5, 2005) was an American Rock and roll Guitarist Since the original designs, more extreme fuzz pedals have been designed and produced, incorporating octave-up effects, oscillation, gating, and greater amounts of distortion.

Some fuzzbox pedals include:

Hi-Gain

Hi-Gain (descended from the more generic electric guitar amplification term high-gain) is the sound most used in Heavy Metal. ZVex Fuzz Factory is a Fuzz box made by the American inventor and musician Zachary Vex of the Z Dallas Arbiter is a company formed by the merger of John E Dallas and Sons musical instrument company and Arbiter Electronics The Fuzz Face is an Effects pedal used mainly by electric guitarists and by some bass players Electro-Harmonix is The Big Muff is a Fuzzbox produced in New York City by the Electro-Harmonix company along with their Russian sister company Sovtek, primarily Electro-Harmonix is Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. High gain in normal electric guitar playing simply references a thick sound produced by heavily overdriven amplifier tubes, a distortion pedal, or some combination of both--the essential component is the typically loud, thick, harmonically rich, and sustaining quality of the tone. However, the Hi-Gain sound of modern pedals is somewhat distinct from, although descended from, this sound. The distortion often produces sounds not possible any other way. Many extreme distortions are either hi-gain or the descendents of such. The Mesa Boogie Triple Rectifier Series of amps are an example. Mesa/Boogie (also known as Mesa Engineering is a Company in Petaluma California that makes Amplifiers for Guitars and basses

Some Hi-Gain Pedals Include:

Power-tube pedal

A Power-Tube pedal contains a power tube and optional dummy load, or a preamp tube used as a power tube. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Electro-Harmonix is DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. Danelectro is a manufacturer of musical instruments and accessories specializing in Guitars Bass guitars amplifiers and Effects units MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry This allows the device to produce power-tube distortion independently of volume; therefore, power-tube distortion can be used as an effects module in an effects chain. Some examples are:

Power attenuator

Main article: Power attenuator (guitar)

A power Attenuator enables a player to obtain power-tube distortion independently of listening volume. Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. Damage control is the term used in the Merchant Marine, maritime industry and navies for the emergency control of situations that may hazard the sinking of a ship Electro-Harmonix is In electric rock guitar, attenuators are used to dissipate some or all of the amplifier's power in the attenuator's built-in mostly resistive dummy load instead of A power attenuator is a dummy load placed between the guitar amplifier's power tubes and the guitar speaker, or a power-supply based circuit to reduce the plate voltage on the power tubes. Examples of power attenuators are the Marshall PowerBrake and THD HotPlate.

Filtering-related effects

Equalizer

Main article: Equalization

An equalizer adjusts the frequency response in a number of different frequency bands. Equalization (or equalisation, EQ) is the process of changing the frequency envelope of a sound in Audio processing. A graphic equalizer (or "graphic EQ") provides slider controls for a number of frequency region. Each of these bands has a fixed width (Q) and a fixed center-frequency, and as such, the slider changes only the level of the frequency band. The tone controls on guitars, guitar amps, and most pedals are similarly fixed-Q and fixed-frequency, but unlike a graphic EQ, rotary controls are used rather than sliders.

Most parametric EQ pedals (such as the [1] Boss PQ-4) provide semi-parametric EQ. That is, in addition to level control, each band provides either a center frequency or Q width control. Parametric EQs have rotating controls rather than sliders.

Placement of EQ in a distortion signal processing chain affects the basic guitar amp tone. Using a guitar's rotary tone control potentiometer is a form of pre-distortion EQ. Placing an EQ pedal before a distortion pedal or before a guitar amp's built-in preamp distortion provides preliminary control of the preamp distortion voicing.

For more complete control of preamp distortion voicing, an additional EQ pedal can be placed after a distortion pedal; or, equivalently, the guitar amp's tone controls, after the built-in preamp distortion, can be used. An EQ pedal in the amp's effects loop, or the amp's tone controls placed after preamp distortion, constitutes post-distortion EQ, which finishes shaping the preamp distortion and sets up the power-tube distortion voicing.

As an example of pre-distortion EQ, Eddie Van Halen places a 6-band MXR EQ pedal before the Marshall amplifier head (pre-distortion EQ). Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer Slash places a Boss GE-7, a 7-band EQ pedal, before his Marshall amp. Saul Hudson (born 23 July 1965 more widely known by his stage name Slash, is an English - African American Guitarist best known as the former This technique is similar to placing a Wah pedal before the amp's preamp distortion and leaving the Wah pedal positioned part-way down, sometimes mentioned as "fixed wah," (pre-distortion EQ), along with adjusting the amp's tone controls (post-distortion EQ).

If a dummy load guitar-amp configuration is used, an additional EQ position becomes available, between the dummy load and the final amplifier that drives the guitar speaker. Van Halen used an additional EQ in this position. This configuration is commonly used with rackmount systems.

Finally, an EQ pedal such as a 10-band graphic EQ pedal can be placed in the Insert jack of a mixer to replace the mixer channel's EQ controls, providing graphical control over the miked guitar speaker signal.

Equalization-related effects pedals include Wah, Auto-Wah, and Phase Shifter. Most EQ pedals also have an overall Level control distinct from the frequency-specific controls, thus enabling an EQ pedal to act as a configurable level-boost pedal. Some EQ pedals include:

Wah pedal

Main article: Wah-wah pedal

A wah-wah pedal is a foot-operated pedal, technically a kind of band-pass filter, which allows only a small portion of the incoming signal's frequencies to pass. MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. A wah-wah pedal (or just wah pedal) is a type of Guitar Effects pedal that alters the tone of the signal to create a distinctive effect intended to mimic Rocking the pedal back and forth alternately allows lower and higher frequencies to pass through, the effect being similar to a person saying "wah". The wah pedal, used with guitar, is most associated with 1960s psychedelic rock and 1970s funk. During this period wah-wah pedals often incorporated a fuzzbox to process the sound before the wah-wah circuit, the combination producing a dramatic effect known as fuzz-wah. A fuzzbox (or fuzz box) is a type of Effects pedal comprising an amplifier and a clipping circuit which generates a distorted version of the A fuzz-wah pedal is a Stomp box containing a Fuzzbox and a Wah-wah pedal in series

Some wah-wah pedals include:

Auto-Wah / Envelope Filter

Main article: Auto-wah

An auto-wah is a wah-wah pedal without a rocker pedal, controlled instead by the dynamic envelope of the signal. The Jim Dunlop Cry Baby (also known as the Crybaby) is a highly popular Wah-wah pedal, manufactured by Dunlop Manufacturing Inc Vox is a musical equipment manufacturer which is most famous for making the Vox AC30 guitar amplifier, the Vox Electric organ, and a series of innovative Auto-wah (also known as an "envelope following filter" or just " envelope filter " is a type of Wah-wah Effects pedal typically used An auto-wah, also called more technically an envelope filter, uses the level of the guitar signal to control the wah filter position, so that as a note is played, it automatically starts with the sound of a wah-wah pedal pulled back, and then quickly changes to the sound of a wah-wah pedal pushed forward, or the reverse movement depending on the settings. Controls include wah-wah pedal direction and input level sensitivity. This is an EQ-related effect and can be placed before preamp distortion or before power-tube distortion with natural sounding results. Auto-Wah pedals include:


Talk Box

Main article: Talk box

Early forms of the talk box, such as the Heil Talk Box, first appeared in Country Music circles in Nashville in the 1940',s 1950's, and 1960's, by artist like swing band pedal steel player Alvino Rey, Link Wray ("Rumble"), Bill West, a Country Music steel guitar player and husband of Dottie West, and Pete Drake, a Nashville mainstay on the pedal steel guitar and friend of Bill West. Electro-Harmonix is MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry A talk box is an effects device that allows a musician to modify the sound of a Musical instrument. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. Alvin McBurney ( July 1[[ 907]] – February 2 2004) known by his stage name Alvino Rey, was an American Swing era Fred Lincoln "Link" Wray Jr ( May 2, 1929 – November 5, 2005) was an American Rock and roll Guitarist Steel guitar is A method of playing Slide guitar using a steel. Dottie West (born October 11, 1932 &ndash September 4, 1991) was an American Country music singer and was one of Country Pete Drake ( 8 October 1932 – 29 July 1988) born Roddis Franklin Drake, was a major Nashville, Tennessee -based The pedal steel guitar is a type of Electric guitar that uses a metal slide to stop the strings rather than fingers on strings as with a conventional guitar Drake used it on his 1964 album Forever, in what came to be called his "talking steel guitar. Events January 1 - Top of the Pops premieres on BBC television " The device used the guitar amplifier's output to drive a speaker horn that pushed air into a tube held in the player's mouth, which filters and thereby shapes the sound leading to a unique effect. The singer and guitarist Peter Frampton made this effect famous with hit songs such as "Do You Feel Like We Do" and "Show Me the Way," as did Joe Walsh on "Rocky Mountain Way. Peter Kenneth Frampton (born 22 April 1950 in Beckenham, Kent) is an English Musician, best known today for his solo " Do You Feel Like We Do " is a Song by Peter Frampton originally on the Frampton's Camel album released in 1973. Joseph Fidler "Joe" Walsh (born November 20, 1947) is an American Guitarist, songwriter and Rock musician He has been a " Rocky Mountain Way " is a 1973 song by rock Guitarist Joe Walsh and also a 1985 compilation album by Walsh which features the song " On Van Halen's cover of "You Really Got Me" Eddie Van Halen uses a talk box after the guitar solo to make a sound similar to a person having sex. Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer Newer devices, such as Danelectro's Free Speech pedal, use a microphone and vocoder-like circuit to modulate the frequency response of the guitar signal. A vocoder, ˈvoʊkoʊdər (a Portmanteau of vox/voc ( voice) and encoder) is an analysis / synthesis system mostly used for speech in which the input is Some Talk Boxes include: The Dunlop Heil Talk Box, Rocktron Banshee, and Peter Frampton's own company,Framptone.

Volume-related effects

Volume pedal

A volume pedal is a volume potentiometer that is tilted forward or back by foot. A volume pedal enables a musician to adjust the volume of their instrument while they are performing. Volume pedals can also be used to make the guitar's notes or chords fade in and out. This allows the percussive plucking of the strings to be softened or eliminated entirely, imparting a human-vocal sound. Volume pedals are also widely used with pedal steel guitars in country music. It has also been used to great effect in rock music; the Pat McGee Band's live version of "Can't Miss What You Never Had" on General Admission illustrates what the pedal is capable of. Some volume pedals are:

Auto-Volume/Envelope Volume

Just as an Auto-Wah is a version of a Wah pedal controlled by the signal's dynamic envelope, there is an envelope-controlled version of a volume pedal. Ernie Ball (1930 – September 9 2004) was an American Entrepreneur, musician and innovator widely acclaimed as a revolutionary in the development Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Vox is a musical equipment manufacturer which is most famous for making the Vox AC30 guitar amplifier, the Vox Electric organ, and a series of innovative This is generally used to mimic automatically the sound of picking a note while the guitar's volume knob is turned down, then smoothly turning the knob up, for a violin-like muted attack. An example is:

Tremolo

Main article: Tremolo

Tremolo is a regular and repetitive variation in gain for the duration of a single note, which works like an auto-volume knob. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Tremolo, or tremolando, is a Musical term with several meanings A regular and repetitive variation in Amplitude for the duration This is a volume-related effects pedal. This effect is based on one of the earliest effects that were built into guitar amplifiers. Examples include:

Compressor

Main article: Audio level compression

A compressor acts as an automatic volume control, progressively decreasing the output level as the incoming signal gets louder, and vice versa. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Electro-Harmonix is Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and Dynamic range compression, also called DRC (often seen in DVD player settings or simply compression, is a process that reduces the Dynamic range of It preserves the note's attack rather than silencing it as with an Envelope Volume pedal. This adjustment of the volume for the attack and tail of a note evens out the overall volume of an instrument. Compressors can also change the behaviour of other effects, especially distortion. When applied toward the guitar, it can provide a uniformed sustained note; when applied to instruments with a normally short attack, such as drums or harpsichord, compression can drastically change the resulting sound.

Another kind of compressor is the optical compressor which uses a light source (LED or lamp) to compress the signal.

Some compressor pedals are:

Time-based effects

Delay/Echo

Main article: Delay (audio effect)

A delay or echo pedal creates a copy of an incoming sound and slightly time-delays it, creating either a "slap" (single repetition) or an echo (multiple repetitions) effect. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and T-Rex Engineering ApS is a manufacturer of hand-made Electric guitar effects pedals Electro-Harmonix is Delay is an Audio effect which records an input signal to an audio storage medium, and then plays it back after a period of time Delay pedals may use either analog or digital technology. Analog delays often are less flexible and not as "perfect" sounding as digital delays, but some guitarists argue that analog effects produce "warmer" tones. Early delay devices actually used magnetic tape to produce the time delay effect. U2's guitarist, The Edge, is known for his extensive use of delay effects. David Howell Evans (born 8 August 1961 in Barking, East London) more widely known by his Moniker The Edge, is a Musician known best Some common Delay pedals are:

Another technology that is used in Delay units is a feedback circuit, consisting of a tracking oscillator circuit to hold a note of the last interval, and after amplifying the signal, send it back to the input side of the delay. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. The BOSS DD-6 is the second-most recent incarnation of the BOSS Digital Delay effect pedal. Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and T-Rex Engineering ApS is a manufacturer of hand-made Electric guitar effects pedals Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. TC Electronic is a Danish Audio equipment manufacturer founded by two brothers Kim and John Rishøj in 1976 Danelectro is a manufacturer of musical instruments and accessories specializing in Guitars Bass guitars amplifiers and Effects units While it was first associated with Boss DF-2 Super Feedbacker & Distortion, currently, the signal feedback circuit is employed by Delay pedals, and if used under "hold" mode (As in Boss DD-3) it will provide a sustain effect instead of simply a delay effect.

Looping

Extremely long delay times form a looping pedal, which allows performers to record a phrase or passage and play along with it. This allows a solo performer to record an accompaniment or ostinato passage and then, with the looping pedal playing back this passage, perform solo improvisations over the accompaniment. The guitarist creates the loop either on the spot or it is held in storage for later use (as in playback) when needed. Some examples of loops effects are:

Reverb

Main article: Reverb

Reverbration, or "reverb", is the persistence of sound in a particular space after the original sound is removed. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. The DigiTech JamMan is a looper pedal invented by DigiTech. It shares the name but is unrelated to the earlier Lexicon JamMan unit Electro-Harmonix is Reverberation is the persistence of Sound in a particular space after the original sound is removed Sound' is Vibration transmitted through a Solid, Liquid, or Gas; particularly sound means those vibrations composed of Frequencies When sound is produced in a space, a large number of echoes build up and then slowly decay as the sound is absorbed by the walls and air, creating reverberation, or reverb. In Audio signal processing and Acoustics, an echo (plural echoes) is a reflection of sound arriving at the listener some time after the direct A plate reverb system uses an electromechanical transducer, similar to the driver in a loudspeaker, to create vibration in a plate of sheet metal. A transducer is a device usually electrical, electronic, Electro-mechanical, Electromagnetic, Photonic, or Photovoltaic Sheet metal is simply Metal formed into thin and flat pieces It is one of the fundamental forms used in Metalworking, and can be cut and bent into a variety A pickup captures the vibrations as they bounce across the plate, and the result is output as an audio signal. A pickup device acts as a Transducer that captures mechanical vibrations (usually from suitably equipped Stringed instruments such as the Electric guitar A spring reverb system uses a transducer at one end of a spring and a pickup at the other, similar to those used in plate reverbs, to create and capture vibrations within a metal spring. A spring is a flexible elastic object used to store mechanical Energy. Guitar amplifiers frequently incorporate spring reverbs due to their compact construction. A guitar amplifier is an Electronic amplifier designed for use with an electric or electronic Musical instrument, such as an Electric guitar. Spring reverberators were once widely used in semi-professional recording due to their modest cost and small size. Due to quality problems and improved digital reverb units, spring reverberators are declining rapidly in use. Digital reverb units use various signal processing algorithms in order to create the reverb effect. Digital signal processing ( DSP) is concerned with the representation of the signals by a sequence of numbers or symbols and the processing of these signals In Mathematics, Computing, Linguistics and related subjects an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions often used for Calculation Since reverberation is essentially caused by a very large number of echoes, simple DSPs use multiple feedback delay circuits to create a large, decaying series of echoes that die out over time. A digital signal processor ( DSP or DSP micro) is a specialized Microprocessor designed specifically for Digital signal processing, generally Delay is an Audio effect which records an input signal to an audio storage medium, and then plays it back after a period of time

Examples of reverb pedals include:

Modulation-related effects

Rotary Speaker

Before such effects are available electronically, these are accomplished by the use of Rotary speakers, by spinning the speakers and/or place a rotating baffle in front of it. DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. Electro-Harmonix is Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and This creates a doppler effect, and depend on the speed of the rotation, translate into phasing, flanging, chorus, vibrato, or even tremolo. The Doppler effect (or Doppler shift) named after Christian Doppler, is the change in Frequency and Wavelength of a Wave for

All the electronic-based effects can duplicate the sound of a rotating speakers, as all the following effects differ based on speed, volume, and modulation. In fact, it is not uncommon for a pedal to be capable of doing two or more of modulation effects.

Phase Shifter

Main article: Phase shifter

A phase shifter creates a complex frequency response containing many regularly-spaced "notches" in an incoming signal by combining it with a copy of itself out of phase, and shifting the phase relationship cyclically. A phaser is an Audio signal processing technique used to filter a signal by creating a series of peaks and troughs in the frequency spectrum The phase of an oscillation or wave is the fraction of a complete cycle corresponding to an offset in the displacement from a specified reference point at time t = 0 The phasing effect creates a "whooshing" sound that is reminiscent of the sound of a flying jet. This effect dominates the sound in the song Star Guitar by Chemical Brothers. " Star Guitar " is the second single from The Chemical Brothers 2002 Album Come with Us. The Chemical Brothers are an English Grammy Award winning Electronic music duo of Tom Rowlands and Ed Simons (occasionally referred to as Chemical The song was not played with any guitars but one can hear the phasing effect. The instrument being phased was actually a synthesizer. Some electronic "rotating speaker simulators" are actually phase shifters. Phase shifters were popular in the 1970s, particularly used with electric piano and funk bass guitar. The number of stages in a phase shifter is the number of moving dips in the frequency response curve. From a sonic perspective, this effect is equalization-oriented. However, it may be derived through moderate time-based processing. Some phaser pedals include:

Vibrato

A Vibe or vibrato pedal reproduces the sound of a rotating speaker by synchronizing volume oscillation, frequency-specific volume oscillation, vibrato (pitch wavering), phase shifting, and chorusing in relation to a non-rotating speaker. MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Electro-Harmonix is The term Moog (ˈmoʊg as in 'vogue' Synthesizer can refer to any number of Analog synthesizers designed by Dr DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. The Leslie speaker is a specially constructed amplifier/ Loudspeaker used to create special audio effects utilizing the Doppler effect. The modulation speed can be ramped up or down, with separate speeds for the bass and treble frequencies, to simulate the sound of a rotating bass speaker and a rotating horn. This effect is simultaneously a volume-oriented effect, an equalization-oriented effect, and a time-based effect. Furthermore, this effect is typically related to chorus. Some vibe pedals also include an overdrive effect, which allows the performer to add "tube"-style distortion. Some Vibe pedals include:

Some vibe-chorus pedals include

Flanger

Main article: Flanging

A flanger simulates the sound effect originally created by momentarily slowing the tape during recording by holding something against the flange, or edge of the tape reel, and then allowing it to speed up again. Dunlop Manufacturing Inc, known to many as Jim Dunlop, is a popular music supplies company based in Benicia California, U The Univibe (or UniVibe, or Uni-Vibe) is a footpedal -operated phaser or Phase shifter for the Guitar. The Rotovibe foot pedal is an electronic rotating speaker simulator for electric guitar produced and marketed by Dunlop Manufacturing. Flanging is a time-based Audio effect that occurs when two identical signals are mixed together but with one signal time-delayed by a small and gradually changing amount This effect was used to simulate passing into "warp speed," in scifi films, and also in psychedelic rock music of the 1960s. Flanging has a sound similar to an auto-wah, but weaker, yet is closely related to the production of chorus.

The first pedal-operated flanger designed for use as a guitar effect was designed by Jim Gamble of Tycobrahe Sound Company in Hermosa Beach, CA, during the mid 1970s. Last made in 1977, the existing "Pedalflangers" appear occasionally on eBay and sell for several hundred dollars. A modern "clone" of the Tycobrahe Pedalflanger is sold by Chicago Iron. Famous users of this Flanger effect include Randy Rhoads and Eddie Van Halen, coincidentally they both used the MXR M-117R flanger and Eddie Van Halen even has his own signature model now. Randall William "Randy" Rhoads ( December 6, 1956 – March 19, 1982) was an American Heavy metal Guitarist Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer

Examples:

Chorus

Main article: Chorus effect

Chorus splits your guitar's signal in two, modulating the second signal's pitch and mixing back in with the "dry" original signal. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Danelectro is a manufacturer of musical instruments and accessories specializing in Guitars Bass guitars amplifiers and Effects units Electro-Harmonix is A chorus effect is A condition in the way people perceive similar sounds coming from multiple sources The effect sounds like several guitarists playing the same thing at the same time, resulting in a wide swelling sound. Some common chorus pedals are:


Rotary Speaker Simulator

Despite the numerous different analog devices, it is very rare for them to be able to duplicate all aspect of a Leslie speaker. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Electro-Harmonix is Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. The Digitech Whammy is a pitch-shifter effects pedal manufactured by Digitech. TC Electronic is a Danish Audio equipment manufacturer founded by two brothers Kim and John Rishøj in 1976 Danelectro is a manufacturer of musical instruments and accessories specializing in Guitars Bass guitars amplifiers and Effects units Thus, Rotary Speaker Simulator are always going to be digital, utilizing modelling algorithms to model the relations between the rotating horns and bass baffle, and how the sound bounce around the cabinet. As Leslie also have an amplifier section, most of these typically have overdrives to simulate that aspect. Some of these pedals can even accept keyboard's input.


Pitch-related effects

Octaver

Main article: Octave effect

An octaver mixes the input signal with a synthesised signal whose musical pitch is an octave lower or higher than the original. Octave-effect boxes are a type of special Effects unit which mix the input signal with a synthesised signal whose musical tone is an Octave lower or higher than the Effects that synthesize intervals besides octaves are referred to as harmonizers or pitch shifters, shown below. These are frequently used in bands without a bassist.

Octave Up pedals include:

Octave Down pedals include:

Pitch Shifter

Main article: Pitch shifting

A pitch shifter is a device that alters the pitch of the instruments. Electro-Harmonix is Electro-Harmonix is Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Electro-Harmonix is MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Pitch shift is a Sound recording technique in which the normal pitch or tone of a sound is altered ("shifted" for effect or for other purposes They are generally used with an expression pedal to give a smooth bend-like effect. Pitch shifters can also be used to electronically "detune" the instrument. Some examples are:

Other effects

Feedbacker/Sustainer

While audio feedback in general is undesirable due to the high frequency overtone, when controlled properly, it can provide true sustain of the sound (instead of using a distortion/compressor to make quiet notes louder, or a feedback of a signal in a circuit as in a delay unit). The Digitech Whammy is a pitch-shifter effects pedal manufactured by Digitech. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Electro-Harmonix is Audio Feedback (also known as the Larsen effect after the Danish scientist Søren Larsen who first discovered its principles is a special kind of Feedback Several approaches have been used to produce guitar feedback effects, which sustain the sound from the guitar:

Switcher/Mixer (or "A/B" pedal)

A switcher pedal (also called an "A/B" pedal) enables players to run two effects or two effects chains in parallel, or switch between two effects with a single press of the pedal.

Some switcher pedals also incorporate a simple mixer, which allows mixing the dry guitar signal to be mixed with an effected signal. This is useful to make overly processed effects more mild and natural sounding. Examples of the use of the mixer function include:

Some examples of switcher pedals include:

Some examples of Switcher/mixer pedals include:

Noise Gate

Main article: Noise gate

A noise gate allows a signal to pass through only when the signal's intensity is above a set threshold, which opens the gate. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. A Noise Gate or gate is an Electronic device or Software logic that is used to control the volume of an audio signal If the signal falls below the threshold, the gate closes, and no signal is allowed to pass. A noise gate can be used to control noise. When the level of the 'signal' is above the level of the 'noise', the threshold is set above the level of the 'noise' so that the gate is closed when there is no 'signal'. is a one volume manga created by Tsutomu Nihei as a prequel to his ten-volume work Blame!. A noise gate does not remove noise from the signal: when the gate is open, both the signal and the noise will pass through.

Noise gates are also used as an effect to modify the envelope of signals, removing gradual attacks and decays.

Examples of noise gate pedals include:

Multi-Effects Pedals

A multi-FX pedal is a single effects device that can perform several guitar effects simultaneously. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. MXR, also known as MXR Innovations, was a manufacturer of Guitar Effects units founded in 1972 by Michael Laiacona Keith Barr and Terry Such devices generally use digital processing to simulate many of the above-mentioned effects without the need to carry several single-purpose units. In addition to the classic effects, most have amplifier/speaker simulations not found in analog units. This allows a guitarist to play directly into a recording device while simulating an amplifier and speaker of his choice.

A typical digital multi-effects pedal is programmed, with several memory locations available to save custom user settings. Many lack the front-panel knobs of analog devices, using buttons instead to program various effect parameters. Multi-effects devices continue to evolve, some gaining MIDI or USB interfaces to aid in programming. Examples include:

Samples

Fuzzed guitar

Several power chords, played clean, then with different settings of a Big Muff Pi. Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and BEHRINGER International GmbH ( Behringer) is a Global Audio equipment manufacturer founded in its present form in 1989. DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. DigiTech is a manufacturer of Guitar, Bass guitar, and Vocals Electronics. Boss is a manufacturer of Effects pedals for Electric guitar and Bass guitar. Zoom is a Japanese audio company that is distributed in the U Vox is a musical equipment manufacturer which is most famous for making the Vox AC30 guitar amplifier, the Vox Electric organ, and a series of innovative is a Japanese manufacturer of Electronic musical instruments electronic equipment and Software. is a Japanese Multinational corporation that manufactures electronic Musical instruments and Electronic tuners The company is one of the
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Pro Co RAT Distortion Pedal Sound Samples.

Boss BD-2 (Blues Driver) modified to be a Fuzz.

Proco Rat distortion pedal modified by Indyguitarist.

Further reading

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See also

External links

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