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This article is about Durandus of Mende; you may be looking for the philosopher Durandus of Saint-Pourçain. Durandus of Saint-Pourçain (c 1275 &ndash 13 September[[ 332]] / 10 September 1334) was a French philosopher and theologian

Guillaume Durand (c. 1230 – November 1, 1296) also known as Durandus, Duranti or Durantis, from the Italian form of Durandi filius, as he sometimes signed himself, was a French canonist and liturgical writer, and Bishop of Mende. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Canon law is internal ecclesiastical law governing the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches and the Anglican Communion of churches A liturgy is the customary public worship done by a specific religious group according to their particular traditions

He was born at Puimisson, near Béziers, of a noble family of Languedoc. Béziers ( Besièrs in Occitan, and Besiers in Catalan) is a town in Languedoc, in the southwest of France. Languedoc ( in French Lengadòc in Occitan) is a former Province of France, now continued in the modern-day ''régions'' of Languedoc-Roussillon He studied law at Bologna, with Bernardus of Parma, and by about 1264 was teaching Canon law with success at Modena. Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy Canon Law, the Ecclesiastical law of the Catholic Church, is a fully developed legal system with all the necessary elements courts lawyers judges a fully articulated Modena (ˈmɔːdena Mòdna in Modenese dialect is a city and a Comune ( Municipality) on the south side of the Po valley, in the Pope Clement IV, another Frenchman, called him to the pontifical court as a chaplain and auditor of the palace, and in 1274 he accompanied Clement's successor, Pope Gregory X, to the Second Council of Lyons, the constitutions of which he helped draw up. Pope Clement IV ( Saint-Gilles-du-Gard, November 23, year ca 1195 &ndash November 29, 1268 in Viterbo) born Gui Faucoi The most general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person organization system process project or product Pope The First Council of Lyon, the Thirteenth Ecumenical Council took place in 1245 As spiritual and temporal legate of the patrimony of St. Peter, he received in 1278, in the name of the pope, the homage of Bologna and of the other cities of Romagna. Pope Martin IV made him vicar spiritual in 1281, then governor of Romagna and of the March of Ancona (1283). Pope Martin IV (between 1210 and 1220 &ndash March 28, 1285) born Simon de Brion, held the Papacy from February 21, 1281 In the midst of the struggles between Guelfs and Ghibellines, Durandus successfully defended the papal territories, both by diplomacy and by arms. The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy Pope Honorius IV retained him in his offices, and although elected bishop of Mende in 1286, he remained in Italy until 1291. Pope Honorius IV (c 1210 &ndash April 3, 1287) born Giacomo Savelli, was Pope for two years from 1285 to 1287 In 1295 he refused the archbishopric of Ravenna, offered him by Pope Boniface VIII, but accepted the task of pacifying his former provinces of Romagna and the March of Ancona. Ravenna is a City and Comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Pope Boniface VIII (c 1235 &ndash October 11, 1303) born Benedetto Caetani, was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 Ancona (Ankon is a city and a seaport in the Marche, a region of central Italy, population 101909 (2005 In 1296 he withdrew to Rome, where he died.

Durandus' principal work is the Speculum iudiciale, which was compiled in 1271, and revised in 1286 and 1291. It is a general explanation of civil, criminal and canonical procedure, and also includes a survey of the subject of contracts. It is a remarkable encyclopedical synthesis of Roman and ecclesiastical law, distinguished by its clarity, its method, and especially its practical sense, and its repute was as great and lasting in the courts as in the schools. Roman law is the legal system of Ancient Rome. As used in the West the term commonly refers to legal developments prior to the Roman/Byzantine state's adopting Canon law is internal ecclesiastical law governing the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches and the Anglican Communion of churches It won Durandus the nickname of "The Speculator. " It was commented upon by Giovanni Andrea (in 1346), and by Baldus. Giovanni d'Andrea or Johannes Andreæ, (c 1270-1275 &ndash 1348 was an Italian expert in Canon law, the most renowned and successful canonist of the Baldus de Ubaldis (Italian Baldo degli Ubaldi; 1327—1400 was an Italian jurist In 1306 Cardinal Béranger drew up an alphabetical table of its contents (Inventorium). There are many manuscripts of the Speculum, and several editions, of which the most usual is that of Turin in 1578 in 2 volumes, containing all additions -among them those by Giovanni d'Andrea and tables. Giovanni d'Andrea or Johannes Andreæ, (c 1270-1275 &ndash 1348 was an Italian expert in Canon law, the most renowned and successful canonist of the This edition was reproduced at Frankfurt in 1612 and 1668.

Another important work by Durandus was the Rationale divinorum officiorum, a liturgical treatise written in Italy before 1286, on the origin and symbolic sense of the Christian ritual. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest It presents a picture of the liturgy of the 13th century in the West, studied in its various forms, its traditional sources, and its relation to the church buildings and furniture. With Martène's De antiquis Ecclesiae ritibus it is the main authority on the medieval Western liturgies. Edmond Martène ( 22 December[[ 654]] at Saint-Jean-de-Losne near Dijon – 20 June[[ 739]] at Saint-Germain-des-Prés near Paris was a French It has run through various editions since its first publication in 1459. The other important works of Durandus comprise:

His nephew, also called Guillaume Durand, was also a canonist. Guillaume Durand (died 1328 or 1330 was a French clergyman a nephew of a more famous Guillaume Durand, nicknamed "The Speculator"

References

On the elder Durand, see

On the nephew, see

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