Gernika-Lumo
The Oak of Guernica (Gernikako Arbola)
Coat of Arms
Location
Location of Guernica in Biscay
Coordinates : 43°19′N, 02°40′W Time zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer : CEST (GMT +2)
General information
Native name	Gernika-Lumo (Basque)
Spanish name	Guernica
Founded	1366
Postal code	48300
Website	www.gernika-lumo.net
Administration
Country	Spain
Autonomous Community	Basque Country
Province	Biscay
Comarca	Busturialdea
Mayor	Jose Maria Gorroño (EA)
Geography
Land Area	8. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The term administration, as used in the context of Government, differs according to Jurisdiction. In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. The Basque Country ( Basque Euskadi, Spanish País Vasco) is an autonomous community in northern Spain. In addition to its autonomous communities, Spain is divided into fifty Provinces. Population Of the 1133444 people who live in Biscay about 35% live in the capital Bilbao and 88% in its metropolitan area. A comarca (meaning Shire or County, Spanish and Portuguese plural comarcas, Catalan plural Busturialdea, the area of Busturia, is one of the original districts ( Es Merindades, eskualdeak) that united to constitute A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Eusko Alkartasuna is a Basque nationalist political party operating in Spain and France. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 6 km²
Altitude	10 m AMSL
Population
Population	15,571 (2004)
Density	1810,6 hab. Altitude is the Elevation of a point or object from a known level or datum (plural data The term above mean sea level ( AMSL) refers to the Elevation (on the ground or Altitude (in the Air) of any object relative to the In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different /km² (2004)

Guernica (pronounced [geɾˈnika] in Spanish; Basque:Gernika) is a town in the province of Biscay, in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, Spain. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain Population Of the 1133444 people who live in Biscay about 35% live in the capital Bilbao and 88% in its metropolitan area. The Basque Country ( Basque Euskadi, Spanish País Vasco) is an autonomous community in northern Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The town of Guernica is united in one municipality with neighbouring Luno ("Lumo" in Basque), Guernika-Lumo. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or The population of the municipality is 15,571 (2004). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

Outside of the Basque lands, Guernica is best known as the scene of the April 26, 1937 Bombing of Guernica, one of the first aerial bombings by Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The bombing of Guernica ( April 26, 1937) was an aerial attack on the Basque town of Guernica, causing widespread destruction and Strategic bombing is a Military strategy used in a Total war with the goal of defeating an enemy nation-state by destroying its economic ability to wage war rather Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers

Cultural importance

Guernica is historically the seat of the parliament of the province of Biscay, whose executive branch is located in nearby Bilbao. TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those Bilbao, (also Bilbo) in the North of Spain, is the largest city in the Basque Country and the capital of the province of Biscay (Basque

In prior centuries, Lumo had been the meeting place of the traditional Biscayan assembly, Urduña and chartered towns like Guernica were under the direct authority of the Lord of Biscay, and Enkarterri and the Durango area had had separate assemblies. Fuero ( Spanish) is a Spanish legal term and conceptThe word comes from Latin forum, an open space used as market tribunal Orduña ( Urduña) is a town and Municipality of 4057 inhabitants located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country A city charter or town charter (generically municipal charter) is a legal Document establishing a Municipality such as a City or Lord of Biscay ( Basque: Bizkaiko Jauna, Spanish: Señor de Vizcaya) is a historical title of the head of state of the autonomous territory Enkarterri ( Basque) or Encartaciones ( Spanish) is a historical sub-region of Vizcaya Province in the Basque Country. Durango is an industrial town situated 30km east from Bilbao in the Biscay province in the Basque Country (northern Spain) All would hold assemblies under local big trees.

As time passed, the role of separate assemblies was superseded by the single assembly in Gernika, and by 1512, its oak, known as the Gernikako Arbola, became symbolic of the traditional rights of the Basque people as a whole. Gernikako Arbola ("the tree of Gernika " in Basque) is an Oak tree that symbolizes traditional freedoms for the Biscayan The Basques (Euskaldunak are a people who inhabit a region spanning over parts of north-central Spain and southwestern France.

The trees are always renewed from their own acorns. One of these trees (the "Old Tree") lived until the 19th century, and may be seen, as a dry stump, near the assembly house. A tree planted in 1860 to replace it died in 2004 and was in turn replaced; the sapling that had been chosen to become the official Oak of Guernica is also sick so the tree will not be replaced until the earth around the site has been remedied. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

A hermitage was built besides the Gernikako Arbola to double as an assembly place, followed by the current house of assembly (Biltzar Jauregia in Basque), built in 1826. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain For the game see 1826 (board game. Year 1826 ( MDCCCXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display

The Lords of Biscay, on receiving their title, would come to Lumo to make an oath of respect to the Biscayan laws. Later the lordship became attached to the title of the King of Castile, so the kings came to Lumo to take the oath soon after assuming the throne. This is a list of counts kings and queens of Castile. It is in part a continuation of the List of Asturian monarchs and the List of Leonese monarchs

History

In 1882, Gernika - Lumo was formed, uniting the village of Lumo and the chartered town of Guernica .

A tiled wall in Gernika claims "Guernica" Gernikara, "The Guernica (painting) to Gernika. "

On April 26, 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, Guernica was the scene of the Bombing of Gernika by the Condor Legion of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of The bombing of Guernica ( April 26, 1937) was an aerial attack on the Basque town of Guernica, causing widespread destruction and The Condor Legion (Legion Condor was a unit composed of "volunteers" from the German Air Force ( Luftwaffe) which served with the Nationalist Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The Germans were attacking to support the efforts of Francisco Franco to overthrow the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco y Bahamonde (born December 4, 1892 in Ferrol, died November 20, 1975 in Madrid The President of the government of the Basque Country is referred to as Lehendakari (literally "the first one" in Basque, or Eusko Jaurlaritzako Lehendakari The Second Spanish Republic was the system of government in Spain between April 14 1931, when King Alfonso XIII left the country The town was devastated, though the Biscayan assembly and the Oak of Guernica survived. Pablo Picasso painted his famous "Guernica" painting to commemorate the horrors of the bombing and René Iché made a violent sculpture the day after the bombing. Guernica is a monumental Painting by Pablo Picasso, depicting the Nazi German Bombing of Guernica, Spain by twenty-eight René Iché ( January 21, 1897, Salleles-d'Aude France &ndash December 23, 1954, Paris) was a 20th century French

In 1943, Ajangiz (opposite river Oka) was incorporated without any name change. Ajangiz is a town and Municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. In 1967 the municipalities of Arratzu, Kortezubi, Forua, Murueta and Nabarniz were annexed. Arratzu is a town and Municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. Kortezubi is a town and Municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. Forua is a town and Municipality located in the province of Biscay, Basque Country Murueta is a town and Municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. Nabarniz is a town and Municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain.

Because of its symbolic value, the current Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country was approved in Guernica 29 December 1978, with the support of the Basque Country government-in-exile, heirs to the 1936 Statute of Autonomy. The Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country is the legal document organizing the political system of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country ' (Basque Euskadiko Every Lehendakari (Basque President) takes his oath there. The President of the government of the Basque Country is referred to as Lehendakari (literally "the first one" in Basque, or Eusko Jaurlaritzako Lehendakari

The annexations of 1967 have been re-established as standing municipalities.

Sports

Guernica is home to the Guernica Jai Alai, one of the main courts for the jai alai sport. Jai alai (ˈhaɪəlaɪ in English and jaɪɑlaɪ or xaɪɑlaɪ in Basque

Honors

A minor planet 2293 Guernica discovered in 1977 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh is named after the town. Minor planet is a term used since the 19th century to describe objects such as Asteroids that are in Orbit around the Sun but are not Planets 2293 Guernica (1977 EH1 is a Main-belt Asteroid discovered on March 13, 1977 by Chernykh N The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Nikolay Stepanovich Chernykh (Николай Степанович Черных ( October 6 1931 – May 26, 2004) was a Soviet and ^[1]

Sister cities

• Pforzheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
• Boise, Idaho, United States

See also

• Municipal elections in Gernika-Lumo

References

External links

• Official site in English, Basque and Spanish
• _dk.htm Painter and art educator Dorothy Koppelman writes on "Aesthetic Realism and Picasso's Guernica : For Life"
• GERNIKA-LUMO in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa) (Spanish)