Guangdong Province
Chinese : 广东省 Guǎngdōng Shěng
Abbreviations: 粤  (pinyin: Yuè)
Origin of name	广 guǎng - "Wide" 东 dōng- "East" "widely eastern"
Administration type	Province
Capital (and largest city)	Guangzhou
CPC Ctte Secretary	Wang Yang
Governor	Huang Huahua
Area	177,900 km² (68,700 sq mi) (15th)
Population (2005)  - Density	83,040,000 Locals 30,000,000 Migrants 113,040,000 Total (1st) 467 /km² (1,210 /sq mi) (7th)
GDP (2007)  - per capita	CNY 3. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended Wang Yang, ( Born March 12, 1955) is the current Secretary of the Guangdong Committee of the Communist Party of China. Huang Huahua ( Simplified: 黄华华 Traditional: 黃華華 Pinyin: Huáng Huáhuá Jyutping: Wong Wa-wa born 1946 is currently the Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions special administrative In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions municipalities This articles lists of the first-level administrative divisions of People's Republic of China (P Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 07 trillion (1st) CNY 32,713 (6th)
HDI (2005)	0. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of their total Gross This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 807 (high) (6th)
Major nationalities	Han - 99% Zhuang - 0. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. 7% Yao - 0. The Yao nationality ( Traditional Chinese: 瑤族 Simplified Chinese: 瑶族 Pinyin: Yáo zú; Vietnamese: người Dao 2%
Prefecture-level	21 divisions
County-level	121 divisions
Township-level†	1642 divisions
ISO 3166-2	CN-44
Official website http://www.gd.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese)
Source for population and GDP data: 《中国统计年鉴—2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 † As at December 31, 2004

Guangdong (simplified Chinese: 广东; traditional Chinese: 廣東; EFEO : Kouangtong; pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the southern coast of China. Prefecture, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Jyutping (sometimes spelled Jyutpin) is a Romanization system for Standard Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use The École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO is a French institute dedicated to the study of Asian societies Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Chinese Postal Map Romanization ( Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音 Simplified Chinese: 邮政式拼音 Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì Pīnyīn refers to the See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES It overtook Henan and Sichuan to become the most populous province in China in January 2005, registering 79 million permanent residents and 31 million migrants who lived in the province for at least six months. Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country ( Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in western China with its capital in Chengdu. ^[1][2] The provincial capital of Guangzhou and economic hub Shenzhen are among the most populous and important cities in China. Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately

Guangdong is the country's richest province with the highest total GDP among all provinces. Its nominal GDP for 2003 was US$165 billion, increased to US$265 billion in 2005 (about the same size as Denmark). In 2006 that number increased to US$329. 07 billion and by 2007 its GDP has grown another 14. 5% to reach 3. 06 trillion yuan (US$422 billion). ^[3] Guangdong contributes approximately 12. 5% of national economic output. Guangdong also hosts the largest Import and Export Fair in China called the Canton Fair which is hosted by the city of Guangzhou - Guangdong's capital city. The Canton Fair (广交会 is a Trade fair held in the spring and autumn seasons each year since the spring of 1957 in Guangzhou, China. Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city

The province was the homeland and base of operations of Sun Yat-Sen, the widely accepted founder of modern China. Sun Yat-sen ( November 12, 1866 &ndash March 12, 1925) was a Chinese Revolutionary and political leader often

Name

"Guang" itself means "expanse" or "vast", and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. Events By Place Asia Cao Rui becomes emperor of the Kingdom of Wei of China. "Guangdong" and neighboring Guangxi literally mean "expanse east" and "expanse west". Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Together, Guangdong and Guangxi are called the "Dual-Guangs" (兩廣 liăng guăng). Liangguang ( also spelled Liang-guang) is a term referring to the province of Guangdong and autonomous region (formerly province of Guangxi on the southern The modern abbreviation 粵/粤 (Yue) is related to the Hundred Yue (百越), a collective name for various peoples that lived in Guangdong and other areas in ancient times.

Prior to the introduction of Hanyu Pinyin, the province was known as Canton Province based on a Portuguese-derived transliteration of "Guangdong". Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Portuguese ( or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia (Spain and northern Portugal. Transliteration is the practice of Transcribing a Word or text written in one Writing system into another writing system or system of rules for such practice Canton refers to the city Romanized as Guangzhou in Pinyin, the provincial capital. The local people of Guangzhou and their language are still commonly referred to as Cantonese.

History

Guangdong was far away from the center of ancient Chinese civilization in the north China plain. It was populated by peoples collectively known as the Hundred Yue, who may have been Tai-Kadai and related to the Zhuang people in modern Guangxi. The Tai-Kadai languages, also known as Kadai, Kradai, or Kra-Dai languages and in China as Zhuang-Dong languages are a tonal Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China.

Chinese administration in the region began with the Qin Dynasty, which, after establishing the first unified Chinese empire, expanded southwards and set up Nanhai Commandery at Panyu, near what is now part of Guangzhou. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China There is also a specific Chinese reunification of 1928. Chinese reunification ( is a goal of Chinese nationalism that refers to Panyu District or Pun Yue District ( Chinese: 番禺区 is a district in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city It used to be independent as Nanyue between the fall of Qin and the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. Nanyue ( was an ancient kingdom that consisted of parts of the modern Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and much of modern northern Background birth and years as crown prince Emperor Wu was the tenth child of Emperor Jing, and was born to one of Emperor Jing's favorite Concubines, The Han Dynasty(汉朝) administered Guangdong, Guangxi, and northern Vietnam as Jiao Province. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Under the Wu Kingdom（吴国） of the Three Kingdoms period, Guangdong was made its own province, the Guang Province, in 226. Eastern Wu ( Chinese: 東吳 Pinyin: Dōng Wú also known as Sun Wu ( Traditional Chinese: 孫吳 pinyin Sūn Wú refers to a The Three Kingdoms period ( is a period in the History of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of

As time passed, the demographics of what is now Guangdong slowly shifted to (Han) Chinese-dominance, especially during several periods of massive migration from the north during periods of political turmoil and/or nomadic incursions from the fall of the Han Dynasty onwards. For example, internal strife in northern China following the rebellion of An Lushan resulted in a 75% increase in the population of Guangzhou prefecture between 740s-750s and 800s-810s. Background and Name An Lushan's mother was of Tujue ethnicity from the Ashide clan and served as a sorceress ^[4] As more migrants arrived, the local population was gradually assimilated to Han Chinese culture,^[5] or displaced.

Together with Guangxi, Guangdong was made part of Lingnan Circuit (political division Circuit), or Mountain-South Circuit, in 627 during the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by The Guangdong part of Lingnan Circuit was renamed Guangnan East Circuit guǎng nán dōng lù in 971 during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms "Guangnan East" is the source of "Guangdong".

As Mongols from the north engaged in their conquest of China in the 13th century, the Southern Song Dynasty retreated southwards, eventually ending up in today's Guangdong. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms The Battle of Yamen 1279 in Guangdong marked the end of the Southern Song Dynasty (960-1279). The naval Battle of Yamen ( (also known as the Naval Battle of Mount Ya;) took place on 19 March 1279 and is considered to be the last

During the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, Guangdong was a part of Jiangxi. The Yuan Dynasty ( Pinyin: Yuáncháo Dai Ön Ulus (Дай Юан Улс was a ruling Dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsi is a southern province of the People's Republic of China, spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River Its present name, "Guangdong Province" was given in early Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led

Since the 16th century, Guangdong has had extensive trade links with the rest of the world. European merchants coming northwards via the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea, particularly the Portuguese and British, traded extensively through Guangzhou. The Strait of Malacca is a narrow 805 km (500 mile stretch of water between Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia) and the Indonesian island of Sumatra The South China Sea is a Marginal sea south of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from Singapore to the The Portuguese people (os Portugueses literally the Portuguese) are the Ethnic group or Nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west British people, or Britons, are the native inhabitants of Great Britain and their descendants or citizens of the United Kingdom, of the Macau, on the southern coast of Guangdong, was the first European settlement in China since 1557. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. It was the opium trade through Guangzhou that triggered the Opium Wars, opening an era of foreign incursion and intervention in China. Opium is a Narcotic formed from the Latex (ie sap released by lacerating (or "scoring" the immature seed pods of opium poppies ( The Opium Wars ( also known as the Anglo-Chinese Wars, lasted from 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860 the climax of a trade dispute between China under the Qing In addition to Macau, which was then a Portuguese colony, Hong Kong was ceded to the British, and Kwang-Chou-Wan to the French. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. Macau is a Special Administrative Region (SAR of the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Kwang-Chou-Wan (also spelt Guangzhouwan or Kwangchowan) was a small Enclave on the south coast of China ceded by Qing China to Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion (

In the 19th century, Guangdong was also the major port of exit for labourers in south-east Asia and the western United States and Canada. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page As a result, many overseas Chinese communities have their origins in Guangdong. The Cantonese language therefore has proportionately more speakers among overseas Chinese people than mainland Chinese. In the USA, there is a large number of Chinese who are descendants of immigrants from the otherwise unremarkable Guangdong region of Taishan (Toisan in Cantonese), who speak a distinctive dialect of Cantonese called Taishanese (or Toishanese).

During the 1850s, the first revolt of the Taiping Rebellion by the Hakka people took place in Guangdong. Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman The Taiping Rebellion or Rebellion of Great Peace was a large-scale Revolt against the authority and forces of the Qing Government in China The Hakkas ( Hakka language: Hak-kâ; Mandarin Chinese: Kèjiā) are a subgroup of the Han Chinese people who live predominantly Because of direct contact with the West, Guangdong was the center of anti-Manchu and anti-imperialist activity. The generally acknowledged founder of modern China, Sun Yat-Sen, was from Guangdong. Sun Yat-sen ( November 12, 1866 &ndash March 12, 1925) was a Chinese Revolutionary and political leader often

During the early 1920s of the Republic of China, Guangdong was the staging area for Kuomintang (KMT) to prepare for the Northern Expedition, an effort to bring the various warlords of China back under the central government. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The Northern Expedition ( was a military campaign led by the Kuomintang (KMT from 1926 to 1928. The Warlord era is the period in the History of the Republic of China, from 1916 to the late-1930s when the country was divided among military cliques, a division Whampoa Military Academy was built near Guangzhou to train military commanders. The Nationalist Party of China Army Officer Academy ( commonly known as the Whampoa Military Academy ( was a Military academy in the Republic of China

In recent years, the province has seen extremely rapid economic growth, aided in part by its close trading links with Hong Kong, which borders it. It is now the province with the highest gross domestic product in China.

Hainan Island was originally part of Guangdong but it was separated as its own province in 1988. Hainan ( POJ: Hai-lam Pinyin:, Jyutping: hoi2 naam4 literal meaning "South of the Sea" is the smallest province of the People's

Geography

Guangdong faces the South China Sea to the south and has a total of 4,300 km of coastline. The South China Sea is a Marginal sea south of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from Singapore to the Leizhou Peninsula is on the southwestern end of the province. The Leizhou Peninsula is a Peninsula in the southernmost part of Guangdong province in southern China. There are a few inactive volcanoes on Leizhou Peninsula. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the The Pearl River Delta is the convergent point of three upstream rivers: the East River, North River, and West River. The Zhu Jiang, ( Chinese 珠江 Pinyin: Zhū Jiāng or Pearl River or less commonly the Canton River, is China 's third longest Dong River ( is the eastern Tributary of Pearl River in southern China. Bei River (北江 Pinyin: Běi Jiāng literally "North River" is the northern Tributary of the Pearl River in southern China. Xi River ( Chinese 西江 Pinyin: Xī Jiāng, Postal map spelling: Si Kiang, lit The river delta is filled with hundreds of small islands. A delta is a Landform where the mouth of a River flows into an Ocean, Sea, Estuary, Lake or another river An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant The province is geographically separated from the north by a few mountain ranges collectively called the Southern Mountain Range (南岭). A mountain range is a chain of Mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by passes or valleys The Nanling ( Simplified: 南岭 Traditional: 南嶺 Pinyin: Nánlǐng are a group of mountain ranges of southern China running through Guangxi The highest point in the province is about 1,600 meters above sea level. Mean sea level (MSL is the average (mean height of the Sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface

Guangdong borders Fujian province to the northeast, Jiangxi and Hunan provinces to the north, Guangxi autonomous region to the west, and Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative Regions to the south. This article is about the People's Republic of China province ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsi is a southern province of the People's Republic of China, spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River ( is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. A Special Administrative Region ( SAR) is a high autonomous administrative division of the People's Republic of China. Hainan province is offshore across from the Leizhou Peninsula. Hainan ( POJ: Hai-lam Pinyin:, Jyutping: hoi2 naam4 literal meaning "South of the Sea" is the smallest province of the People's

Cities around the Pearl River Delta include Dongguan, Foshan, Guangzhou, Huizhou, Jiangmen, Shenzhen, Shunde, Taishan, Zhongshan and Zhuhai. The Pearl River Delta Region (PRD ( in southern China occupies the low-lying areas alongside the Pearl River Estuary Administration The Prefecture-level city of Dongguan administers 3 county-level divisions, all of which are districts. History Foshan is an old town dated back to many centuries It was famous for its Porcelain industry Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Administration The Prefecture-level city of Huizhou administers 5 county-level divisions, including 2 districts and 3 counties. History The port of Jiangmen was known as Kong-Moon when it was forced to open to western trade in 1902 Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately Shunde District ( Yale Cantonese: Seun6 dak1 is a district of Foshan Prefecture-level city in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Taishan (Chinese 台[[wiktionary 山|山]] Mandarin: Táishān Cantonese: Toisan; Taishanese: Hoisan, Other Zhongshan ( is a Prefecture-level city in the south of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong province in southern China. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Zhuhai administers 3 county-level divisions, all of which are districts Xiangzhou Other cities in the province include Chaozhou, Chenghai, Kaiping, Nanhai, Shantou, Shaoguan, Xinhui, Zhanjiang and Zhaoqing. Chenghai or Tenghai (澄海 Hanyu Pinyin: Chénghǎi Teochew: Thěng Hài is a district of the city of Shantou, Kaiping ( Yale Cantonese: Hoi1 Ping4 Kaiping dialect ( Yale Romanization) Hoi3 Pen6 or Hoi Ping is a County-level city in the Guangdong "Nanhai" redirects here For the historic Chinese ship see Nanhai No History Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang City (鮀江都 Jieyang District (揭陽縣 during the Song Dynasty. Administration Shaoguan has direct jurisdiction over 2 districts, 2 couty-level cities and 5 counties: Qujiang District (曲江区 Xinhui ( is a County-level city in the province of Guangdong in southern China. Zhanjiang (湛江 French Fort-Bayard) is a Prefecture-level city in Guangdong province in southeast China. Administration Zhaoqing has jurisdiction over 2 districts, 4 counties and 2 county-level cities: Deqing County (德庆县

Guangdong has a humid subtropical climate (tropical in the far south), with short, mild, dry, winters and long, hot, wet summers. The subtropics are the zones of the Earth immediately north and south of the tropic zone which is bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Average daily highs in Guangzhou in January and July are 18C (64F) and 33C (91F) respectively, although the humidity makes it feel much hotter in summer. Frost is rare on the coast but may happen a few days each winter well inland.

Economy

This is a trend of official estimates of the gross domestic product of the Province of Guangdong with figures in millions of Chinese Yuan:

After the communist takeover and until the start of the Deng Xiaoping reforms in 1978, Guangdong was an economic backwater, although a large underground, service-based economy has always existed. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Deng Xiaoping ( 22 August 1904 19 February 1997) was a prominent Chinese Revolutionary, Politician, Pragmatist and Reformer Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Economic development policies encouraged industrial development in the interior provinces which were weakly linked to Guangdong via transportation links. The government policy of economic autarchy made Guangdong's access to the ocean irrelevant. Autarchism (from Greek, "belief in self rule" is a Political philosophy that upholds the principle of Individual liberty, rejects compulsory

Deng Xiaoping's open door policy radically changed the economy of the province as it was able to take advantage of its access to the ocean, proximity to Hong Kong, and historical links to overseas Chinese. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders In addition, until the 1990s when the Chinese taxation system was reformed, the province benefited from the relatively low rate of taxation placed on it by the central government due to its post-Liberation status of being economically backward. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999

Although Shanghai is often cited as evidence of China's success, Guangdong's economic boom exemplifies the reality of the vast labor-intensive manufacturing powerhouse China has become, and all the rewards and shortcomings that come with it. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Guangdong's economic boom began with the early 1990s and has since spread to neighboring provinces, and also pulled their populations inward. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 The economy is based on manufacturing and export.

The province is now one of the richest in the nation, with the highest GDP among all the provinces, although wage growth has only recently begun to rise due to a large influx of migrant workers from neighboring provinces. Its nominal GDP for 2006 was 2. 60 trillion yuan (US$329. 07 billion), a rise of 12. 9% on a year-on-year basis. By 2007 its GDP has grown yet another 14. 5% to reach US$422 billion.

In 2005, Guangdong's primary, secondary, and tertiary industries were worth 137. 46 billion yuan, 1. 08 trillion yuan, and 957. 94 billion yuan respectively. ^[6] Its per capita GDP reached 28,007 yuan (US$3,509), more than double than in 2000. ^[7] Guangdong contributes approximately 12. 5% of the total national economic output. ^[6] Now, it has three of the six Special Economic Zones: Shenzhen, Shantou and Zhuhai. A Special Economic Zone ( SEZ) is a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country's typical economic laws Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately History Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang City (鮀江都 Jieyang District (揭陽縣 during the Song Dynasty. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Zhuhai administers 3 county-level divisions, all of which are districts Xiangzhou The affluence of Guangdong, however, remains very much concentrated near the Pearl River Delta. The Pearl River Delta Region (PRD ( in southern China occupies the low-lying areas alongside the Pearl River Estuary

In 2007 its foreign trade also grew 20% from the previous year and is also by far the largest of all of China. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. By numbers, Guangdong's foreign trade accounts for 29% of China's US$2. 17 trillion foreign trade or roughly US$634 billion. ^[8]

Demographics

Guangdong officially became the most populous province in January 2005. ^[9][10] Official statistics had traditionally placed Guangdong as the 4th most populous province of China with about 80 million people, but recently released information suggests that there are an additional 30 million migrants who reside in Guangdong for at least six months every year, making it the most populous province with a population of more than 110 million. ^[11] The massive influx of migrants from other provinces, dubbed the "floating population", is due to Guangdong's booming economy and high demand for labor.

Guangdong is also the ancestral home of large numbers of overseas Chinese. Most of the railroad laborers in Canada, Western United States and Panama in the 19th century came from Guangdong. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Emigration in recent years has slowed with economic prosperity, but this province is still a major source of immigrants to North America and elsewhere in the world.

The majority of the province's population is Han Chinese. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. There is a small Yao population in the north. The Yao nationality ( Traditional Chinese: 瑤族 Simplified Chinese: 瑶族 Pinyin: Yáo zú; Vietnamese: người Dao Other smaller minority groups include Miao, Li, and Zhuang. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal The terms Hmong (m̥ɔ̃ŋ and Mong ( both refer to an Asian ethnic group in the mountainous regions of southern China. Li ( 黎; Pinyin Lí or Hlai is a minority Chinese Ethnic group. The Zhuang (in the Zhuang language: Bouчcueŋь/Bouxcuengh) are an Ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in

Because of the high population density and the close proximity in which humans and animals live, Guangdong has often been the source of respiratory diseases such as influenza. Respiratory Disease is the term for Diseases of the Respiratory system. In late 2002, Guangdong was suspected as the initial source of SARS. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.

Politics

Main article: Politics of Guangdong

During the 1980s, the Guangdong provincial government had a reputation of resisting central government directives, especially those regarding the economy. The Politics of Guangdong follows a dual party-government system like the rest of China's provinces At the same time, the good economic situation of Guangdong has made it relatively quiet in the area of political and economic activism. Although some in the West assume that Guangdong's economic growth and distinctive language would give rise to separatism, this is not the case, and there has never been any significant support for separatism. Separatism refers to the advocacy of a state of cultural ethnic tribal religious racial or gender separation from the larger group often with demands for greater political autonomy

Relations with Hong Kong and Macau

Although both Hong Kong and Macau have historically been part of Guangdong before becoming colonies of the United Kingdom and Portugal, they became special administrative regions, a first-order administrative division, when their sovereignty was transferred to the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. A special administrative region or SAR may be;People's Republic of China Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, present-day

Media

Guangdong and the greater Guangzhou Province is served by several Guangdong Radio stations and Guangdong TV. Guangdong Radio is a radio station in Guangdong, China broadcasting at 914 AM Guangdong Television (GDTV (Chinese 广东电视台 Pinyin Guǎngdōng Diànshì Tái is a Television network in Guangzhou, China and Guangdong There is an international station Radio Guangdong which broadcasts information about this region to the entire world through the World Radio Network. Radio Guangdong (Simplified Chinese 广东电台 Pinyin: Guăngdōng Diàntái is a public broadcasting organization in Guangdong WRN (formerly World Radio Network, is a private London, England–based company that provides transmission services for radio and television broadcasters worldwide

Culture

See also: Music of Guangdong

Guangdong is a multicultural province. In modern times the Chinese province of Guangdong has become known for Guangdong music (later Guangdong folk tunes) a synthesis of a number The central region, which is also the political and economic center, is populated predominantly by Cantonese-speakers. This region is associated with Cantonese cuisine (simplified Chinese: 粤菜; traditional Chinese: 粵菜). Cantonese ( Yue) cuisine comes from Guangdong Province in Southern China, or specifically from Guangzhou (Canton Cantonese opera (simplified Chinese: 粤剧; traditional Chinese: 粵劇) is a form of Chinese opera popular in Cantonese speaking areas. Cantonese opera is one of the major categories in Chinese opera, originating in southern China 's Cantonese culture. Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back

The SARS virus is thought to have originated in Guangdong, due to the cuisine of the region, which famously includes "anything that walks, crawls or flies".

The Hakka people live in large areas of Guangdong, including Huizhou, Meizhou, Shenzhen, Heyuan, Shaoguan and other areas. The Hakkas ( Hakka language: Hak-kâ; Mandarin Chinese: Kèjiā) are a subgroup of the Han Chinese people who live predominantly Administration The Prefecture-level city of Huizhou administers 5 county-level divisions, including 2 districts and 3 counties. History The name Meizhou comes from the Mei River and plum blossom ( mei blossom Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately Geography Heyuan Prefecture-level city is located in the north-east region of Guangdong upper reach of Dongjiang (the East River Administration Shaoguan has direct jurisdiction over 2 districts, 2 couty-level cities and 5 counties: Qujiang District (曲江区 Much of the Eastern part of Guangdong is populated by the Hakka people except for the Chaozhou and Hailufeng area. Hakka culture include Hakka cuisine (客家菜), Han opera (simplified Chinese: 汉剧; traditional Chinese: 漢劇), Hakka Hanyue and sixian (traditional instrumental music) and Hakka folk songs (客家山歌). Hakka cuisine is the cooking style of the Hakka people who are primarily found in southeastern China ( Guangdong and Fujian) but also may be found in

The area composed of the cities of Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang in eastern Guangdong, known as Chaoshan, forms its own cultural sphere. History Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang City (鮀江都 Jieyang District (揭陽縣 during the Song Dynasty. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Jieyang administers 5 county-level divisions, including 1 district, 1 County-level city Cháoshàn (潮汕 is a term used to describe the linguistic and cultural region based in southeastern Guangdong province China. Here, the Teochew people and the people in Hailufeng speak Teochew (simplified Chinese: 潮语, traditional Chinese: 潮語), which is closely related to Min-nan and their cuisine is Teochew cuisine. For the Teochew dialect of Min Nan Chinese see Teochew dialect. The Southern Min language or Min Nan ( POJ: Bân-lâm-gú or "Southern Fujian" language refers to a family of Chinese languages Dialects Chiuchow cuisine, Teochew cuisine or Chaozhou cuisine or Chaoshan cuisine ( originates from Chaoshan, a region of China in the Teochew opera (simplified Chinese: 潮剧, traditional Chinese: 潮劇) is also very famous and has a unique form.

In addition to their mother tongue, most people also speak Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese). Standard Mandarin, also known as Standard Spoken Chinese, is the official modern Chinese spoken language used in mainland China and Taiwan

Education

Colleges and universities

• Foshan University (Guangzhou, Foshan)
• Jinan University (Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Shenzhen)
• Shantou University (Shantou)
• South China University of Technology (Guangzhou)
• Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, Zhuhai)
• Shenzhen University (Shenzhen)
• South China Normal University (Guangzhou)
• Dongguan University of Technology (Dongguan)
• Shunde University (Shunde)
• Zhaoqing University
• South China Agricultural University (Guangzhou)
• Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (广东外语外贸大学)
• South China Agricultural University (华南农业大学) (founded 1909)
• Zhongkai Agrotechnical College (仲恺农业技术学院) (founded 1927)
• South China Normal University (华南师范大学)
• Guangzhou Medical College (广州医学院)
• Guangzhou University of TCM (广州中医药大学) (English-language site)
• Guangdong College of Pharmacy (广东药学院)
• Guangdong University of Technology (广东工业大学)
• Guangzhou University (广州大学)
• Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology (广东省科技干部学院)
• Guangdong Business College (广东商学院)
• Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts (广州美术学院)
• Xinghai Conservatory of Music (星海音乐学院)
• GuangDong Polytechnic Normal University (广东技术师范学院)
• Guangzhou Physical Education Institute (广州体育学院)

Sports

Professional sports teams based in Guangdong include:

• Chinese Basketball Association
  • Guangdong Hongyuan Southern Tigers
• Chinese Football Association Super League
  • Guangzhou Pharmaceutical F.C.
  • Shenzhen Shangqingyin

Tourism

Notable attractions include Danxia Mountain, Yuexiu Hill in Guangzhou, Star Lake and the Seven Star Crags, and Dinghu Mountain. Foshan University (佛山科学技术学院 is a University in Foshan, Guangdong, China that was founded in 1995. Jinan University ( JNU is one of the leading research universities in China Shantou University (STU ( Chinese: 汕头大学 was authorized and established in 1981 by the State Council and Guangdong government South China University of Technology (SCUT is a Chinese university located in Guangzhou, capital of the Guangdong province in mainland China. This article is about the Sun Yat-sen University located in the People's Republic of China; see also National Sun Yat-sen University in Taiwan Shenzhen University (SZU is a full-time comprehensive university accredited by the State Council of the People's Republic of China and is funded by Shenzhen South China Normal University (SCNU Traditional Chinese:華南師范大學 Simplified Chinese:华南师范大学 Hanyu Pinyin:Huánán shīfàn dàxué South China Agricultural University (SCAU (Chinese 華南農業大學/华南农业大学 founded in 1908 Guangdong University of Foreign Studies ( was created in June 1995 by merging the Guangzhou Institute of Foreign Languages and Guangzhou Institute of Foreign Trade South China Agricultural University (SCAU (Chinese 華南農業大學/华南农业大学 founded in 1908 South China Normal University (SCNU Traditional Chinese:華南師范大學 Simplified Chinese:华南师范大学 Hanyu Pinyin:Huánán shīfàn dàxué Guangdong University of Technology (GDUT( is a university in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Overview Approved by the State Education Guangzhou University (GU is a state University in Guangzhou, China. The Chinese Basketball Association ( CBA; Chinese 中国男子篮球职业联赛 is the premier professional Basketball league in China. Guangdong Winnerway (Hongyuan Southern Tigers (广东宏远宝玛仕华南虎 or Guangdong Southern Tigers or Guangdong Winnerway (Hongyuan are the Basketball The Chinese Football Association Super League ( Simplified Chinese: 中国足球协会超级联赛 commonly known as Chinese Super League (中超联赛 or CSL Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Football Club ( Chinese: 广州医药足球俱乐部 is a football club based in Guangzhou currently playing in Danxia Mountain (丹霞山 is a famous scenic area near Shaoguan city in the north part of Guangdong, China. The Seven Star Crags (七星岩 are located in the north of Zhaoqing beside Star Lake and form one of the most scenic places in Guangdong Province in Dinghu Mountain (鼎湖山 is located in Dinghu District 18km to the east of Zhaoqing City in the Dayunwu Mountain Range in Guangdong Province of southern

Administrative divisions

The current immediate administrative divisions of Guangdong consist of 21 prefecture-level cities:

The sub-province-level cities:

• Guangzhou (广州) (Canton)
• Shenzhen (深圳) (Sumzun)

The prefecture-level cities:

• Chaozhou (潮州) (Teochew)
• Dongguan (东莞) (Donggoon)
• Foshan (佛山) (Futsaan)
• Heyuan (河源) (Hoyun)
• Huizhou (惠州) (Waizao)
• Jiangmen (江门) (Gongmoon)
• Jieyang (揭阳) (Keetyeung)
• Maoming (茂名) (Mohming)
• Meizhou (梅州) (Muizao)
• Qingyuan (清远) (Tsingyun)
• Shantou (汕头) (Swatow)
• Shanwei (汕尾) (Seenmei)
• Shaoguan (韶关) (Seeoogoon)
• Yangjiang (阳江) (Yeunggong)
• Yunfu (云浮) (Wunfao)
• Zhanjiang (湛江) (Sumgong)
• Zhaoqing (肇庆)
• Zhongshan (中山) (Zhongsan)
• Zhuhai (珠海) (Zuhoi)

The above division govern, in total, 49 districts, 30 county-level cities, 42 counties, and three autonomous counties. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately Administration The Prefecture-level city of Dongguan administers 3 county-level divisions, all of which are districts. History Foshan is an old town dated back to many centuries It was famous for its Porcelain industry Geography Heyuan Prefecture-level city is located in the north-east region of Guangdong upper reach of Dongjiang (the East River Administration The Prefecture-level city of Huizhou administers 5 county-level divisions, including 2 districts and 3 counties. History The port of Jiangmen was known as Kong-Moon when it was forced to open to western trade in 1902 Administration The Prefecture-level city of Jieyang administers 5 county-level divisions, including 1 district, 1 County-level city Maoming ( is a Prefecture-level city in southwestern Guangdong province, People's Republic of China. History The name Meizhou comes from the Mei River and plum blossom ( mei blossom Administration The seat of the municipal government is in Qingcheng District History Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang City (鮀江都 Jieyang District (揭陽縣 during the Song Dynasty. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Shanwei administers 4 county-level divisions, including 1 district, 1 County-level city Administration Shaoguan has direct jurisdiction over 2 districts, 2 couty-level cities and 5 counties: Qujiang District (曲江区 Administration The Prefecture-level city of Yangjiang administers 4 county-level divisions, including 1 districts, 1 County-level city Administration The Prefecture-level city of Yunfu administers 5 county-level divisions, including 1 district, 1 County-level city and 3 Zhanjiang (湛江 French Fort-Bayard) is a Prefecture-level city in Guangdong province in southeast China. Administration Zhaoqing has jurisdiction over 2 districts, 4 counties and 2 county-level cities: Deqing County (德庆县 Zhongshan ( is a Prefecture-level city in the south of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong province in southern China. Administration The Prefecture-level city of Zhuhai administers 3 county-level divisions, all of which are districts Xiangzhou For county-level divisions, see the list of administrative divisions of Guangdong. Guangdong, a province of the People's Republic of China, is made up of the following administrative divisions: 21

See also

• Governors of Guangdong
• List of laojiaos in Guangdong
• Teochew people

References

External links

• Guangdong Government website
• Guangdong Statistical Yearbook
• Guangdong travel guide from Wikitravel