Guan Zhong (Chinese: 管仲, Wade-Giles: Kuan Chung) (born 725 BC, died in 645 BC) was a Chinese politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. Events and trends Assyrian king Ashurbanipal founds library which includes our earliest complete copy of the Epic of Gilgamesh. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Spring and Autumn Period ( was a period in Chinese history which roughly corresponds to the first half of the Eastern Zhou dynasty (from the second half of the 8th century BC His given name was Yíwú (夷吾). Zhong was his courtesy name. A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name ( zì) is a given name to be used later in life Recommended by Bao Shuya, he was appointed Prime Minister by Duke Huan of Qi in 685 BC. Bao Shuya ( Chinese) 鲍叔牙 (d644 BC was a famous official of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. Lord Huan of Qi (齊桓公 Qí Huán Gōng died 643 BC was the best-known ruler of The state of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese History Events and trends 689 BC — King Sennacherib of Assyria sacks Babylon.

Guan Zhong modernized the state of Qi by starting multiple reforms. A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. Qi ( 齊; Pinyin: Qí was a powerful state during the Spring and Autumn Period and Period of the Warring States. For other uses see Reform (disambiguation Reform means beneficial change or sometimes more specifically reversion to a pure original Politically, he centralized power and divided the state into different villages, each carrying out a specific trade. Centralization (or centralisation) is the process by which the activities of an organization particularly those regarding decision-making become concentrated within A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a Town or City. Trade is the willing exchange of goods, services, or both Trade is also called Commerce. Instead of relying on the traditional aristocracy for manpower, he applied levies to the village units directly. The word tradition comes from the Latin traditionem acc of traditio which means "a giving up delivering up surrendering" and is used in a number of Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations He also developed a better method for choosing talent to be governors. A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Under Guan Zhong, Qi shifted administrative responsibilities from hereditary aristocrats to professional bureaucrats. Public administration can be broadly described as the development implementation and study of branches of government Policy. The term profession is applied to those persons who have specialized and technical skill or knowledge which they apply for a fee to certain tasks that ordinary and unqualified people cannot A bureaucrat is a member of a Bureaucracy, usually within an institution of the Government.

Guan Zhong also introduced several important economic reforms. An economy is the realized social system of production exchange distribution and consumption of goods and services of a country or other area He created a uniform tax code. "Tax code" redirects here For the term as used in the United Kingdom PAYE system see Tax code (PAYE. He also used state power to encourage the production of salt and iron; historians usually credit Guan Zhong for introducing state monopolies of salt and iron. Salt is a Dietary mineral composed primarily of Sodium chloride that is essential for Animal life but toxic to most land plants Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 See also History An historian is an individual who studies and writes about History, and is regarded as an Authority on it In Economics, a monopoly (from Greek monos, alone or single + polein, to sell exists when a specific individual or enterprise has sufficient During his term of office, the state of Qi became much stronger and Duke Huan of Qi gained hegemony among the states. A duke is a member of the Nobility, historically of highest rank below the Sovereign, and historically controlled a Duchy or a Dukedom During the Spring and Autumn Period there were several states which rose to hegemony over other states the term Five Hegemons (五霸 refers to any of several lists of these

He is listed as the author of the Guanzi encyclopedia, actually a much later (of the late "Warring States" period) compilation of works from the scholars of the Jixia Academy. An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created The Guanzi ( is an Encyclopedic compilation of Chinese philosolphical materials named after the 7th century BCE philosopher Guan Zhong, An encyclopedia (or '''encyclopædia''') is a comprehensive written Compendium that contains Information on either all branches of Knowledge The Warring States Period ( also known as the Era of Warring States covers the period from some time in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by the

External links

• Works by Guan Zhong at Project Gutenberg (in Chinese)
• http://www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Diverse/guanzi.html

This article contains Chinese text. Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters. Mojibake is the happenstance of incorrect unreadable characters (garbage characters shown when Computer software fails to render a text correctly according to its associated A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese (