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Guadalajara
Flag of Guadalajara Coat of arms of Guadalajara
Flag Coat of Arms
Location

Location of Guadalajara
Coordinates :
Time zone :
General information
Native name Guadalajara (Spanish)
Spanish name Guadalajara
Website www.guadalajara.es
Administration
Country Spain
Autonomous Community Castile-La Mancha
Province Guadalajara
Mayor Antonio Román Jasaneda (PP)
Geography
Land Area 235,51 km²
Altitude 708 m AMSL
Population
Population 75. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The term administration, as used in the context of Government, differs according to Jurisdiction. In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. Castile-La Mancha ( Spanish "Castilla-La Mancha" is an autonomous community of Spain. In addition to its autonomous communities, Spain is divided into fifty Provinces. Guadalajara is a province of central/north-central Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The People's Party ( Spanish: Partido Popular, PP) is the main right Political party in Spain. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Altitude is the Elevation of a point or object from a known level or datum (plural data The term above mean sea level ( AMSL) refers to the Elevation (on the ground or Altitude (in the Air) of any object relative to the In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology 493 (2007)
Density 282,22 hab. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different /km² (2007)

Guadalajara (Spanish pronunciation [ɡwað̞alaˈxaɾa]) is a city and municipality in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain, and in the natural region of La Alcarria. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. Castile-La Mancha ( Spanish "Castilla-La Mancha" is an autonomous community of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Alcarria (La Alcarria is a natural region in central Spain. It is the capital of the province of Guadalajara. Guadalajara is a province of central/north-central Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. It is located roughly 60 km northeast of Madrid on the Henares River, and has a population of 75,493 (2006). Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain.

Contents

History

Pre-Arab settlements

It is known that in the area there was a Roman town called Arriaca, possibly founded by a pre-Roman culture. Guadalajara ( Spanish pronunciation) is a city and Municipality in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain, and in the But there is no archeological proof of it, only reference to it in certain texts such as the Ruta Antonina. The Antonine Itinerary (in Latin: Antonini Itinerarium) is a register of the stations and distances along the various roads of the Roman empire, containing

Arabic foundation

The town of Guadalajara was founded by the Arab people in the 8th century. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding They named it Wadi-al-Hajara (واد الحجرة or وادي الحجرة), meaning "River of Stones" or "Valley of the Fortress"; in theory the literal translation of the Iberian name (Arriaca), meaning "Stony River".

The history of the town during the Muslim period was significant. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion They built monuments including the Moorish Bridge over the River Henares, the ruins of the old Alcazar (Arabic for "castle"), and the former Cathedral of St. Alcazar (disambiguation An alcázar is a Spanish Castle, from the Arabic word القصر al qasr meaning Mary, which was by then a mosque.

Christian conquest and Middle Ages

In 1085, Guadalajara was taken by the Christian forces of Alfonso VI (king of Leon and Castile). Alfonso VI (before June 1040 &ndash June 29 / July 1, 1109) nicknamed the Brave, was King of León from 1065 to 1109 and King of The chronicles say that the Christian army was led by Alvar Fanez de Minaya, one of the lieutenants (and according to the legend, brother in law) of El Cid. Alvar Fáñez de Minaya was the military commander to El Cid (Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar during his exile and his conquests as part of the Reconquista. Rodrigo (or Ruy) Díaz de Vivar (c 1040 Vivar, near Burgos &ndash 10 July 1099, Valencia) known as From 1085 until the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, the city suffered wars against the Almoravid and the Almohad Empires. The July 16 1212 battle of Las Navas de Tolosa ( Spanish: Batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa / Arabic: معركة العقاب The Almoravids, was a Berber dynasty from the Sahara that spread over a wide area of North-Western Africa and the Iberian peninsula during The Almohad Dynasty (From Arabic الموحدون al-Muwahhidun, i In spite of the wars, the new Christian population could definitely settle down in the area thanks to the repopulation with people from the North (Castilians from the mountains and Merindades, Basques and Navarreses mainly) who received their first fuero in 1133 from Alfonso VII. The Castilian people are the inhabitants of those regions in Spain where most people identify themselves as Castilian Located in the north of the province of Burgos, the Merindades are the birth place of the name "Castilla" The Basques (Euskaldunak are a people who inhabit a region spanning over parts of north-central Spain and southwestern France. Fuero ( Spanish) is a Spanish legal term and conceptThe word comes from Latin forum, an open space used as market tribunal Alfonso VII ( 1 March 1105 &ndash 21 August 1157) called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King In 1219, the king Fernando III gave a new fuero to the city (the one know as Fuero Largo or Big Fuero). Saint Ferdinand III (July 30 or August 5 1199 &ndash May 30, 1252) was the King of Castile from 1217 and King of León from 1230 During the reign of Alfonso X of Castile, the protection of the king allowed the city to develop its economy by protecting merchants and allowing markets. Alfonso X (November 23 1221 Toledo Spain &ndash April 4 1284 Seville Spain) was a Spanish monarch who ruled as the King of Castile,

Renaissance

During the 14th century, the Mendoza family was prominent in Guadalajara. This family included Íñigo López de Mendoza, also known as Marqués de Santillana (1398-1458), and Pedro González de Mendoza (1428-1495), Great Cardinal of Spain and adviser of the Catholic Monarchs. Don Íñigo López de Mendoza y de la Vega Marquis of Santillana ( August 19, 1398 - March 25, 1458) was a Castilian Pedro González de Mendoza ( May 3, 1428 &ndash January 11, 1495) was a Spanish cardinal and Statesman. The Catholic Monarchs (los Reyes Católicos is the collective title used in history for Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon The Mendoza family held the title of Dukes and Duchesses of El Infantado from 1475. In 1460, King Henry IV gave Guadalajara the title of 'City' and other privileges like the Cortes. Enrique IV (5 January 1425 - 11 December 1474 King of Castile, nicknamed the Impotent (ruled 1454-1474 was the last of the weak late medieval kings of Castile

During the War of the Spanish Succession, Guadalajara was sacked. In the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714 several European powers combined to stop French succession to the Spanish throne and what would likely have been a resulting King Philip V ordered the establishment of the Real Fábrica de Paños (Royal Factory of Clothes) which was situated in the Alcazar till the early 19th Century. Philip V of Spain ( December 19, 1683 - July 9, 1746) born Philippe de France, Fils de France and duc d'Anjou

Contemporary times

The 19th century started with two major setbacks: the damages caused by the Peninsular War (1808-1814) and the closing of the Real Fábrica de Paños in 1822. The Peninsular War or Spanish War of Independence pitted an alliance of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal against France In 1808, Guadalajara was taken by the French Army led by General Hugo and the city was destroyed. The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre (Land Army is the land-based component of the French Armed Forces and its largest

In 1840 Guadalajara was established as capital of the province with the same name by the Plan de Burgos. The Academy of Military Engineers was brought to the city. The development during the second half of the 19th Century till the first quarter of the 20th century was slow and centred on the developing of the administration without any special interest on industrial development.

After the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), that led to great damage to the city, Guadalajara was included in 1959 in the development plans, increasing specially the industry that was brought from the Descongestion of Madrid's Industrial Estates. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Since then, Guadalajara has been one of the cities in Spain with greatest relative growith.

Nowadays, Guadalajara is involved in urban development plans that are quickly increasing the population of the city. New districts like Aguas Vivas (Live Waters) have recently been inaugurated. Ciudad Valdeluz will give 30,000 inhabitants more to Guadalajara, creating a whole brand new city around the AVE Station (Spanish High-Speed Trains). Ave! or aue! is a Latin phrase used by the Romans as a salutation and Greeting, meaning 'hail'

The recent town-plannings have dramatically increased the cost of the new houses, changing in the last 10 years of being one of the cheapest provinces in Spain for house-buying to be the 3rd province in Spain with most expensive square meter.

Mayoralty

Since the 2003 local election, the Town Hall is controlled by a coalition (made up of social democratic party - PSOE - members and also one IU town councilor). The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, commonly abbreviated by its Spanish initials PSOE ( P artido S ocialista O brero E spañol is J. Alique (from PSOE) helds the post of mayor since then. After 2007 local elections Antonio Román (Popular Party) replaced Alique in the mayoralty.

Palacio del Infantado.
Palacio del Infantado.

Main sights

The bridge across the Henares river is Arab but built on Roman foundations. It has several historic buildings such as the Palacio del Infantado, as well as many churches, such as the church of San Ginés. The church of San Ginés is situated in Guadalajara Spain. Although Guadalajara is the biggest city in its diocese, the cathedral is located in the nearby town of Sigüenza. However, in Guadalajara, there is a "co-cathedral": the church of Saint Mary, in Mudejar style. Very close to this church, is placed the chapel known as "Capilla de Luis de Lucena", which has several fresco paintings on its walls and ceiling.

Miscellaneous

The Mexican city of Guadalajara, Jalisco, was founded by Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, a native of the Spanish Guadalajara. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Guadalajara (ˌgwɑːdləˈhɑːrə Spanish pronunciation) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Jalisco, and the seat of the municipality Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán or sometimes Nuño de Guzmán (ca 1490 - 1544 was a Spanish Conquistador and colonial administrator in New Spain.

The Coat of Arms of Guadalajara represents Alvar Fanez de Minaya entering in the town at night during the conquest.

Distinguished people from or related to the town were:

Twin towns

Guadalajara is twinned with numerous towns and cities.

They include:

See also

External links

References

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