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Grudziądz
Panorama of Grudziądz Old Town district
Panorama of Grudziądz Old Town district
Flag of Grudziądz
Flag		 Coat of arms of Grudziądz
Coat of arms
Motto: Grudziądz - miasto na szczęście
(Grudziądz - city of good luck)
Grudziądz (Poland)
Grudziądz
Grudziądz
Coordinates: 53°29′33″N 18°46′34″E / 53.4925, 18.77611
Country Flag of Poland Poland
Voivodeship Kuyavian-Pomeranian
County city county
Established 11th century
Town rights 1291
Government
 - Mayor Robert Malinowski
Area
 - Total 57. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Voivodeship The voivodeship or province (województwo has been a high-level Administrative subdivision of Poland since the 14th century Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Kuyavia-Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo kujawsko-pomorskie or simply Kujawsko-Pomorskie A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 76 km² (22. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 3 sq mi)
Elevation 50 m (164 ft)
Population (2007)
 - Total 99,808
 - Density 1,728/km² (4,475. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 4/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 86-300 to 86-311
Area code(s) +48 056
Car plates CG
Website: http://www.grudziadz.pl

Grudziądz [ˈgrud​͡ʑɔnt​͡s] (Image:Ltspkr.png listen) (German: Graudenz) is a city in northern Poland with 100,787 inhabitants (2000). Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks In common with many Countries, Polish car number plates indicate the Region of Registration of the Vehicle encoded in the number plate The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Situated in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (since 1999), the city was previously in the Toruń Voivodeship (1975-1998). Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Kuyavia-Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo kujawsko-pomorskie or simply Kujawsko-Pomorskie Toruń Voivodeship (województwo toruńskie was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in the years 1975 &ndash 1998, superseded

Contents

History

In 1291, the town (as Graudenz) received German Kulm law city rights from the monastic state of the Teutonic Knights it was located in. Kulm law, Culm law or Chełmno Law (Kulmer Recht Kulmer Handfeste; Jus Culmense vetus Prawo chełmińskie was a German legal Constitution The monastic state of the Teutonic Knights (Deutschordensland sometimes known in English by the German term Ordensstaat (ˈɔːdn̩ˌʃtɑːt or "Order-State" In 1440, the town joined the Prussian Confederation, and between 1466 and 1772, the city belonged to Royal Prussia. The Prussian Confederation (Preußischer Bund or Bund vor Gewalt; Związek Pruski was an organization formed in 1440 by a group of 53 gentry and clergy and 19 cities in Royal Prussia ( Prusy Królewskie was a province of the Kingdom of Poland from 1466 and then the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1772

Following the First Partition of Poland in 1772, the city (then called Graudenz) was annexed by the King Frederick II of Prussia and made part of the German Kingdom of Prussia. The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising In 1871, during the unification of Germany, it became part of the Prussian-led German Empire. The unification of Germany took place on January 18, 1871, when Prussian Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck managed to unify a number of independent The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification

After the construction of a railroad bridge across the Vistula in 1878, Graudenz became a rapidly growing industrialized city as well as a district centre in 1900. German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' In the 1912 Reichstag elections, 21% of the votes were given to Polish candidates, while the National Liberal Party of Germany received 53% of all votes. The Reichstag ( German for "Imperial Diet " was the Parliament of the Holy Roman Empire, the North German Confederation, The National Liberal Party ( Nationalliberale Partei) was a German political party which flourished between 1867 and 1918 On January 23, 1920, in accordance with the Treaty of Versailles, Grudziądz became part of the newly created Polish republic. Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland At the time, 84% of the population of the town and 58% of the county were German.

In the 20 years between the world wars, Grudziądz served as an important centre of culture and education with one of the biggest Polish military garrisons and several military schools located both within the confines of the city and around it. A world war is a War affecting the majority of the world's most powerful and populous nations Garrison (various spellings (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, "to equip" is the collective term for a body of Troops A large economic potential, and the existence of important institutions like the Pomeranian Tax Office and the Pomeranian Chamber of Industry and Trade, helped Grudziądz become the economic capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship in the interwar period. Pomeranian Voivodeship (also known as Pomerania Province or by its Polish name of województwo pomorskie {{IPA-pl|p|o|'|m|o|r|s|k|j|e}} or simply Pomorskie Grudziądz's economic potential was featured at the First Pomeranian Exhibition of Agriculture and Industry in 1925, officially opened by Stanisław Wojciechowski, the President of the Second Polish Republic. Stanislaw Wojciechowski was born on March 15, 1869 in Kalisz, and died near Warsaw on The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II.

One of the famous granaries
One of the famous granaries

The 64th and 65th Infantry Regiments and the 16th Light Artillery Regiment of the Polish Army were stationed in Grudziądz during the 19 years of interwar period. A granary is a storehouse for threshed grain or Animal feed. In ancient or primitive granaries Pottery is the most The Infantry is the oldest and most numerous of the Combat Arms in the Armed forces, and consists Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine Polish Land Forces (Wojska Lądowe RP is a branch of Poland 's Armed Forces. They were part of the 16th Infantry Division, which had its headquarters in the city, as did the cavalry's famous 18th Pomeranian Uhlans Regiment. The Cavalry (from French cavalerie) is the second oldest of the Combat Arms, and as Soldiers or Warriors who fought mounted on Uhlans (in Polish: "Ułan" "Ulan" in German, from Turkish oğlan) were Polish light Cavalry armed with The Grudziądz Centre of Cavalry Training educated many notable army commanders. Military education in Grudziądz was also provided by the Centre of the Gendarmerie, the Air School of Shooting and Bombarding, and the N. A gendarmerie or gendarmery (dʒɛnˈdɑrməriː or /ˌʒɑndɑrməˈriː/ after the French is a Military body charged with Police duties among civilian C. O. Professional School, which offered courses for infantry reserve officer cadets.

Historical population
of Grudziądz

1880 17,321
1905 35,958
1980 90,000
1990 102,300
1995 102,900
1999 102,434
2000 100,787
2006 99 578

On September 3, 1939 military troops of Nazi Germany entered Grudziądz and, as Graudenz, annexed the city into the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, starting a five-year long occupation lasting till the end of World War II. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The province Danzig-West Prussia (Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreussen was a German administrative sub-division unit ( Reichsgau) created in 1939 by the Nazis from the World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Graudenz was the location of the German concentration camp Graudenz, a subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp. This article is a list of Nazi-German concentration camps.In the table below Extermination camps are marked with pink Stutthof was the first concentration camp built by the Nazi Germany regime outside of Germany. As the result of heavy fighting in 1945, over 60% of the city was destroyed. Soviet Major Lev Kopelev is reporting those battles and the final surrender of the German garrison in his book "To Be Preserved Forever". Lev Zalmanovich Kopelev (also Lev Zinovevich Kopelev; Russian: Лев Залма́нович Ко́пелев or Лев Зино́вьевич Ко́пелев At war's end, the German-speaking population of the city left or was expelled and replaced with Poles from Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union. The expulsion of Germans after World War II was the Forced migration and Ethnic cleansing of German nationals ( Reichsdeutsche) and ethnic After the Soviet invasion of Poland following the corresponding German invasion that marked the start of World War II in 1939 the Soviet Union annexed

Notable citizens


Education

Twin towns

External links

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