The term Ground Zero may be used to describe the point on the earth's surface where an explosion occurs. In the case of an explosion above the ground, Ground Zero refers to the point on the ground directly below an explosion (see hypocenter). The hypocenter or hypocentre (literally 'below the center' from the Greek υπόκεντρον) refers to the site of an earthquake or to that of a nuclear The term has often been associated with nuclear explosions and other large bombs, but is also used in relation to earthquakes, epidemics and other disasters to mark the point of the most severe damage or destruction. A nuclear explosion occurs as a result of the rapid release of energy from an intentionally high-speed Nuclear reaction. A bomb is any of a range of devices that typically rely on the Exothermic Chemical reaction of an Explosive material to produce an extremely An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer Damage gradually decreases with distance from this point.
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History of term
The origins of the term "Ground Zero" began with the Manhattan Project and the bombing of Japan. The World War II Manhattan Project developed the first Nuclear weapon (atomic bomb The Oxford English Dictionary, citing the use of the term in a 1946 New York Times report on the destroyed city of Hiroshima, defines “ground zero” as “that part of the ground situated immediately under an exploding bomb, especially an atomic one. ”
The term was military slang — used at the Trinity site where the weapon tower for the first nuclear weapon was at point 'zero' — and moved into general use very shortly after the end of World War II. Trinity was the first test of technology for a Nuclear weapon. A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Relating to a specific event, the term was first used to refer to the devastation caused by the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were nuclear attacks near the end of World War II against the Empire of Japan by the United States at [1]
The Pentagon
The Pentagon, the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense in Arlington, Virginia was thought of as the most likely target of a nuclear missile strike during the Cold War. The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government Nuclear weapons delivery is the technology and systems used to place a Nuclear weapon at the position of Detonation, on or near its intended target Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the The open space in the center is informally known as ground zero, and a snack bar located at the center of this plaza is named the "Ground Zero Cafe. "
World Trade Center
The term was also used to describe the site of the World Trade Center in New York City, which was destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks. The World Trade Center in New York City, United States (sometimes informally the WTC or Twin Towers) was a complex of seven buildings in Lower Manhattan The City of New York The adoption of this term by the mainstream North American media began as early as 7:47 p. m. (EDT) on September 11, when CBS News reporter Jim Axelrod said,
| “ | Less than four miles behind me is where the Twin Towers stood this morning. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America CBS News is the news division of American Television and Radio network CBS. Jim Axelrod is the chief White House correspondent for CBS News, and reports for the CBS Evening News and other CBS News programs But not tonight. Ground Zero, as it's being described, in today's terrorist attacks that have sent aftershocks rippling across the country. [2] | ” |
Rescue workers also used the phrase "The Pile", referring to the pile of rubble that was left after the buildings collapsed. The World Trade Center site sits on 16 Acres (65000 m² in Lower Manhattan in New York City. [3]
Other uses
The term is often re-used for disasters that have a geographic or conceptual epicenter.
References
- ^ Key Issues: Nuclear Weapons: History: Pre Cold War: Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Nuclear Age Peace Foundation. Retrieved on 2008-02-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons
- ^ CBS 9, Washington, D. C. , at Internet Archive's September 11 Television Archive. Kathleen Matthews, of WJLA, Washington, D. WJLA-TV, channel 7 is the ABC television affiliate in Washington D C. said at 7:02 p. m. EDT, "Ground Zero for the terrorist attack here in the Washington area is of course The Pentagon. The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. " September 11 Television Archive.
- ^ Hamill, Denis. "Rescue Workers Keep Up Quest for Signs of Life Ruin All Over, But Not One Unkind Word", Daily News (New York), September 16, 2001.
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