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Groom of the Chamber and Groom of the Privy Chamber were positions in the Royal Household of the British monarchy, the latter considerably more elevated. The royal household in all the early medieval monarchies of Western Europe formed the basis for the general government of the country TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy Other Ancien Régime royal establishments in Europe had comparable officers, often with similar titles. Ancien Régime ( pronounced: /ɑ̃sjɛ̃ ʁeʒim/ refers primarily to the aristocratic social and political system established in In France, the Duchy of Burgundy, and in England while French was still the language of the court, the title was varlet or valet de chambre. The Duchy of Burgundy was a feudal territory once existing within the Kingdom of France. Valet de chambre, or varlet de chambre, was a court appointment introduced in the late Middle Ages, common from the 14th century onwards In German, Danish and Russian the term was "Kammerjunker".

Traditionally, the English Court was organized into three branches or departments:
1) the Household, primarily concerned with fiscal more than domestic matters, the "royal purse;"
2) the Bedchamber, focused on the most direct and intimate aspects of the lives of the royal family, with its own offices, like the Groom of the Body and the Squire of the Body;
3) the Chamber, concerned with the Presence Chamber, the Privy Chamber, and other more public rooms of the royal palaces, as the Bedchamber was concerned with the innermost. The Privy Chamber is part of the Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, where the Sultans have used as office and also kept the Sacred Trusts.

The Chamber organization was controlled by the Lord Chamberlain; if he was the general of a small army of servitors, the Grooms of the Chamber were his junior officers, with ushers and footmen the footsoldiers. The Lord Chamberlain or Lord Chamberlain of the Household is one of the chief officers of the Royal Household in the United Kingdom, and is to be distinguished The Grooms wore the royal livery (in earlier periods), served as general attendants, and fulfilled a wide range of specific functions. (One Groom of the Chamber had the job of handing the "King's Stuff" to a Squire of the Body, who would then dress the King. ) Grooms ranked below Gentlemen of the Chamber, usually important noblemen, but above Yeomen of the Chamber. They were mostly well-born, on a first rung of a courtier's career. A courtier is a person who attends the court of a Monarch or other powerful person.

The office of Groom of the Chamber could also be bestowed in a more honorific manner, upon people who served the royal household in some less direct way. The early Tudor poet Stephen Hawes became a Groom of the Chamber in 1502, under Henry VII. The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was an English royal Dynasty that lasted 118 years from 1485 to 1603 a period known as the Tudor period Stephen Hawes (d 1523 was a popular English poet during the Tudor period who is now little known [1] In the reigns of the early monarchs of the House of Stuart, James I and Charles I, the actors of the King's Men, the playing company under royal patronage, were officially "Grooms extraordinary of the Chamber". The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Royal house of the Kingdom of Scotland, later also of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James Charles I, (19 November 1600 &ndash 30 January 1649 was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. The King's Men was the company of actors to which William Shakespeare (1564&ndash1616 belonged through most of his career In Renaissance London, playing company was the usual term for a company of Actors These companies were organized around a group of ten or so Shareholders They did not usually fulfill the normal functions of the office; rather, they served the King by performing plays for him. Although on busy occasions, the King's Men appear to have acted as more ordinary servants: in August 1604 they were "waiting and attending" upon the Spanish ambassador at Somerset House, "on his Majesty's service" — but no plays were performed. )[2] They were also turned out to bulk up the Household for grand ceremonial occasions.

A similar arrangement held for some of Queen Anne's Men, including their playwright Thomas Heywood; they became Grooms of the Queen's Chamber, under the Queen's Chamberlain. Queen Anne's Men was a Playing company, or troupe of actors in Jacobean era London Thomas Heywood (early 1570s&mdash 16 August[[ 641]] was a prominent English playwright actor and miscellaneous author whose peak period of activity falls between [3] On some occasions, Shakespeare, Heywood, and their compatriots wore the royal livery, marched in processions, and played other roles in the ceremonial life of the monarchy. William Shakespeare ( baptised In at least two cases, those of George Bryan (Lord Chamberlain's Men) and John Singer (Queen Elizabeth's Men; Admiral's Men), professional actors became "normal" Grooms of the Chamber, with the normal duties, after retiring from the stage. George Bryan ( fl 1586 &ndash 1613) was an actor in English Renaissance theatre, a member of the Lord Chamberlain's Men with The Lord Chamberlain's Men was the Playing company that William Shakespeare worked for as Actor and Playwright for most of his career Queen Elizabeth's Men was a Playing company or troupe of actors in English Renaissance theatre. The Admiral's Men (also called the Admiral's company, more strictly the Earl of Nottingham's Men; after 1603, Prince Henry's Men; after

Similarly, the French portrait painter Jean Clouet (c. A portrait is a painting, photograph, Sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person in which the face and its expression is predominant Jean (or Janet Clouet (1480 - 1541 was a Miniaturist and painter who worked in France during the Renaissance. 1485–1540) was appointed a valet de chambre groom of the chamber of the French monarchy in 1523, as was his son François Clouet later. François Clouet (c 1510 &ndash 22 December 1572) son of Jean Clouet, was a French Renaissance Miniaturist and painter particularly The office could serve as a sinecure to provide a minimum income and social place for someone who enjoyed royal favor. A sinecure (from Latin sine, without and cura, care means an office which requires or involves little or no responsibility labour or active service

Many noble households in Britain and eslewhere in Europe had their own grooms of the chamber, known by various titles. See Valet de chambre for a fuller account. Valet de chambre, or varlet de chambre, was a court appointment introduced in the late Middle Ages, common from the 14th century onwards

See also: Groom of the Robes; Groom of the Stole; Groom of the Stool. Groom of the Robes is an obsolete office in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of England later Great Britain ultimately the United Kingdom. This is an incomplete list of those who have served as Groom of the Stole in the British Royal Household. The Groom of the Stool was a medieval English groom (ie a male servant who among other duties had the task of cleaning the Monarch's buttocks after a Bowel movement.

Notes

  1. ^ Leslie Stephen, Dictionary of National Biography, 1901; p. 188.
  2. ^ Halliday, p. 460; spellings modernized.
  3. ^ At that time, Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester (1563–1626), younger brother of Sir Philip Sidney. Robert Sidney 1st Earl of Leicester ( November 19, 1563 &ndash July 13, 1626) second son of Sir Henry Sidney, was a statesman of Sir Philip Sidney ( November 30, 1554 &ndash October 17, 1586) became one of the Elizabethan Age's most prominent figures

References

External links

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